Dynamic landscapes of fear: understanding spatiotemporal risk

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(10), С. 911 - 925

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Responses of black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) to observers holding popguns: Adult and juvenile gulls differ

Journal for Nature Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 84, С. 126824 - 126824

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Gender as a factor differentiating the perceptions of safety in urban parks

Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(3), С. 101608 - 101608

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate how gender differentiates the perception safety in urban parks. Gender recognized relation selected, most important factors providing a sense security classified into 6 groups: visibility, technical condition, cleanliness, external protection, other park users, and mobility facilities, order identify those them which are significant for women as group considered be more insecure public spaces than men. Survey questionnaires were administrated sample randomly selected users Poland (N = 394; men women) asked indicate importance particular context perceived safety. results showed statistically differences between groups male female respondents case half factors. This knowledge is crucial designing inclusive parks, so that they can meet needs expectations both users.

Язык: Английский

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Prey tells, large herbivores fear the human ‘super predator’

Oecologia, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 198(1), С. 91 - 98

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Fear of predators in free-living wildlife reduces population growth over generations

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(7)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2022

Correctly assessing the total impact of predators on prey population growth rates (lambda, λ) is critical to comprehending importance in species conservation and wildlife management. Experiments over past decade have demonstrated that fear (antipredator responses) inspire can affect fecundity early offspring survival free-living wildlife, but recent reviews highlighted absence evidence experimentally linking such effects significant impacts growth. We manipulated wild songbird populations three annual breeding seasons by intermittently broadcasting playbacks either predator or nonpredator vocalizations comprehensively quantified all components growth, together with a transgenerational as adults. Fear itself significantly reduced rate (predator playback mean λ = 0.91, 95% CI 0.80 1.04; 1.06, 0.96 1.16) causing cumulative, compounding adverse every component survival, resulting parents producing 53% fewer recruits adult population. was consequently projected halve size just 5 years, 4 years when additionally considered (λ 0.85). Our results not only demonstrate comparing them those from hundreds manipulation experiments indicates may constitute very considerable part predators.

Язык: Английский

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Playbacks of predator vocalizations reduce crop damage by ungulates

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 328, С. 107853 - 107853

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2022

Wild ungulates are a major consumer of agricultural crops in human dominated landscapes. Across Europe, ungulate populations leading to intensified human-wildlife conflicts. At the same time, play vital role structuring and functioning ecosystems, highly appreciated for recreational hunting. Thus, managers often face challenge maintaining benefits having thriving while simultaneously minimizing their negative impacts. Broadcasting playbacks predator vocalizations (e.g. dogs barking, wolves howling or humans talking) could potentially be used induce fear thereby displace steer behavior from conflict-prone sites resulting reduced visitation foraging time consumption. Predator playback experiments wilderness areas have repeatedly demonstrated reduce preys´ resource use impacts on surrounding landscape, but this has not been tested fields where human-ungulate conflicts most pronounced. We responded need by conducting experiment multiple crop southern Sweden, species (fallow deer, roe red moose, wild boar) coexist, using novel integrated camera trap – speaker system (ABRs) that broadcasts sounds choice when is triggered an ungulate. (wolf, dog, human) deer patch damage wheat more than control (owl, goose, raven). Our results confirm findings previous studies areas, demonstrate broadcasting ABRs may provide effective tool at scale duration our study.

Язык: Английский

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Fear of the human “super predator” pervades the South African savanna

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(21), С. 4689 - 4696.e4

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Capturing wild animal welfare: a physiological perspective

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 99(1), С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2023

ABSTRACT Affective states, such as emotions, are presumably widespread across the animal kingdom because of adaptive advantages they supposed to confer. However, study affective states animals has thus far been largely restricted enhancing welfare managed by humans in non‐natural contexts. Given diversity wild and variable conditions can experience, extending studies on natural that most experience will allow us broaden deepen our general understanding welfare. Yet, this same makes examining highly challenging. There is therefore a need for unifying theoretical frameworks methodological approaches guide researchers keen engage promising research area. The aim article help advance important area highlighting central relationship between physiology rectify its apparent oversight, revealed current scientific literature animals. Moreover, emphasises including physiological markers assess (e.g. objectivity, comparability, condition range, temporality), well their concomitant limitations only access peripheral with complex relationships states). Best‐practice recommendations replication multifactorial approaches) also provided be used effectively appropriately when assessing habitat. This review seeks provide foundation new distinct vast applied potential: physiology.

Язык: Английский

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Fear of the human ‘super predator’ in native marsupials and introduced deer in Australia

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 291(2023)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Recent experiments have demonstrated that carnivores and ungulates in Africa, Asia, Europe North America fear the human 'super predator' far more than other predators. Australian mammals been a focus of research on predator naiveté because it is suspected they show atypical antipredator responses. To experimentally test if Australia also most humans, we quantified responses four native marsupials (eastern grey kangaroo, Bennett's wallaby, Tasmanian pademelon, common brushtail possum) introduced fallow deer to playbacks (human, dog, devil, wolf) or non-predator control (sheep) vocalizations. Native feared predator', fleeing humans 2.4 times often next frightening (dogs), being most, significantly, vigilant humans. These results demonstrate are not naïve peril pose, substantially expanding taxonomic geographic scope growing experimental evidence wildlife worldwide generally perceive as planet's predator. Introduced fled but predators, which suggest may result from their introduced. Our point both challenges concerning marsupial conservation opportunities for exploiting management tool.

Язык: Английский

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From fear to food: predation risk shapes deer behaviour, their resources and forest vegetation

Peer Community Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

The "ecology of fear" posits that predation risk shapes the behaviour large herbivores, their foraging patterns, habitat selection and consequent effect on forest ecology. To test some these predictions we used extensive empirical experimental data vegetation cover composition, deer anti-predator behaviour, collected at study sites with different histories hunting natural in Haida Gwaii archipelago nearby areas coastal British Columbia (Canada). Because also forage intertidal, a hypothetically more exposed to risk, analysed how affected intertidal by measuring proportion marine versus terrestrial stable isotopes bone collagen. In absence had strong negative understory plant composition. populations remarkable tolerance human presence (short flight initiation travel distances when disturbed), willingness consume foreign bait or investigate baited traps, propensity be active daytime. Where faced long-term predators, understories were denser diverse resembled those forests never deer. Severe culling initially without dramatically increased vegetation, although composition from one predators hunting, Deer born after exhibited longer fleeing, reluctance night-time foraging. translocation unwary population island where culls partially restored showed was not significantly modified abundant higher-quality forage. This contrasted wary observed local culls. Finally, hunters and/or less likely this trend might be, extent, resources understory. We interpreted our results as evidence is key shaping, potentially selecting for, lasting behavioural contrasts between populations, intimately connected effects diversity, ecological networks, ecosystem complexity.

Язык: Английский

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