Carbon sequestration in the subsoil and the time required to stabilize carbon for climate change mitigation

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Soils store large quantities of carbon in the subsoil (below 0.2 m depth) that is generally old and believed to be stabilized over centuries millennia, which suggests sequestration (CS) can used as a strategy for climate change mitigation. In this article, we review main biophysical processes contribute storage mathematical models represent these processes. Our guiding objective whether process understanding soil movement vertical profile help us assess persistence at timescales relevant Bioturbation, liquid phase transport, belowground inputs, mineral association, microbial activity are contributing formation profiles, represented using diffusion-advection-reaction paradigm. Based on simulation examples measurements from radiocarbon profiles across biomes, found advective diffusive transport may only play secondary role profiles. The difference between root inputs decomposition seems primary determining shape with depth. Using transit time new show small travel through horizons longer than 50 years, implying activities promote CS must take into consideration very long term.

Язык: Английский

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Toward soil carbon storage: The influence of parent material and vegetation on profile-scale microbial community structure and necromass accumulation

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 193, С. 109399 - 109399

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The taxonomic and genomic attributes of oligotrophic soil bacteria

ISME Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Not all bacteria are fast growers. In soil as in other environments, exist along a continuum—from copiotrophs that can grow rapidly under resource-rich conditions to oligotrophs adapted life the “slow lane.” However, field of microbiology is built almost exclusively on study due, part, ease studying them vitro. To begin understanding attributes oligotrophs, we analyzed three independent datasets represent contrasts organic carbon availability. These included 185 samples collected from profiles across USA, 950 paired bulk and rhizosphere Europe, soils microcosm experiment where availability was manipulated directly. Using combination marker gene sequencing targeted genomic analyses, identified specific oligotrophic taxa were consistently more abundant carbon-limited environments (subsurface, bulk, unamended soils) compared corresponding carbon-rich environment (surface, rhizosphere, glucose-amended soils), including members Dormibacterota Chloroflexi phyla. general, putative had smaller genomes, slower maximum potential growth rates, under-represented culture collections. The genomes likely be enriched pathways allow metabolize range energy sources store carbon, while genes associated with energy-intensive functions like chemotaxis motility under-represented. few shared, highlighting use different metabolic strategies regulatory thrive resource-limited soils.

Язык: Английский

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Perennial cropping systems increased topsoil carbon and nitrogen stocks over annual systems—a nine-year field study

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 365, С. 108925 - 108925

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Enhancing biomass yield simultaneously with soil carbon (C) sequestration is a key aim of climate-smart cropping systems. Perennialization believed to be suitable mitigation strategy for climate change the potential enhancing C stocks. Based on nine-year field experiment in Denmark, we measured changes and nitrogen (N) stocks, yield, stability three perennial (low-fertilized miscanthus, high-fertilized festulolium, no N-fertilized grass-legume mixture) two annual (continuous triticale maize) We found that topsoil (0–20 cm) 0–100 cm stocks N varied significantly between Over nine years, increased by an average 1.4 Mg ha−1 systems, while they decreased 3.4 The 6.8 systems 2.3 system, but 2.5 maize system. Topsoil 0.18 0.08 Changes did not differ Miscanthus, showed highest (17.1, 16.7, 16.4 year−1, respectively). There were significant differences among stability. This study demonstrated obtaining higher compared maintaining high supporting perennialization as promising option agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Estimation of blue carbon stock in the Liaohe Estuary wetland based on soil thickness and multi-scenario modeling

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 171, С. 113201 - 113201

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Different responses of priming effects in long-term nitrogen- and phosphorus-fertilized soils to exogenous carbon inputs

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 500(1-2), С. 647 - 663

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Storage and Distribution of Organic Carbon and Nutrients in Acidic Soils Developed on Sulfidic Sediments: The Roles of Reactive Iron and Macropores

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(21), С. 9200 - 9212

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

In a boreal acidic sulfate-rich subsoil (pH 3–4) developing on sulfidic and organic-rich sediments over the past 70 years, extensive brownish-to-yellowish layers have formed macropores. Our data reveal that these ("macropore surfaces") are strongly enriched in 1 M HCl-extractable reactive iron (2–7% dry weight), largely bound to schwertmannite 2-line ferrihydrite. These phases trap large pools of labile organic matter (OM) phosphorus, possibly derived from cultivated layer. Within soil aggregates, OM is different nature macropore surfaces but similar underlying (C-horizon). This provides evidence sedimentary bulk has been preserved without significant decomposition and/or fractionation, likely due physiochemical stabilization by also existed abundantly within aggregates. findings not only highlight important yet underappreciated roles oxyhydroxysulfates OM/nutrient storage distribution other environments suggest subsoils systems (existing widely coastal plains worldwide being increasingly thawing permafrost) may act as global sinks for nutrients short run.

Язык: Английский

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Amount, distribution and controls of the soil organic carbon storage loss in the degraded China's grasslands

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 944, С. 173848 - 173848

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity restated: > 99.9% of global species in Soil Biota

ZooKeys, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1224, С. 283 - 316

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

More than a decade of research led to the conclusion in 2022 that Soil Biome is home ~ 2.1 × 10 24 taxa and thus supports > 99.9% global species biodiversity, mostly Bacteria or other microbes, based upon topographic field data. A subsequent 2023 report tabulated central value just 1.04 claiming soils had 59 ± 15%, i.e., 44–74% (or truly 10–50%?) total, while incidentally confirming upper values 90% for soil Bacteria. Incompatibility these two studies reviewed, supporting prior biodiversity data with vast majority inhabiting soils, despite excluding viruses (now 5 31 virions 26 most, 80%, soils). The status Oligochaeta (earthworms) marked “?” paper are clarified. Although biota totals increased considerably, inordinate threats topsoil erosion poisoning yet pertain finality extinction. Species affected include Keystone taxa, especially earthworms essential healthy foundation sustain Tree-of-Life Earth.

Язык: Английский

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Moisture and soil depth govern relationships between soil organic carbon and oxalate-extractable metals at the global scale

Biogeochemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 168(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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