Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
95(1), С. 167 - 183
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2019
ABSTRACT
Soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
is
a
valuable
resource
for
mediating
global
climate
change
and
securing
food
production.
Despite
an
alarming
rate
of
plant
diversity
loss,
uncertainties
concerning
the
effects
on
SOC
remain,
because
not
only
stimulates
litter
inputs
via
increased
productivity,
thus
enhancing
SOC,
but
also
microbial
respiration,
reducing
SOC.
By
analysing
1001
paired
observations
mixtures
corresponding
monocultures
from
121
publications,
we
show
that
both
content
stock
are
average
5
8%
higher
in
species
than
monocultures.
These
positive
mixture
increase
over
time
more
pronounced
deeper
soils.
Microbial
biomass
carbon,
indicator
release
formation,
increases,
proportion
lower
mixtures.
Moreover,
these
species‐mixture
consistent
across
forest,
grassland,
cropland
systems
independent
background
climates.
Our
results
indicate
converting
50%
forests
to
would
2.70
Pg
C
soil
annually
period
20
years:
about
30%
annual
fossil‐fuel
emissions.
study
highlights
importance
preservation
maintenance
sequestration
discussions
policy.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
232(3), С. 973 - 1122
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021
Summary
In
the
context
of
a
recent
massive
increase
in
research
on
plant
root
functions
and
their
impact
environment,
ecologists
currently
face
many
important
challenges
to
keep
generating
cutting‐edge,
meaningful
integrated
knowledge.
Consideration
below‐ground
components
ecosystem
studies
has
been
consistently
called
for
decades,
but
methodology
is
disparate
sometimes
inappropriate.
This
handbook,
based
collective
effort
large
team
experts,
will
improve
trait
comparisons
across
integration
information
databases
by
providing
standardised
methods
controlled
vocabularies.
It
meant
be
used
not
only
as
starting
point
students
scientists
who
desire
working
ecosystems,
also
experts
consolidating
broadening
views
multiple
aspects
ecology.
Beyond
classical
compilation
measurement
protocols,
we
have
synthesised
recommendations
from
literature
provide
key
background
knowledge
useful
for:
(1)
defining
entities
giving
keys
dissection,
classification
naming
beyond
fine‐root
vs
coarse‐root
approach;
(2)
considering
specificity
produce
sound
laboratory
field
data;
(3)
describing
typical,
overlooked
steps
studying
roots
(e.g.
handling,
cleaning
storage);
(4)
gathering
metadata
necessary
interpretation
results
reuse.
Most
importantly,
all
traits
introduced
with
some
degree
ecological
that
foundation
understanding
meaning,
typical
use
uncertainties,
methodological
conceptual
perspectives
future
research.
Considering
this,
urge
readers
solely
extract
protocol
measurements
this
work,
take
moment
read
reflect
extensive
contained
broader
guide
ecology,
including
sections
I–VII
introductions
each
section
description.
Finally,
it
critical
understand
major
aim
help
break
down
barriers
between
subdisciplines
ecology
ecophysiology,
broaden
researchers’
study
create
favourable
conditions
inception
comprehensive
experiments
role
functioning.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
618(7967), С. 981 - 985
Опубликована: Май 24, 2023
Abstract
Soils
store
more
carbon
than
other
terrestrial
ecosystems
1,2
.
How
soil
organic
(SOC)
forms
and
persists
remains
uncertain
1,3
,
which
makes
it
challenging
to
understand
how
will
respond
climatic
change
3,4
It
has
been
suggested
that
microorganisms
play
an
important
role
in
SOC
formation,
preservation
loss
5–7
Although
affect
the
accumulation
of
matter
through
many
pathways
4,6,8–11
microbial
use
efficiency
(CUE)
is
integrative
metric
can
capture
balance
these
processes
12,13
CUE
potential
act
as
a
predictor
variation
storage,
persistence
unresolved
7,14,15
Here
we
examine
relationship
between
SOC,
interactions
with
climate,
vegetation
edaphic
properties,
using
combination
global-scale
datasets,
microbial-process
explicit
model,
data
assimilation,
deep
learning
meta-analysis.
We
find
at
least
four
times
evaluated
factors,
such
input,
decomposition
or
vertical
transport,
determining
storage
its
spatial
across
globe.
In
addition,
shows
positive
correlation
content.
Our
findings
point
major
determinant
global
storage.
Understanding
underlying
their
environmental
dependence
may
help
prediction
feedback
changing
climate.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2019
The
modification
of
soil
organic
matter
(SOM)
decomposition
by
plant
carbon
(C)
input
(priming
effect)
represents
a
critical
biogeochemical
process
that
controls
C
dynamics.
However,
the
patterns
and
drivers
priming
effect
remain
hidden,
especially
over
broad
geographic
scales
under
various
climate
conditions.
By
combining
systematic
field
laboratory
analyses
based
on
multiple
analytical
statistical
approaches,
we
explore
determinants
intensity
along
2200
km
grassland
transect
Tibetan
Plateau.
Our
results
show
SOM
stability
characterized
chemical
recalcitrance
physico-chemical
protection
explains
more
variance
in
than
plant,
microbial
properties.
High
(up
to
137%
basal
respiration)
is
associated
with
complex
structures
low
mineral-organic
associations.
dependence
stabilization
mechanisms
should
be
considered
Earth
System
Models
accurately
predict
dynamics
changing
environments.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
230(1), С. 60 - 65
Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2020
Summary
From
recent
developments
on
how
roots
affect
soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
an
apparent
paradox
has
emerged
where
drive
SOC
stabilization
causing
accrual,
but
also
destabilization
loss.
We
synthesize
current
results
and
propose
the
new
Rhizo‐Engine
framework
consisting
of
two
linked
components:
microbial
turnover
physicochemical
matrix.
The
is
driven
by
rhizodeposition,
root
turnover,
plant
uptake
nutrients
water,
thereby
accelerating
through
both
mechanisms.
This
emphasizes
need
for
a
more
holistic
approach
to
study
root‐driven
dynamics.
would
provide
better
understanding
effects
sequestration
sensitivity
stocks
climate
land‐use
changes.
Soil
organic
carbon
formation
remains
poorly
understood
despite
its
importance
for
human
livelihoods.
Uncertainties
remain
the
relative
contributions
of
aboveground,
root,
and
rhizodeposition
inputs
to
particulate
(POC)
mineral-associated
(MAOC)
fractions.
Combining
a
novel
framework
with
isotope
tracer
studies,
we
quantified
POC
MAOC
efficiencies
(%
C-inputs
incorporated
into
each
fraction).
We
found
that
have
highest
efficiency
(46%)
as
compared
roots
(9%)
or
aboveground
(7%).
In
addition,
unexpectedly
reduced
formation,
likely
because
it
increased
decomposition
rates
new
POC.
Conversely,
root
biomass
(19%).
Therefore,
appear
play
opposite
but
complementary
roles
building
