Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(24), С. 2082 - 2082
Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2024
Myocarditis
is
an
inflammatory
disease
of
the
myocardium
with
heterogeneous
etiology,
clinical
presentation,
and
prognosis;
when
it
associated
myocardial
dysfunction,
this
identifies
entity
cardiomyopathy.
In
last
few
decades,
relevance
immune
system
in
myocarditis
onset
progression
has
become
evident,
thus
having
crucial
terms
treatment
prognostic
stratification.
fact,
advances
cardiac
immunology
have
led
to
a
better
characterization
cellular
subtypes
involved
pathogenesis
cardiomyopathy,
whether
etiology
infectious
or
autoimmune/immune-mediated.
The
difference
course
between
spontaneous
recovery
acute,
subacute,
chronic
end-stage
heart
failure
may
be
explained
not
only
by
classical
markers
but
also
through
immune-pathological
mechanisms
at
level.
Nevertheless,
much
still
needs
clarified
molecular
especially
biopsy-proven
myocarditis.
aims
review
are
(1)
describe
cardiomyopathy
immune-mediated/autoimmune
forms,
(2)
analyze
recent
findings
on
role
different
cells
myocarditis,
(3)
illustrate
potential
such
findings,
(4)
highlight
need
further
studies
pivotal
areas
immunology.
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
135(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
remains
the
leading
cause
of
morbidity
and
mortality
worldwide,
with
inflammation
playing
a
pivotal
role
in
its
pathogenesis.
T
lymphocytes
are
crucial
components
adaptive
immune
system
that
have
emerged
as
key
mediators
both
cardiac
health
development
progression
CVD.
This
Review
explores
diverse
roles
cell
subsets,
including
Th1,
Th17,
γδ
cells,
Tregs,
myocardial
inflammatory
processes
such
autoimmune
myocarditis
infarction.
We
discuss
contribution
cells
to
injury
remodeling,
emphasis
on
specific
receptors,
e.g.,
CD69,
critical
regulating
tolerance
maintaining
balance
between
subsets
heart.
Additionally,
we
offer
perspective
recent
advances
cell-targeted
therapies
their
potential
modulate
responses
improve
clinical
outcomes
patients
CVD
heart
transplant
recipients.
Understanding
intricate
interplay
cardiovascular
pathology
is
essential
for
developing
novel
immunotherapeutic
strategies
against
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Myocarditis,
a
leading
cause
of
sudden
cardiac
death
and
heart
transplantation,
poses
significant
treatment
challenges.
The
study
clinical
samples
from
myocarditis
patients
reveals
correlation
between
the
pathogenesis
cardiomyocyte
mitochondrial
DNA
(mtDNA).
During
inflammation,
concentration
mtDNA
in
cardiomyocytes
increases.
Hence,
it
is
hypothesized
that
combined
clearance
its
downstream
STING
pathway
can
treat
myocarditis.
However,
clearing
problematic.
An
innovative
scavenger
introduced,
Nanosweeper
(NS),
which
utilizes
nanostructure
to
facilitate
transport
NS-mtDNA
co-assemblies
for
degradation,
achieving
clearance.
fluorescent
probe
on
NS,
bound
functional
peptides,
enhances
stability
NS.
NS
also
exhibits
robust
human
plasma
with
half-life
up
10
hours.
In
murine
model,
serves
as
drug
delivery
vehicle,
targeting
inhibitor
C-176
myocardium.
This
approach
synergistically
modulates
cGAS-STING
axis
effectively
attenuating
myocarditis-
associated
inflammatory
cascade.
evaluation
porcine
models
corroborated
superior
biosafety
profile
capability.
strategic
targeted
couple
inhibition,
significantly
augments
therapeutic
efficacy
against
myocarditis,
outperforming
conventional
C-176,
indicating
potential.
Inflammatory
dilated
cardiomyopathy
(iDCM)
represents
a
severe
immune-related
condition
provoked
by
the
progression
of
myocarditis.
In
patients
suffering
from
myocarditis,
vicious
cycle
inflammation
orchestrated
CD4
+
T
cells,
neutrophils,
and
fibroblasts
is
culprit
that
drives
deterioration
myocarditis
into
iDCM.
This
study
designed
composite
microneedles
ion
solutions
using
calcium
silicate
bioceramics,
which
deliver
SiO
3
2−
directly
myocardial
tissue
or
indirectly
via
systemic
circulation.
These
interventions
modulate
cell
microenvironment
regulating
T/T
helper
17
(T
H
17)
cells
their
interactions
with
neutrophils
through
forkhead
box
O
(FOXO)
signaling
pathway.
