Discover Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024
Язык: Английский
Discover Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment. In contrast to non-melanoma cancers like basal cell carcinoma and squamous carcinoma, melanoma more invasive. was distinguished by its rapid progression, high metastatic potential, significant resistance conventional therapies. Although it accounted a small proportion cases, accounts majority deaths caused due ability invade deep tissues, adapt diverse microenvironments, evade immune responses. These unique features highlighted challenges treating underscored importance advanced tools, such as single-cell sequencing, unravel biology develop personalized therapeutic strategies. Thus, we conducted analysis cellular composition within tumor tissues further subdivided into subpopulations. Through analyzing metabolic pathways, stemness genes, transcription factors (TFs) among in different phases (G1, G2/M, S) well between primary foci cells, investigated specific mechanisms underlying metastasis. We also revisited temporal trajectories subpopulations, identifying core subpopulation C0 SOD3 + cells. Our findings revealed close relationship pivotal oxidative pathways tissues. Additionally, analyzed prognostically relevant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) built predictive model associated with outcomes. selected gene IGF1 highest coefficient (coef) value analysis, experimentally validated essential function proliferation invasive metastasis melanoma. infiltration discovered critical roles played M1/M2 macrophages progression evasion. Furthermore, development malignant were closely various forms programmed death (PCD), including apoptosis, autophagic death, ferroptosis, pyroptosis. often resisted mechanisms, maintaining their growth inhibiting apoptosis evading death. Meanwhile, induction ferroptosis pyroptosis thought trigger responses helped suppress dissemination. A deeper understanding PCD provided foundation developing novel targeted therapies, potential enhance treatment efficacy. contributed prognostic models shed light on research directions concerning targets.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 74(3)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Abstract With the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors into treatment endometrial cancer (EC), a deeper understanding tumor microenvironment is critical. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are considered favorable prognostic factors for EC, but significance their spatial distribution remains unclear. B cell receptor repertoire analysis performed using six TLS samples located at various distances from showed that TLSs in distal areas had more shared clones with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. To comprehensively investigate TLSs, we developed an artificial intelligence model to detect and determine locations whole-slide images. Our effectively quantified were detected 69% patients EC. We identified them as proximal or margin demonstrated (dTLSs) significantly prolonged overall survival progression-free (PFS) across multiple cohorts [hazard ratio (HR), 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.36–0.88; p = 0.01 survival; HR, 0.58; CI, 0.40–0.84; 0.004 PFS]. When analyzed by molecular subtype, dTLSs copy-number-high EC subtype longer PFS (HR, 0.51; 0.29–0.91; 0.02). Moreover, higher response rate (87.5 vs. 41.7%) trend toward improved PFS. findings indicate functions implications may vary locations, serve predictors efficacy. This facilitate personalized therapy
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2)
Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024
Abstract With the increasing demand for precision medicine in cancer patients, radiogenomics emerges as a promising frontier. Radiogenomics is originally defined methodology associating gene expression information from high‐throughput technologies with imaging phenotypes. However, advancements medical imaging, omics technologies, and artificial intelligence, both concept application of have significantly broadened. In this review, history enumerated, related five basic workflows their applications across tumors, role AI radiogenomics, opportunities challenges tumor heterogeneity, immune microenvironment. The positron emission tomography multi‐omics studies also discussed. Finally, faced by clinical transformation, along future trends field
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
Gastric cancer, as one of the malignant tumors with a significant disease burden globally, emphasizes importance early diagnosis and personalized treatment for improving patient prognosis. In recent years, clinical prediction models (CPMs) have played crucial role in predicting risks, assisting medical decision-making, evaluating prognosis benefits tools risk–benefit assessment. Nomograms, an important visualization form models, been increasingly applied tumor-related research. Numerous studies constructed multiple nomogram by integrating clinical, pathological, laboratory, imaging data, genetic characteristics, providing accurate effective tool risk gastric diagnosis, response assessment, analysis. This article aims to review current applications research progress nomograms goal robust references theoretical support practice.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
ABSTRACT This review provides an in‐depth exploration of the evolving role immunotherapy in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, with a particular focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their associated predictive biomarkers. We present detailed analysis established biomarkers, such as PD‐L1, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), microenvironment (TME), well emerging including gut microbiota Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). The value these biomarkers guiding clinical decision‐making optimizing outcomes is thoroughly discussed. Additionally, we highlight recent advancements biomarker evaluation technologies, next‐generation sequencing (NGS), multiplex immunohistochemistry, artificial intelligence (AI)–driven models. These technologies are instrumental advancing precision medicine by enhancing accuracy efficiency detection facilitating personalized treatment approaches. integration advanced has significantly improved efficacy GI cancers addressing challenges heterogeneity, evasion, variable patient responses. By providing deeper understanding biology patient‐specific factors, tools offer potential to optimize selection, regimens, and, ultimately, outcomes. underscores transformative impact combining cutting‐edge marking significant step forward field oncology for cancer treatment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
The immunotherapy landscape for gastrointestinal (GI) tumors is rapidly evolving. There an urgent need reliable biomarkers capable of predicting treatment outcomes to optimize therapeutic strategies and enhance patient prognosis. This review presents a comprehensive overview associated with the response GI tumors, covering advances in molecular genetics, histopathological markers, imaging. Key biomarkers, such as microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, programmed death-ligand 1 expression, remain critical identifying patients likely benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. significance tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, notably CD8+ T cell regulatory ratio, predictor explored. In addition, advanced imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography-CT, facilitate noninvasive evaluation biology response. By bridging data, this integrated strategy enhances precision selection, monitoring, adaptive therapy design. Future studies should aim validate these larger, multicenter cohorts focus on clinical translation advance medicine oncology.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Май 19, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Clinical Epigenetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14
Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2024
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment modality, offering promising outcomes for various malignancies. However, the efficacy of ICIs varies among patients, highlighting essential need accurate predictive biomarkers. This review synthesizes current understanding biomarkers ICI therapy, and discusses clinical utility limitations these in predicting outcomes. It three US Food Drug Administration (FDA)-approved biomarkers, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), explores other potential including immune microenvironment (TIME)-related signatures, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) diversity, non-invasive such as circulating DNA (ctDNA), combination biomarker strategies. The also addresses multivariable models integrating multiple features tumors, TIME, which could be a approach to enhance accuracy. existing challenges are pointed out, heterogeneity, inconstant nature nonuniformed thresholds standardization approaches. concludes by emphasizing importance research realizing personalized immunotherapy, with goal improving patient selection, strategies, overall treatment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 1247 - 1247
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024
Many studies on gastric cancer treatment have identified predictors of immunotherapy benefits. This article provides an update the major developments in research related to predictive factors for cancer. We used search term “predictive factors, immunotherapy, cancer” find most current publications PubMed database Programmed cell death, genetic, and immunological are main study topics immunotherapy’s Other preventive were also found, including clinical tumor microenvironment imaging extracellular factors. Since there is currently no effective cancer, we strongly propose that these be prioritized.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1