Phenotypic variation in urban environments: mechanisms and implications

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 37(2), С. 171 - 182

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2021

Язык: Английский

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A global horizon scan for urban evolutionary ecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(11), С. 1006 - 1019

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A global meta‐analysis reveals higher variation in breeding phenology in urban birds than in their non‐urban neighbours

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(11), С. 2552 - 2570

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022

Cities pose a major ecological challenge for wildlife worldwide. Phenotypic variation, which can result from underlying genetic variation or plasticity, is an important metric to understand eco-evolutionary responses environmental change. Recent work suggests that urban populations might have higher levels of phenotypic than non-urban counterparts. This prediction, however, has never been tested across species nor over broad geographical range. Here, we conducted meta-analysis the avian literature compare versus means and in phenology (i.e. lay date) reproductive effort clutch size, number fledglings). First, show reproduce earlier smaller broods conspecifics. Second, laying date populations. arises differences between within breeding seasons, conceivably due landscape heterogeneity habitats. These findings reveal novel effect urbanisation on animal life histories with potential implications adaptation environments (which will require further investigation). The birds subjected disturbance could plastic heterogeneous environment, phenology, possibly linked evolutionary potential.

Язык: Английский

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When will a changing climate outpace adaptive evolution?

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Abstract Decades of research have illuminated the underlying ingredients that determine scope evolutionary responses to climate change. The field biology therefore stands ready take what it has learned about influences upon rate adaptive evolution—such as population demography, generation time, and standing genetic variation—and apply assess if how populations can evolve fast enough “keep pace” with Here, our review highlights contribute still needs learn provide more mechanistic predictions winners losers We begin by developing broad for contemporary evolution change based on theory. then discuss methods assessing climate‐driven evolution, including quantitative studies, experimental space‐for‐time substitutions. After providing this mechanism‐focused overview both evidence specifically, evolving keep pace change, we next consider factors limit actual responses. In context, dual role phenotypic plasticity in facilitating but also impeding Finally, detail a deeper consideration constraints improve forecasts inform conservation management decisions. This article is categorized under: Climate, Ecology, Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes Extinction Risk Assessing Impacts Climate Change Evaluating Future

Язык: Английский

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Quantifying spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of urban shrinkage in China within a multidimensional framework:A case study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Sustainable Cities and Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 91, С. 104452 - 104452

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The effects of urban life on animal immunity: Adaptations and constraints

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 895, С. 165085 - 165085

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2023

Land transformation, including urbanization, is a dominant form of anthropogenic change to the global environment at dawn Anthropocene epoch. More and more species are brought into direct contact with humans, being either required develop broad-scale adaptations urban or filtered out from urbanized areas. While behavioural physiological forefront biology research, there accumulating evidence for divergent pathogen pressure across urbanization gradients, requiring adjustments in host immune function. At same time, immunity may be constrained by unfavourable components an environment, such as poor-quality food resources, disturbance, pollution. Here, I reviewed existing constrains system animals, focusing on recent implementation metabarcoding, genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic approaches research. show that spatial variation non-urban landscapes highly complex context-dependent, but solid pathogen-driven immunostimulation urban-dwelling animals. also genes coding molecules directly involved interactions pathogens prime candidates immunogenetic life. Evidence emerging landscape genomics transcriptomics life have polygenic nature, traits not among key biological functions experiencing microevolutionary changes response urbanization. Finally, provided recommendations future i) better integration different 'omic' obtain complete picture non-model animal taxa, ii) quantification fitness phenotypes genotypes gradient, iii) much broader taxonomic coverage (including invertebrates) necessary draw robust conclusions how general (or taxa-specific) responses animals

Язык: Английский

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Adaptation to urban environments

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 51, С. 100893 - 100893

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 98(5), С. 1530 - 1547

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

ABSTRACT Urban ecology is a rapidly growing research field that has to keep pace with the pressing need tackle sustainability crisis. As an inherently multi‐disciplinary close ties practitioners and administrators, synthesis knowledge transfer between those different stakeholders crucial. Knowledge maps can enhance provide orientation researchers as well practitioners. A promising option for developing such create hypothesis networks, which structure existing hypotheses aggregate them according topics aims. Combining expert information from literature, we here identify 62 used in urban link network. Our network clusters into four distinct themes: ( i ) species traits & evolution, ii biotic communities, iii habitats iv ecosystems. We discuss potentials limitations of this approach. All openly provided part extendable Wikidata project, invite researchers, others interested contribute additional hypotheses, comment add ones. The project form first step towards base ecology, be expanded curated benefit both researchers.

Язык: Английский

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Urban refugia sheltering biodiversity across world cities

Urban Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(1), С. 219 - 230

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2023

Abstract Over the last years, world cities have emerged as multiple and complex habitats hosting numerous varied urban refugia for biodiversity. Therefore, published literature was systematically reviewed to investigate increasingly acknowledged role of many function species. Many plants animals were reported colonize a variety environments: Urban forest/grassland (natural/seminatural), City park, Historical park (villa garden, botanical gardens, cemeteries, etc.), Green spaces (abandoned areas, railways, line trees, Water body, Built area. Refugia found in over hundred cities, especially medium- very big-size cities. The number papers focusing on (n = 66) higher than those regarding mushrooms 19 n 1, respectively); however, species recorded within highest plants. Plants exhibited frequency (7 out papers) while (20 66 papers). In most studies (25.9%), linked that is terrestrial natural seminatural sites widespread or around 22.3% referred generic several types interspersed both public private. 14.1% area (artificial). About 33% presence worthy conservation (rare, endemic, endangered, protected) total 365 20% investigated alien 879 Invasive refugium areas should be subjected control measures prevent degradation refugia. Overall, capability host huge amount biodiversity needs by city planners so management practices maintain support such diversity can pursued. Recording monitoring along with their refugial fundamental achieve this goal.

Язык: Английский

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Urban insect bioarks of the 21st century

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57, С. 101028 - 101028

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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