Specifically,
inhibits
hyperdifferentiation
to
FOXO1
neutrophil
extracellular
traps
as
well
myofibroblasts
FOXO3,
thereby
ultimately
disrupting
subsequent
fibrotic
lesions
in
discovery
indicates
biomaterial-based
strategy
may
have
great
potential
for
treatment
BMJ Case Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(4), С. e264794 - e264794
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Autoimmune
encephalitis
can
be
associated
with
other
autoimmune
disorders,
but
the
concurrent
presence
of
and
myocarditis
is
uncommon.
A
man
in
his
80s
type
2
diabetes
mellitus,
hypertension
hypothyroidism
presented
altered
mental
status
for
8
months.
He
was
previously
diagnosed
myasthenia
gravis,
therapy
discontinued
due
to
infection.
On
presentation,
he
wheelchair-bound
disorientation,
proximal
weakness,
hyporeflexia
bradykinesia.
MRI
brain
showed
atrophy,
cerebrospinal
fluid
analysis
revealed
mildly
elevated
protein
(58.8
mg/dL)
without
pleocytosis.
Despite
treatment
urinary
tract
infection
septic
encephalopathy,
sensorium
did
not
improve.
diagnosis
possible
considered,
though
antibody
studies
were
negative.
Whole-body
Positron
Emission
Tomography
-
Computerized
(PET-CT)
ruled
out
malignancy
global
hypokinesia,
while
echocardiography
severe
left
ventricular
systolic
dysfunction.
Positive
acetylcholine
receptor
led
intravenous
immunoglobulin
therapy,
which
improved
cardiac
dysfunction
suggesting
a
positive
association.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025
The
advent
of
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
has
revolutionized
cancer
treatment,
offering
life-saving
benefits
to
tumor
patients.
However,
the
utilize
ICI
agents
is
often
accompanied
by
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs),
among
which
cardiovascular
toxicities
have
attracted
more
and
attention.
induced
predominantly
present
as
acute
myocarditis
chronic
atherosclerosis,
both
are
driven
excessive
activation.
Reprogramming
T
cells
macrophages
been
demonstrated
a
pivotal
factor
in
pathogenesis
these
complications.
Therapeutic
strategies
targeting
glycolysis,
fatty
acid
oxidation,
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
production
some
other
key
signaling
shown
promise
mitigating
hyperactivation
inflammation.
In
this
review,
we
explored
intricate
mechanisms
underlying
ICI-induced
highlighted
protective
potential
reprogramming.
We
emphasize
roles
cell
macrophage
reprogramming
heart
vasculature,
showcasing
their
contributions
short-term
long-term
regulation
health.
Ultimately,
deeper
understanding
processes
will
not
only
enhance
safety
ICIs
but
also
pave
way
for
innovative
manage
cancers
therapy.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024
Summary
Heart-specific
T
cells
play
important
roles
in
myocardial
diseases,
including
myocarditis,
infarction,
and
heart
failure.
However,
only
few
cardiac
antigens
their
respective
specific
cell
receptors
(TCRs)
have
been
validated
so
far.
Therefore,
we
sought
to
identify
new
epitopes
C57BL/6
mice
characterize
the
TCRs.
Antigen
mapping
of
myosin
heavy
chain
alpha
(MYHCA)
led
identification
a
9-mer
epitope
(MYHCA
724-732
)
recognized
by
CD8
+
cells.
Single-cell
TCR
sequencing
(scTCR-seq)
analysis
MYHCA-stimulated
enabled
distinct
TCRs
enriched
on
Selected
inferred
from
scTCR-seq
data
were
then
expressed
reporter
lines
functionally
validated.
Our
study
expands
toolkit
required
heart-directed
immune
responses
revealing
antigen
These
tools
will
enable
vivo
characterization
myosin-specific
murine
models
diseases.
IntechOpen eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024
Myocarditis
is
described
as
damage
to
the
heart
muscle,
which
causes
inflammation
of
myocyte.
The
etiology
consists
infectious
and
non-infectious
diseases.
prevalence
myocarditis
estimated
between
10.2
105.6
per
100,000
people
worldwide.
Although
mortality
decreased
from
1990
2019,
incidence
rate
has
risen.
As
part
treatment,
use
therapeutic
strategies
for
treatment
underlying
cardiac
presentations
such
myocardial
ischemia
failure
should
be
considered.
However,
intravenous
immunoglobulins
immunosuppressive
medications
will
discussed
in
this
chapter.
COVID-19
been
a
prominent
cause
recent
years.
Additionally,
some
new
concepts
like
effect
microbiota
on
viral
influence
gut-heart
axis
discussed.
Pericarditis
presence
pericardial
sac.
Treatment
pericarditis
include
nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs,
colchicine,
glucocorticoids.
