Exploration of Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Neoantigen vaccines are a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy that leverage tumor-specific mutations to elicit targeted immune responses. Although they have considerable potential, development challenges related antigen prediction accuracy, manufacturing complexity, and scalability remain key obstacles their widespread clinical use. This literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases identify relevant studies. Keywords included “neoantigen vaccines,” “personalized immunotherapy,” “tumor heterogeneity,” “bioinformatics pipelines,” “prediction algorithms”. Clinical trial data were sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov, Trialtrove, other publicly available registries. Eligible studies peer-reviewed research articles, systematic reviews, trials focusing on neoantigen vaccine development, bioinformatic strategies, immunotherapy. Tumor heterogeneity clonal evolution significantly impact efficacy, necessitating multi-epitope targeting adaptive design. Current algorithms suffer high false-positive false-negative rates, requiring further integration with multi-omics machine learning enhance accuracy. Manufacturing remains complex, time-intensive, costly, advancements standardization automation. Combination therapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors adoptive cell counteract the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, improving treatment outcomes. hold great potential for personalized therapy but require bioinformatics, scalability, immunomodulatory strategies efficacy. Continued interdisciplinary collaboration essential refining applications.

Язык: Английский