Effects of COVID-19-targeted non-pharmaceutical interventions on pediatric hospital admissions in North Italian hospitals, 2017 to 2022: a quasi-experimental study interrupted time-series analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

The use of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs), such as lockdowns, social distancing and school closures, against the COVID-19 epidemic is debated, particularly for possible negative effects on vulnerable populations, including children adolescents. This study therefore aimed to quantify impact NPIs trend pediatric hospitalizations during 2 years pandemic compared previous 3 years, also considering two phases according type adopted NPIs.

Язык: Английский

---

Global school closures in response to COVID-19 pandemic: Comparison of national initial estimates and actual lengths of school closures during 2019–2020 academic year

Social Sciences & Humanities Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9, С. 100871 - 100871

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The global outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread school closures, however little is known about the preparedness countries' educational system in adapting to pandemic. This study aimed report initial estimates closures by country comparison actual length during 2019–20 academic year using World Bank and United Nations Educational, Scientific Cultural Organization data. Among 169 countries analyzed, 63 (37.3%) estimated 1–2 weeks 47 (27.8%) 3–4 with statistically significant differences between regions (p = 0.001) but not income groups 0.133). One hundred four 120 (86.7%) experienced longer than estimated. With prolonged may have been adequately prepared support alternative learning modalities for extended periods time. Pandemic planning needed establish plans deliver instructions should be supported adequate resources. Our findings provide evidence inform future minimize pandemic-related disruptions education.

Язык: Английский

---

A systematic review to evaluate the risk of bias of meta-analyses reporting experimental educational interventions focused on academic performance

Cogent Education, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

Introduction Concerns about the risk of bias (RoB) Meta-analysis (MAs) have grown in parallel with exponential increase number publications science. However, this has not been properly assessed Education. The aims were to evaluate RoB MAs Education and identify potential predictors a lower RoB.

Язык: Английский

---

The Epidemiological and Economic Impact of COVID-19 in Kazakhstan: An Agent-Based Modeling

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(22), С. 2968 - 2968

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023

Background: Our study aimed to assess how effective the preventative measures taken by state authorities during pandemic were in terms of public health protection and rational use material human resources. Materials Methods: We utilized a stochastic agent-based model for COVID-19’s spread combined with WHO-recommended COVID-ESFT version 2.0 tool labor cost estimation. Results: long-term forecasts (up 50 days) showed satisfactory results steady trend total cases. However, short-term 10 more accurate periods relative stability interrupted sudden outbreaks. The simulations indicated that infection’s was highest within families, most COVID-19 cases occurring 26–59 age group. Government interventions resulted 3.2 times fewer Karaganda than predicted under “no intervention” scenario, yielding an estimated economic benefit 40%. Conclusion: we propose can accurately forecast progression infection, enabling organizations allocate specialists resources timely manner.

Язык: Английский

---

School holidays and respiratory syncytial virus transmission in Sweden: An interrupted time series analysis

Acta Paediatrica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 113(9), С. 2081 - 2090

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024

Abstract Aim Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) represents a significant cause of morbidity for children worldwide, especially newborns. As RSV vaccines are not routinely used yet, non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) represent the main strategy prevention. The objective this study was to investigate correlation between school holidays and transmission. Methods Data were collected from weekly reports on incidence 2021/2022 2022/2023 seasons in Sweden. 7‐day cumulative compared before after designated (Fall, Christmas, Winter holidays). Results Our findings reveal an immediate (−1.7%, p < 0.001, 95% CI [−3.1%, −0.4%]) gradual (−1.4%/week, 95%CI [−1.8, −1.0]) reduction following Fall holiday 2021, among under 1 year age, both immediately (−107.6%, 0.05, [−203.7, −11.5]) gradually afterwards (−58.5%/week, [−72.7, −44.3]). Mixed results obtained studied years. Conclusions While associated with decrease Sweden, our do support universal effect reducing

Язык: Английский

---

The effect of the virtual education program on the health responsibility of overweight students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

