Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
Therapeutic
strategies
targeting
non-adaptive
immune
cells
are
currently
in
clinical
development.
γδT
a
small
subtype
of
T
(1-10%
total
cells)
that
mediate
their
effector
function
without
the
necessity
antigen
presenting
machinery,
and
also
share
functional
properties
with
innate
cells.
Among
different
subtypes,
antibodies
against
Vγ9Vδ2T
have
reported
signs
efficacy
early
studies.
In
this
review
we
describe
biology
non-conventional
provide
insights
into
mechanism
action
novel
activate
these
We
will
focus
on
BTN3A
ligand
bi-specific
cell
engagers.
detail
advantages
including
potential
for
overcoming
mechanisms
resistance
to
check
point
inhibitors,
or
much
more
adequate
safety
profile
compared
agents
activating
classical
Limitations
identified
during
first
studies
humans
overcome
them
be
revised
discussed.
Finally,
options
future
development
suggested.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Май 22, 2025
Tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes
(TILs)
are
a
diverse
population
of
immune
cells
that
play
central
role
in
tumor
immunity
and
have
emerged
as
critical
mediators
cancer
immunotherapy.
This
review
explores
the
phenotypic
functional
diversity
TILs-including
CD8+
cytotoxic
T
cells,
CD4+
helper
regulatory
B
natural
killer
(NK)
cells-and
their
dynamic
interactions
within
microenvironment
(TME).
While
TILs
can
drive
regression,
activity
is
often
hindered
by
checkpoint
signaling,
metabolic
exhaustion,
stromal
exclusion.
We
highlight
TIL
recruitment,
activation,
polarization
mechanisms,
focusing
on
chemokine
gradients,
endothelial
adhesion
molecules,
dendritic
cell-mediated
priming.
Special
emphasis
placed
preclinical
models
evaluate
function,
including
3D
spheroids,
organoid
co-cultures,
syngeneic
mouse
models,
humanized
systems.
These
provide
valuable
platforms
for
optimizing
TIL-based
therapies.
Furthermore,
we
examine
prognostic
predictive
value
across
types,
adoptive
cell
therapy,
challenges
translating
success
into
clinical
efficacy.
Emerging
technologies
such
single-cell
sequencing,
neoantigen
prediction,
biomaterial
transforming
our
understanding
biology
enhancing
therapeutic
potential.
Innovative
strategies-ranging
from
genetic
engineering
combination
therapies
to
targeted
modulation
TME-are
being
developed
overcome
resistance
mechanisms
improve
persistence,
infiltration,
cytotoxicity.
integrates
current
advances
research
offering
comprehensive
foundation
future
translation.
hold
significant
promise
both
biomarkers
agents,
with
continued
innovation,
they
poised
become
cornerstone
personalized
Holistic Integrative Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024
Abstract
Purpose
This
review
primarily
discusses
the
current
research
advance
of
predictive
biomarkers
for
melanoma
immunotherapy.
The
aim
present
is
to
summarize
and
evaluate
advantages
disadvantages.
Methods
All
reference
can
be
found
through
Pubmed.
mainly
focuses
on
three
main
directions:
tumor-related
factors,
host
tumor
microenvironment.
In
end,
there
exhibits
some
unusual
aspects
forecasts
future
model.
Results
mainsteam
PD-L1,
TMB,
gene
mutations,
immune
cells,
IDO1,
LDH,
tertiary
lymphoid
structures
(TLS),
HLA-DR,
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes
(TILs),
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs).
Conclusion
immunotherapy
divided
into
parts:
include
TLS,
TAMs,
TILs,
EVs.
A
model
based
multiple
expected
become
answer
predicting
prognosis.
In
this
webinar,
our
panelists
will
discuss
recent
developments
and
challenges
for
adoptive
cell
therapies
cancer
treatment.
Our
speakers
introduce
the
different
therapeutic
approaches
(tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes-therapy,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T,
CAR-NK,
CAR-macrophages).
The
presentations
be
followed
by
a
panel
discussion
Q
A
session.
webinar
hosted
[Nature
Communications](https://www.nature.com/ncomms/)
[Communications
Medicine](https://www.nature.com/commsmed)
editors.
journals
also
invite
you
to
consider
related
collection
on
[Immune
engineering
therapy](https://www.nature.com/collections/dahdifegah),
welcoming
future
submissions.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
Therapeutic
strategies
targeting
non-adaptive
immune
cells
are
currently
in
clinical
development.
γδT
a
small
subtype
of
T
(1-10%
total
cells)
that
mediate
their
effector
function
without
the
necessity
antigen
presenting
machinery,
and
also
share
functional
properties
with
innate
cells.
Among
different
subtypes,
antibodies
against
Vγ9Vδ2T
have
reported
signs
efficacy
early
studies.
In
this
review
we
describe
biology
non-conventional
provide
insights
into
mechanism
action
novel
activate
these
We
will
focus
on
BTN3A
ligand
bi-specific
cell
engagers.
detail
advantages
including
potential
for
overcoming
mechanisms
resistance
to
check
point
inhibitors,
or
much
more
adequate
safety
profile
compared
agents
activating
classical
Limitations
identified
during
first
studies
humans
overcome
them
be
revised
discussed.
Finally,
options
future
development
suggested.
