Toward an Integrated Understanding of the Lepidoptera Microbiome

Annual Review of Entomology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 69(1), С. 117 - 137

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023

Research over the past 30 years has led to a widespread acceptance that insects establish and diverse associations with microorganisms. More recently, microbiome research been accelerating in lepidopteran systems, leading greater understanding of both endosymbiont gut microorganisms how they contribute integral aspects host. Lepidoptera are associated robust assemblage microorganisms, some which may be stable routinely detected larval adult hosts, while others ephemeral transient. Certain populate can significantly hosts’ performance fitness, inconsequential. We emphasize context-dependent nature interactions between players. While our review discusses contemporary literature, there major avenues yet explored determine fundamental host–microbe potential applications for microbiome; we describe these after synthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Middle Jurassic insect mines on gymnosperms provide missing links to early mining evolution

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 242(6), С. 2803 - 2816

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2024

We investigated the mining mode of insect feeding, involving larval consumption a plant's internal tissues, from Middle Jurassic (165 million years ago) Daohugou locality Northeastern China. Documentation Period is virtually unknown, and results this time interval would address evolution during temporal gap mine-seed plant diversifications previous Late Triassic to subsequent Early Cretaceous. Plant fossils were examined with standard microscopic procedures for herbivory used functional feeding group-damage-type system categorizing damage. All fossil mines photographed databased. 2014 specimens, which 27 occurrences on 14 specimens resulted in eight, new, mine damage types (DTs) present six genera bennettitalean, ginkgoalean, pinalean gymnosperms. Three conclusions emerge study. First, these mid-Mesozoic are morphologically conservative track host anatomical structure rather than phylogeny. Second, likely fabricators three basal lineages polyphagan beetles, four monotrysian moths, lineage tenthredinoid sawflies. Third, nutrition hypothesis, indicating that miners had greater access nutritious, inner tissues new lineages, best explains mid-Mesozoic.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial Community Dynamics in Natural Drosophila melanogaster Populations Across Seasons

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Many insects benefit from gut microbes that contribute to digestion, detoxification, nutrient supplementation or defence. Although abiotic and biotic factors are known shape insect‐associated microbial communities, the seasonal dynamics their potential impact on host fitness remain poorly studied. Here we investigated temporal changes in bacterial fungal communities associated with model organism Drosophila melanogaster over 5 months. Our results reveal high inter‐individual variation, but also consistent of three wild D. populations early spring late summer. These were driven by specific indicator species, particularly Acetobacteraceae bacteria ( Gluconobacter Komagataeibacter ) Saccharomycetales yeasts Pichia , Starmerella Kregervanrija Hanseniaspora Saccharomycopsis Priceomyces Dipodascopsis ). The not accompanied differences total abundance, alpha‐diversity only changed across sampling months for communities. While ‐associated likely exposure seasonally changing environments diets, they may have important impacts fitness. Elucidating adaptive value will enhance our understanding how symbiotic ecological niche shifts geographic range expansions insects.

Язык: Английский

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Similar freezing spectra of particles in plant canopies and in the air at a high-altitude site

Biogeosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(22), С. 5219 - 5231

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2024

Abstract. Plant canopies are an important source of biological particles aerosolized into the atmosphere. Certain microorganisms able to freeze slightly supercooled cloud droplets and therefore affect mixed-phase development. Still, spatiotemporal variability such ice-nucleating (INPs) is currently poorly understood. Here, we study this between late summer leaf shedding on scale individual leaves collected about fortnightly from four temperate broadleaf tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Juglans regia, Prunus avium Tilia platyphyllos) a hillside (Gempen, 650 m a.s.l. (metres above sea level)) in vertical canopy profile one Fagus sylvatica (Hölstein, 550 a.s.l.) north-western Switzerland. The cumulative concentration INPs active at ≥-10 °C (INPs−10) did not vary significantly investigated but, as inferred mass per area carbon isotopic ratios, seemed be lower sun compared with shade leaves. Between August mid-November, median INP increased 4 38 INP−10 cm−2 was positively correlated mean relative humidity throughout 24 h prior sampling (Spearman's r=0.52, p<0.0001, n=64). In 53 total 64 samples Gempen site, differential spectra −3 −10 exhibited clearly discriminable patterns: % spectra, number additionally activated persistently each 1 decrease temperature; remaining displayed significant peaks −9 °C, most frequently temperature interval −8 (21 %) −7 (17 %). Interestingly, three frequent patterns were also prevalent similar fractions air high-altitude Jungfraujoch site (3580 a.s.l., Switzerland) during previous year. These findings corroborate idea that large fraction airborne population Alps originates plant surfaces. Which parameter or set parameters could populations both scales – upwind airsheds sites well intriguing question for further exploration. A first guess wetness duration plays role.