Background: The global prevalence of obesity is increasing not only in adults but also children and adolescents. In addition to the role genetic biological factors, policies such as need for quarantine during coronavirus epidemic family's behavioral socioeconomic status causing cannot be ignored. The current research aimed investigate effect virtual education programs on health responsibility overweight students outbreak Coronavirus. Methods: present semi-experimental was conducted by selecting 60 obese female high school random cluster sampling method (case control) 2021-22 Tehran Province, Iran. training program (6 sessions 1.5 hours 6 groups 5 people) based topics nutrition, physical activity, sleep, etc. After months, students' BMI measured a post-test done. SPSS version 22 software used data analysis. Results: There no significant change after intervention control group (p=0.476), it decreased significantly test (p<0.001). Before intervention, there statistically difference between average score (54.63 ) (53.03 6.79) (P=0.370). mean (62.56) (55.10) (P<0.001). about 70% both were at relatively favorable level. study, number who placed completely level almost twice before, observed two groups(P=0.035). Conclusions: results study showed that COVID-19 has led an increase (in terms improving behaviors, modifying eating pattern) reducing body mass index students.

Язык: Английский

---

Effect of vaccinations and school restrictions on the spread of COVID-19 in different age groups in Germany

Infectious Disease Modelling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(4), С. 1250 - 1264

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, various non-pharmaceutical interventions were adopted to control virus transmission, including school closures. Subsequently, introduction vaccines mitigated not only disease severity but also spread SARS-CoV-2. This study leveraged an adapted SIR model and non-linear mixed-effects modeling quantify impact remote learning, holidays, Variants Concern (VOCs), role vaccinations in controlling SARS-CoV-2 across 16 German federal states with age-stratified approach. Findings highlight a significant inverse correlation (Spearman's ρ = -0.92, p < 0.001) between vaccination rates peak incidence all age groups. Model-parameter estimation using observed number cases stratified by state allowed assess effects closure considering adjustments for VOCs over time. Here, revealed (p differences virus's among pre-school children (0-4), (5-11), adolescents (12-17), adults (18-59), elderly (60+). The transition learning emerged as critical measure significantly reducing infection 0.001), whereas increased risk was noted during these periods, suggesting shift networks due altered caregiving roles. Conversely, holiday mirrored those when schools open. Simulation exercises based on provided evidence that COVID-19 might serve dual purpose: they protect vaccinated individuals contribute broader community's safety.

Язык: Английский

---

Successes, shortcomings and learning opportunities for evidence-based medicine from the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ evidence-based medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. bmjebm - 112815

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital setting

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(9), С. e0310860 - e0310860

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2024

Globally, cases of children’s coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported since the pandemic started. Most children an asymptomatic or mild infection. Therefore, incidence rate COVID-19 in might underestimated. This study aimed to determine (1) seroprevalence (and seroconversion rates) COVID-19, including associated risk factors, pediatric patients visiting hospitals; and (2) immunological responses COVID-19. was a prospective, cross-sectional study. Patients aged 0–18 years who visited hospital from September 2020 February 2022 were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory data reviewed. A total 1,443 enrolled. Of these, 323 (22.6%) had history In pre-Delta period, increased 4.1% 70.6% all included 0.5% 10% without known compared with Delta-Omicron period. The 6.8% (19 per 100 person-years) Risk factors for seropositivity respiratory symptoms, being outpatient department setting, infection during Exposure household members confirmed factor seroconversion. Infection period testing conducted >2 weeks after onset symptoms spike immunoglobulin (Ig) M nucleocapsid IgG, respectively. High IgG levels pneumonia Pediatric exposed should be tested Nucleocapsid can used as surrogate marker identify may experienced screening tool outbreak, regardless vaccination status.

Язык: Английский

---

Infektionsepidemiologische Effekte von Schulschließungen während der zweiten COVID-19-Pandemiewelle – Eine exemplarische Analyse innerhalb einer niederbayerischen Region

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

---