Lipidic and Inorganic Nanoparticles for Targeted Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy: Advances and Strategies

Micro, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 2 - 2

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Due to their biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and surface conjugation properties, nanomaterials are effective nanocarriers capable of encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs facilitating targeted delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Although research on nanoparticles for brain cancer treatment is still in its early stages, these systems hold great potential revolutionize drug delivery. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) one most common lethal tumors, heterogeneous aggressive nature complicates current treatments, which primarily rely surgery. One significant obstacles poor penetration BBB. Moreover, GBM often referred as a “cold” tumor, characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) minimal immune cell infiltration, limits effectiveness immunotherapies. Therefore, developing novel, more treatments critical improving survival rate patients. Current strategies enhancing outcomes focus controlled, agents cells BBB using nanoparticles. These therapies must be designed engage specialized transport systems, allowing efficient penetration, improved therapeutic efficacy, reduced systemic toxicity degradation. Lipid inorganic can enhance while minimizing side effects. formulations may include epitopes—small antigen fragments that bind directly free antibodies, B receptors, or T receptors—that interact with enable crossing, thereby boosting efficacy. Lipid-based (LNPs), such liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid (SLNs), nanostructured carriers (NLCs), among promising due unique including size, modification capabilities, proven biosafety. Additionally, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica, superparamagnetic iron oxide dendrimers offer alternatives. Inorganic (INPs) easily engineered, surfaces modified various elements biological ligands delivery, biocompatibility. Strategies engineering functionalization have been employed ensure biocompatibility reduce cytotoxicity, making safer clinical applications. The use INPs has shown promise efficacy traditional like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, well advancing newer strategies, immunotherapy, photothermal photodynamic therapies, magnetic hyperthermia. This article reviews latest treating GBM, focusing active passive targeting approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Glioblastoma: Clinical Presentation, Multidisciplinary Management, and Long-Term Outcomes

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1), С. 146 - 146

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, presents a formidable challenge due to its rapid progression, treatment resistance, poor survival outcomes. Standard care typically involves maximal safe surgical resection, followed by fractionated external beam radiation therapy concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite these interventions, median remains approximately 12–15 months, with five-year rate below 10%. Prognosis is influenced factors such as patient age, molecular characteristics, extent of resection. Patients IDH-mutant tumors or methylated MGMT promoters generally have improved survival, while recurrent glioblastoma associated only six therapies cases are often palliative. Innovative treatments, including TTFields, add incremental benefits, extending around 20.9 months for eligible patients. Symptom management—addressing seizures, headaches, neurological deficits—alongside psychological support patients caregivers essential enhance quality life. Emerging targeted immunotherapies, though still limited efficacy, show promise part an evolving landscape. Continued research clinical trials remain crucial developing more effective treatments. This multidisciplinary approach, incorporating diagnostics, personalized therapy, supportive care, aims improve outcomes provides hopeful foundation advancing management.

Язык: Английский

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MiRNAs as major players in brain health and disease: current knowledge and future perspectives

Cell Death Discovery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Abstract MicroRNAs are regulators of gene expression and their dysregulation can lead to various diseases. MicroRNA-135 (MiR-135) exhibits brain-specific expression, performs functions such as neuronal morphology, neural induction, synaptic function in the human brain. Dysfunction miR-135 has been reported brain tumors, neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental disorders. Several reports show downregulation glioblastoma, indicating its tumor suppressor role pathogenesis tumors. In this review, by performing silico analysis molecular targets miR-135, we reveal significant pathways processes modulated miR-135. We summarize biological significance, roles, signaling miRNAs general, with a focus on different neurological diseases including also discuss methods, limitations, potential glioblastoma organoids recapitulating disease initiation progression. highlight promising therapeutic antitumor agents for aggressive tumors glioblastoma.

