Association of arterial structure and function with incident cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline

Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of Grip Strength Thresholds for Stroke Management and Prevention in South Korean Older Adults

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(7), С. 781 - 781

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Muscle weakness in older adults is associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. However, its association stroke prevalence remains underexplored. This study aimed to analyze the absolute grip strength (AGS) weight-adjusted relative (RGS) thresholds for prediction South Korean assess their sex-specific predictive ability. Data from 5185 (2231 men; 2954 women) Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES, 2014-2018) were analyzed using complex sampling methods. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed determine AGS RGS performance, while multivariate logistic regression used adjust confounders independent effects. In men, both demonstrated significant ability stroke, AUCs of 0.637 0.623, respectively. women, (AUC: 0.608) 0.615) predictive; however, only management (odds ratio (OR): 3.026; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.541-5.943). (OR: 3.544, CI, 2.094-5.998) 2.585, 1.529-4.369) significant. The 28.55 kg 0.47 men 0.36 women. provide practical indicators risk based on differences, highlighting potential public health clinical applications. Future studies should investigate type, severity, additional functional fitness indices.

Язык: Английский

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Phonocardiography based pulse wave velocity system for non-occlusive assessment of arterial stiffness

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Arterial stiffness is strongly associated with vascular aging and pathology can be assessed in many ways. Existing devices for measuring central arterial stiffness, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), are limited by high costs the need specialized expertise, limiting widespread clinical adoption. This study introduces a semi- non-occlusive PWV measurement system using phonocardiography (PCG) plethysmography (PPG) single femoral pressure cuff, aiming to address these limitations. We conducted comparing semi-occlusive (carotid-femoral PWV) (carotid-toe PCG-based measurements across cohort of 63 volunteers, compared literature reference values. Results demonstrated strong correlations between our measures (PWV carotid−femoral : 8.42 ± 3.99 m/s vs. carotid−toe 10.62 3.86 m/s) age significant predictor r 2 = 0.45; 0.28, p < 0.05). Ultrasound measured distensibility assessments confirmed reliability PCG approach reflecting dynamics, particularly at aortic level. Test–retest analyses yielded intraclass correlation coefficients (0.75 ≤ ICC 90), indicating robust repeatability method. highlights feasibility accuracy low-cost, semi systems enhance accessibility assessments, potentially easing cardiovascular risk stratification.

Язык: Английский

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Brain Ischemia in Alzheimer’s Disease May Partly Counteract the Disruption of the Blood–Brain Barrier

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 269 - 269

Опубликована: Март 2, 2025

Background: In normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) there is blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which should increase the CSF formation rate (CSFfr) and, therefore, also intracranial (ICP). However, ICP in NPH. A lumped parameter study was performed to look at interrelation between ICP, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and degree of BBB disruption The model suggested that CSFfr could be reduced this condition if moderated by a reduction capillary transmural (TMP) secondary arteriolar constriction CBF. early Alzheimer’s disease (AD), global ischemia. This raises possibility same physiology may occur AD as occurs Methods: previously used describe hydrodynamics NPH modified investigate effects changes patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) AD. Results: indicates average TMP MCI, but decreases progresses. Removing during tap test initially increases TMP. brain responds increasing its level ischemia, reduces Conclusions: hypothesis put forward partially mitigated making itself ischemic. Modelling gives support hypothesis. can suggest cause for development ischemic neuronal loss amyloid accumulation glymphatic

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in middle cerebral artery reactivity and hemodynamics independent from changes in systemic arterial stiffness in Sprague–Dawley rats

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract The mechanisms of sex differences in cerebrovascular function are not well understood. In this study, we determined whether middle cerebral artery (MCA) reactivity accompanied with changes or systemic arterial resistance and stiffness young adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. No systolic diastolic blood pressures were observed between sexes. Heart rate was higher the female versus male SD. Left MCA pulsatility index (PI) lower left intracranial internal carotid (ICA) PI There no thoracic aorta common pulse wave velocity (PWV) isolated segments, had contraction to potassium, but similar maximal sensitivity thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619. Pre‐incubation indomethacin lowered response U46619 MCA. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase vascular smooth muscle layer immunoreactivity greater We conclude that associated a differential functional profile SD rats independent from PWV.