Язык: Английский

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Taxonomic analysis reveals host preference of rare fungi in endophytes of Vitis vinifera from the Czech Republic

Folia Microbiologica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 68(6), С. 961 - 975

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Concentration-dependent effect of plant secondary metabolites on bacterial and fungal microbiomes in caterpillar guts

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2023

The caterpillar gut is an excellent model system for studying host-microbiome interactions, as it represents extreme environment microbial life that usually has low diversity and considerable variability in community composition. Our study design combines feeding caterpillars on a natural artificial diet with controlled levels of plant secondary metabolites uses metabarcoding quantitative PCR to simultaneously profile bacterial fungal assemblages, which never been performed. Moreover, we focus multiple species consider breadth. Contrary many previous studies, our suggested the functional importance certain taxa, especially bacteria, confirmed previously proposed lower fungi holobiont. revealed lack differences between monophagous polyphagous responses assemblages metabolites, suggesting limited role microbiome plasticity herbivore diet.

Язык: Английский

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Seasonal dynamics of phyllosphere epiphytic microbial communities of medicinal plants in farmland environment

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Introduction The phyllosphere of plants is inhabited by various microorganisms, which play a crucial role in plant physiological metabolism. Currently, there limited research on the dynamic effects species and seasons microbial community diversity interactions. Methods In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence leaf surface parasitic microorganisms five medicinal ( Bupleurum chinense , Atractylodes lancea Salvia miltiorrhiza Astragalus membranaceus Lonicera japonica ). Results results showed that bacteria fungi clustered into 3,898 1,572 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively. Compared host species, had more significant impact fungi. heterogeneity communities greater winter compared summer. Key analysis at OTU level Spearman correlation demonstrated preferences interactions under seasonal backgrounds. network connections between bacterial fungal significantly increased during transitions with plants. Discussion This study enhances our understanding composition ecological roles plant-associated small-scale agricultural environments. Additionally, it provides valuable insights for assessing biodiversity

Язык: Английский

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Mycobiomes of two distinct clades of ambrosia gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are species-specific in larvae but similar in nutritive mycelia

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

ABSTRACT Ambrosia gall midges (AGMs) are mostly host plant-specific. In their galls, they harbor fungal symbionts on which feed. Therefore, represent unique steps in the evolution of gall-forming Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Gall-associated fungi have been studied predominantly by cultivations, and potential larval endosymbionts completely neglected. Using ITS2 rRNA metabarcoding, we characterized mycobiomes individual compartments (gall surface, interior, larva) six species from two phylogenetically separated tribes (Asphondyliini Lasiopterini). Compared to surface larvae harbored significantly higher richness taxonomic diversity, a larger pool indicator taxa. Larval mycobiome composition was more species-specific; however, genera Fusarium , Filobasidium Tilletiopsis Alternaria Aureobasidium were taxa shared among species. Overall, 29% that can play functional role (e.g., initiation development or selection mycelia composition). The interior assembled least stochastically, its species-specific, being dominated Botryosphaeria dothidea (except for Lasioptera arundinis ). ambrosia galls offers environment supports growth similar fungi, regardless plant phylogenetic distance between AGM tribes. Our study illustrates range microorganisms indicative compartments, but function, especially larvae, remains be solved. IMPORTANCE endophagous insect herbivores whose live enclosed within single entire period. They may exhibit phytomycetophagy, remarkable feeding mode involves consumption biomass cultivated symbionts. Thus, AGMs ideal model organisms studying specificity insects. However, compared other fungus-farming insects, insect–fungus mutualism has is first use DNA metabarcoding characterize complete system insects as profiled surfaces, nutritive mycelia, larvae. Interestingly, different although evolutionary separation studied. confirmed long-time hypothesized paradigm important association this fungus with AGMs.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of host shift on the gut microbes of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2023

Gut microbes play an important role in the adaptation of insects. Polyphagous insects usually undergo changes gut microbiota after host shift. The Bactrocera cucurbitae have a wide range hosts, but dynamic microorganisms during shift not been thoroughly investigated. To understand insect adaptation, it is necessary to study dynamics transfer. Using (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its four hosts as subjects, we investigated transfer effects different on microbial composition B. cucurbitae. results showed that Chao1 index decreased significantly transfer, intestinal were affected by original host, generations. Furthermore, predicated abundance secondary metabolite pathways suggested may degradation metabolites, among which Providencia Morganella functions This implied function process be cofactor environments, providing new research ideas for future control

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of differential effects of host plants on the gut microbes of Rhoptroceros cyatheae

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024

As an indispensable part of insects, intestinal symbiotic bacteria play a vital role in the growth and development insects their adaptability. Rhoptroceros cyatheae , main pest relict plant Alsophila spinulosa poses serious threat to A. population. In present study, 16S rDNA internal transcribed spacer high-throughput sequencing techniques were used analyze structure microbes diversity insect feeding on two different plants, as well similarities between microorganisms R. . The dominant leaf endophytes also compared based data. results showed that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria phyla bacteria, Ascomycota was phylum fungi. Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum Enterococcus genera intestine R relative abundance significantly groups. Candida common genus fungi groups, no significant difference observed its This with greatly affected by food. core microbiota leaves gut indicated presence microbial exchange two. network correlation diagram Gymnosphaera metteniana more closely related each other, which could help host better cope adverse external environment. study provides theoretical basis for adaptation mechanism new direction effective prevention control

Язык: Английский

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