Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Март 3, 2023
The
wide
application
of
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
has
significantly
improved
the
survival
expectation
cancer
patients.
While
immunotherapy
brings
benefits
to
patients,
it
also
results
in
a
series
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs).
Increasing
evidence
suggests
that
gut
microbiome
is
critical
for
response
and
development
irAEs.In
this
prospective
study,
we
recruited
95
patients
with
advanced/unresectable
gastrointestinal
cancers
treated
report
comprehensive
analysis
association
irAEs.
Metagenome
sequencing
was
used
analyze
differences
bacterial
composition
metabolic
pathways
baseline
fecal
samples.In
summary,
identified
species
might
be
associated
occurrence
irAEs
gastric,
esophageal,
colon
cancers.
Ruminococcus
callidus
Bacteroides
xylanisolvens
were
enriched
without
severe
Several
microbial
involved
urea
cycle,
including
citrulline
arginine
biosynthesis,
We
found
different
types
toxicity
specific
organs
endocrine
system
microbiota
profiles.
These
findings
provide
basis
future
mechanistic
exploration.
Cancer Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
42(2), С. 180 - 197
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
The
past
decade
has
witnessed
significant
advances
in
the
systemic
treatment
of
advanced
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC).
Nevertheless,
newly
developed
strategies
have
not
achieved
universal
success
and
HCC
patients
frequently
exhibit
therapeutic
resistance
to
these
therapies.
Precision
represents
a
paradigm
shift
cancer
recent
years.
This
approach
utilizes
unique
molecular
characteristics
individual
patient
personalize
modalities,
aiming
maximize
efficacy
while
minimizing
side
effects.
Although
precision
shown
multiple
types,
its
application
remains
infancy.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
key
aspects
HCC,
including
biomarkers,
classifications,
heterogeneity
tumor
microenvironment.
We
also
propose
future
directions,
ranging
from
revolutionizing
current
methodologies
personalizing
therapy
through
functional
assays,
which
will
accelerate
next
phase
advancements
area.
Abstract
Immune
evasion
contributes
to
cancer
growth
and
progression.
Cancer
cells
have
the
ability
activate
different
immune
checkpoint
pathways
that
harbor
immunosuppressive
functions.
The
programmed
death
protein
1
(PD-1)
cell
ligands
(PD-Ls)
are
considered
be
major
molecules.
interaction
of
PD-1
PD-L1
negatively
regulates
adaptive
response
mainly
by
inhibiting
activity
effector
T
while
enhancing
function
regulatory
(Tregs),
largely
contributing
maintenance
homeostasis
prevents
dysregulated
immunity
harmful
responses.
However,
exploit
PD-1/PD-L1
axis
cause
escape
in
development
Blockade
neutralizing
antibodies
restores
enhances
anti-tumor
immunity,
achieving
remarkable
success
therapy.
Therefore,
mechanisms
cancers
attracted
an
increasing
attention.
This
article
aims
provide
a
comprehensive
review
roles
signaling
human
autoimmune
diseases
cancers.
We
summarize
all
aspects
underlying
expression
cancers,
including
genetic,
epigenetic,
post-transcriptional
post-translational
mechanisms.
In
addition,
we
further
progress
clinical
research
on
antitumor
effects
targeting
alone
combination
with
other
therapeutic
approaches,
providing
new
strategies
for
finding
tumor
markers
developing
combined
approaches.
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16(4), С. 333 - 339
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2022
Hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
remains
a
frequently
diagnosed
malignancy
worldwide,
still
representing
an
important
cause
of
cancer-related
death.
Recent
years
have
seen
the
emergence
novel
systemic
treatments
for
HCC
patients,
including
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs).
Nonetheless,
several
questions
regarding
immunotherapy
remain
unanswered,
especially
in
terms
biochemical
predictors
response.In
current
paper,
we
will
discuss
available
evidence
predictive
biomarkers
response
to
immunotherapy.
A
literature
search
was
conducted
January
2022
Pubmed/Medline,
Cochrane
library,
and
Scopus
databases.The
identification
represents
unmet
need
patients
receiving
ICIs.
The
medical
community
is
called
further
efforts
aimed
elucidate
effective
role
PD-L1
expression,
TMB,
MSI,
gut
microbiota,
other
emerging
biomarkers.
Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023
Immunotherapy
has
emerged
as
an
effective
treatment
for
various
types
of
cancers.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
a
significant
correlation
between
the
gut
microbiome
and
patients'
response
to
immunotherapy.
Several
characteristics
microbiome,
such
community
structures,
taxonomic
compositions,
molecular
functions,
been
identified
crucial
biomarkers
predicting
immunotherapy
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs).
Unlike
other
-omics,
can
serve
not
only
but
also
potential
targets
enhancing
efficacy
Approaches
modulating
include
probiotics/prebiotics
supplementation,
dietary
interventions,
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT),
antibiotic
administration.
This
review
primarily
focuses
on
elucidating
role
in
cancer
improving
its
efficacy.
Notably,
we
explore
reasons
behind
inconsistent
findings
observed
different
studies,
highlight
underlying
benefits
antibiotics
liver