Язык: Английский

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Association Between Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcome: A Secondary Analysis of the OPTIMAL‐BP Trial

Stroke Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

BACKGROUND The link between arterial stiffness, measured by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), and outcomes following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has not been tested. This study aimed to determine whether ePWV predicts post‐EVT outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS was a secondary analysis of the OPTIMAL‐BP (Outcome Patients Treated With Intraarterial Thrombectomy–Optimal Blood Pressure Control) trial, which enrolled 302 EVT from 19 stroke centers South Korea June 18, 2020 November 28, 2022. calculated using regression equation based on age mean blood pressure (BP) at trial enrollment: = 9.587−0.402×age+4.560×10 −3 ×age 2 −2.621×10 −5 ×mean BP+3.176×10 ×age×mean BP−1.832×10 −2 BP. primary functional independence 3 months, defined as modified Rankin Scale score 0–2. Logistic, ordinal, or linear analyses were employed estimate adjusted odds ratios 95% CIs for per 1 m/s quartile increase. RESULTS Among (mean 73.1±11.5 years, 59.6% men), higher independently associated lower likelihood months (adjusted ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.68–0.94] increase; 0.36 0.14–0.95] fourth quartile). A reduction 24 hours after increased receiving conventional BP management 3.41 1.02‒11.38]) but those intensive management. Incorporating significantly improved prognostic model performance, net reclassification improvement 0.28 (95% 0.06–0.50) integrated discrimination 0.02 0.003–0.04). CONCLUSION EVT, suggesting its potential practical indicator baseline

Язык: Английский

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Multi‐scale modelling of the effects of ageing, hypertension and exercise on the cerebral vasculature

The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2025

Ageing and hypertension both have substantial, well-documented effects on the cerebral vasculature. The of aerobic exercise cerebrovascular function development, although less well understood, also recently received significantly increased attention. There is now clear evidence that yields short- long-term changes to health, with significant potential improve population brain health. However, there has as yet been no mathematical model this, making it challenging quantify exercise. One reason for this very different time scales between (minutes/hours) development (years/decades). Here, a new proposed, one incorporates short-term within longer scale. calibrated against various experimental data sources used ageing, hypertension, interventions lifetime predicts high-intensity positive effect health; antihypertensive treatment even after prolonged periods hypertension; can strongly interact each other. This provides foundation future quantitative investigations into critical role other in KEY POINTS: Exercise vasculature, which counterbalance negative ageing hypertension. A presented all three using multiple include effects. range regimes health first time. be explore lifestyles

Язык: Английский

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Is age or cardiovascular comorbidity the main predictor of reduced cerebrovascular pressure reactivity in older patients with traumatic brain injury?

Brain and Spine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4, С. 102799 - 102799

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The Pressure Reactivity index (PRx) has been proposed as a surrogate measure for cerebrovascular autoregulation (CA) and it described that older age is associated with worse PRx. etiology this reduced capacity remains unknown. To investigate the relation between PRx in cohort of patients traumatic brain injury (TBI) while correcting cardiovascular comorbidities. This retrospective analysis on prospectively collected data 151 consecutive TBI 2013 2023. was averaged over 5 monitoring days correlated demographic, patient data. A multiple regression performed dependent variable comorbidities, age, Glasgow motor score pupillary reaction independent variables. similar model constructed without compared. Age, sex, thromboembolic history, arterial hypertension, significantly univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, had significant worsening effect (p = 0.01)), risk factors severity no impact. comparison models yielded difference 0.01), underpinning age. present study found independently impaired pressure reactivity regardless comorbidity. Pathophysiology physiology ageing seem to line up synergistically produce negative perfusion.

Язык: Английский

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Reply to Jaster

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 327(1), С. H309 - H310

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

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Energy metabolism dysregulation, cerebrovascular aging, and time-restricted eating: Current evidence and proof-of-concept findings

PNAS Nexus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024

Dysregulated energy metabolism is a hallmark of aging, including brain aging; thus, strategies to restore normal metabolic regulation are at the forefront aging research. Intermittent fasting, particularly time-restricted eating (TRE), one these strategies. Despite its well-established effectiveness in improving outcomes older adults, effect TRE on preserving or cerebrovascular health during remains underexplored. We explored how itself affects and contextualized age-related changes health. also conducted literature search PubMed Scopus identify summarize current studies adults. Finally, we provided preliminary data from our proof-of-concept pilot trial 6-month Current evidence shows potential improve physiological may function indirectly due glucose homeostasis. However, date, direct parameters lacking. well-tolerated promising dietary intervention for promoting maintaining Further adults must be better controlled balance elucidate independent effects those caloric restriction.

Язык: Английский

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