The Role of NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Evasion Strategies, and Therapeutic Advances DOI Creative Commons

Paula Morcillo-Martín-Romo,

Javier Valverde-Pozo,

María Ortiz-Bueno

и другие.

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 857 - 857

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Background/Objectives: Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in tumor surveillance by exerting cytotoxic activity and modulating immune responses. However, tumors employ diverse evasion strategies that limit NK cell effectiveness. This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of activation inhibition cancer, influence microenvironment, latest advancements cell-based immunotherapies, including adoptive transfer Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer (CAR-NK) therapies. Methods: A comprehensive literature was conducted, prioritizing peer-reviewed studies from last decade on biology, evasion, immunotherapeutic applications. The analysis includes data preclinical models clinical trials evaluating expansion strategies, cytokine-based stimulation, CAR-NK therapy developments. Results: eliminate through granule release, death receptor pathways, cytokine secretion. evade NK-mediated immunity downregulating activating ligands, secreting immunosuppressive molecules, altering microenvironment. Novel therapies, such as combination approaches with checkpoint inhibitors, enhance persistence therapeutic efficacy against both hematologic solid malignancies. Clinical suggest improved safety profiles compared CAR-T reduced release syndrome graft-versus-host disease. Conclusions: While immunotherapies hold great promise, challenges remain, limited tumor-induced immunosuppression. Addressing these hurdles will be critical for optimizing therapies advancing next-generation, off-the-shelf immunotherapeutics broader

Язык: Английский

Multi-omics in immunotherapy research for HNSCC: present situation and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Xuan-Hao Liu, Guang-Rui Wang, Nian‐Nian Zhong

и другие.

npj Precision Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Март 29, 2025

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, significantly impacting patient survival quality of life. The recent emergence immunotherapy has provided new hope for HNSCC patients, improving rates; however, only 15%–20% patients benefit, side effects are inevitable. With advancements in omics technologies growing prevalence bioinformatics research, immune microenvironment become increasingly well understood, molecular mechanisms underlying responses continue to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize commonly used techniques their applications research immunotherapy, including predicting enhancing efficacy, formulating personalized treatment plans, establishing robust preclinical models, identifying targets. Finally, explore future perspective terms sequencing samples, data integration analysis, emerging technologies, clinicopathological features, interdisciplinary approaches.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
The Role of NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Evasion Strategies, and Therapeutic Advances DOI Creative Commons

Paula Morcillo-Martín-Romo,

Javier Valverde-Pozo,

María Ortiz-Bueno

и другие.

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 857 - 857

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Background/Objectives: Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in tumor surveillance by exerting cytotoxic activity and modulating immune responses. However, tumors employ diverse evasion strategies that limit NK cell effectiveness. This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of activation inhibition cancer, influence microenvironment, latest advancements cell-based immunotherapies, including adoptive transfer Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Natural Killer (CAR-NK) therapies. Methods: A comprehensive literature was conducted, prioritizing peer-reviewed studies from last decade on biology, evasion, immunotherapeutic applications. The analysis includes data preclinical models clinical trials evaluating expansion strategies, cytokine-based stimulation, CAR-NK therapy developments. Results: eliminate through granule release, death receptor pathways, cytokine secretion. evade NK-mediated immunity downregulating activating ligands, secreting immunosuppressive molecules, altering microenvironment. Novel therapies, such as combination approaches with checkpoint inhibitors, enhance persistence therapeutic efficacy against both hematologic solid malignancies. Clinical suggest improved safety profiles compared CAR-T reduced release syndrome graft-versus-host disease. Conclusions: While immunotherapies hold great promise, challenges remain, limited tumor-induced immunosuppression. Addressing these hurdles will be critical for optimizing therapies advancing next-generation, off-the-shelf immunotherapeutics broader

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0