Язык: Английский

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ncRNAs and their impact on dopaminergic neurons: Autophagy pathways in Parkinson's disease

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 98, С. 102327 - 102327

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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New insights into targeted therapy of glioblastoma using smart nanoparticles

Cancer Cell International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

In recent times, the intersection of nanotechnology and biomedical research has given rise to nanobiomedicine, a captivating realm that holds immense promise for revolutionizing diagnostic therapeutic approaches in field cancer. This innovative fusion biology, medicine, aims create agents with enhanced safety efficacy, particularly theranostics various malignancies. Diverse inorganic, organic, hybrid organic-inorganic nanoparticles, each possessing unique properties, have been introduced into this domain. review seeks highlight latest strides targeted glioblastoma therapy by focusing on application inorganic smart nanoparticles. Beyond exploring general role medical applications, delves groundbreaking strategies treatment, showcasing potential nanoparticles through vitro studies, vivo investigations, ongoing clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Hypoxia conduces the glioma progression by inducing M2 macrophage polarization via elevating TNFSF9 level in a histone-lactylation-dependent manner

AJP Cell Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 327(2), С. C487 - C504

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Hypoxia is a critical factor contributing to poor prognosis and challenging glioma therapy. Previous studies have indicated that hypoxia drives M2 polarization of macrophages promotes cancer progression in various solid tumors. However, the more complex diverse mechanisms underlying this process remain be elucidated. Here, we aimed examine functions gliomas preliminarily investigate macrophage caused by hypoxia. We found significantly enhances malignant phenotypes U87 U251 cells regulating glycolysis. In addition, mediated accumulation glycolysis product [lactic acid (LA)], which subsequently absorbed induce its polarization, reverted both inhibitor silenced monocarboxylate transporter (MCT-1) macrophages, indicating associated with promotion Interestingly, also LA upon uptake upregulates H3K18La expression tumor necrosis superfamily member 9 (TNFSF9) histone-lactylation-dependent manner based on results chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP seq) enrichment analysis. Subsequent vitro vivo experiments further TNFSF9 facilitated progression. Mechanistically, hypoxia-mediated taken up then induces via MCT-1/H3K18La signaling, thus facilitating gliomas.

Язык: Английский

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FTO Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of T98G Glioblastoma Cells via N6-methyladenosine Modification of GSTO1

Neurochemical Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 50(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Nanosystems at Nexus: Navigating Nose-to-Brain Delivery for Glioblastoma Treatment

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered to be one of the most devastating brain tumors with a shorter life expectancy. Several factors contribute dismal prognosis GBM patients including complicated nature GBM, ability tumor cells resist treatment, and difficulty delivering drugs because barriers like blood-brain barrier (BBB) blood-tumor (BTB). The unique challenges posed by BBB in therapeutic agents have led development innovative nanotechnology-based approaches. By exploiting olfactory/trigeminal pathway, nanosystems offer promising strategy for targeted drug delivery brain, glioblastoma particular. This review contemplates varied nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanosystems, situ gel formulations, peptide, stem cell-based nanoformulations, signifying their utility targeting minimal systemic side effects. Emerging trends gene therapy immunotherapy context treatment also been discussed. Since safety paramount aspect any product get approved, this delves into toxicological considerations associated intranasal nanosystems. Regulatory aspects critical successful products are explored review. Overall, underscores significant advancements nanotechnology nose-to-brain its potential impact on management.

Язык: Английский

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Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers for Glioblastomas Through Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression Data

Next research., Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100221 - 100221

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Adverse event profile of lomustine and temozolomide: a descriptive analysis from WHO-VigiAccess

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

In gliomas, various oncogenic factors can lead to an imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. Lomustine inhibits tumor growth by disrupting DNA replication repair mechanisms. contrast, temozolomide, imidazole tetrazine compound, promotes apoptosis through alkylation. The present study aimed systematically analyze compare the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with lomustine as reported in World Health Organization (WHO) VigiAcess database. Utilizing a retrospective descriptive analysis design, this focused on two commercially available anti-glioma drugs. ADR reports pertaining these medications were collected from WHO-VigiAccess data collection process involved gathering detailed information parameters, including age groups, gender, geographical distribution of patients reports. Additionally, examined disease systems symptoms alongside reactions, recorded annual summaries generated WHO. By calculating proportion events for each drug, investigation provided comparative both similarities differences observed across At time search, total 22,854 (AEs) drugs documented VigiAccess exhibits higher reporting rate concerning blood lymphatic system disorders, gastrointestinal hepatobiliary disorders. Temozolomide has general disorders administration site conditions, nervous skin subcutaneous tissue top five types AEs are follows: conditions (8,825 cases, 38.61%), (7,369 32.24%), (5,614 24.56%), (5,047 22.08%), investigations (4,855 21.24%). observational indicates that inhibitors common specific Clinicians should formulate individualized treatment plans consider linked patient, thereby promoting rational use costly medications.

Язык: Английский

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