IMI 2023 Digest

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 64(6), С. 7 - 7

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Myopia is a dynamic and rapidly moving field, with ongoing research providing better understanding of the etiology leading to novel myopia control strategies. In 2019, International Institute (IMI) assembled published series white papers across relevant topics updated evidence digest in 2021. Here, we summarize findings key from previous 2 years. Studies animal models have continued explore how wavelength intensity light influence eye growth examined new pharmacologic agents scleral cross-linking as potential strategies for slowing myopia. children, term premyopia gaining interest increased attention early implementation control. Most studies use IMI definitions ≤-0.5 diopters (D) ≤-6.0 D high myopia, although categorization structural consequences remain an issue. Clinical trials demonstrated that newer spectacle lens designs incorporating multiple segments, lenslets, or diffusion optics exhibit good efficacy. considerations factors influencing efficacy soft multifocal contact lenses orthokeratology are discussed. Topical atropine remains only widely accessible treatment. Rebound observed higher concentration not evident lower concentrations optical interventions. Overall, treatments show little adverse effect on visual function appear generally safe, longer wear times combination therapies maximizing outcomes. An emerging category light-based children requires comprehensive safety data enable risk versus benefit analysis. Given success strategies, ethics including arm clinical heavily debated. recommendations trial protocols

Язык: Английский

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Myopia Control: Are We Ready for an Evidence Based Approach?

Ophthalmology and Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 1453 - 1477

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Myopia and its vision-threatening complications present a significant public health problem. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the multitude known emerging interventions control myopia, including their potential effect, safety, costs. A systematic literature search three databases was conducted. Interventions were grouped into four categories: environmental/behavioral (outdoor time, near work), pharmacological (e.g., atropine), optical (spectacles contact lenses), novel approaches such as red-light (RLRL) therapies. Review articles original on randomized controlled trials (RCT) selected. From initial 3224 retrieved records, 18 reviews 41 reporting results from RCTs included. While there is more evidence supporting efficacy low-dose atropine certain myopia-controlling lenses in slowing myopia progression, about newer interventions, spectacle defocus incorporated multiple segments highly aspheric lenslets) limited. Behavioral i.e., increased outdoor seem effective for preventing onset if implemented successfully schools homes. environmental spectacles are regarded generally safe, lenses, RLRL may be associated with adverse effects. All except behavioral change, tied moderate high expenditures. Our suggests that recommended prescribed basis accessibility clinical practice patterns, which vary widely around world. Clinical indicate short- medium-term reducing progression various but none have demonstrated long-term effectiveness adulthood. There unmet need unified consensus strategies balance risk these methods personalized management.

Язык: Английский

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European trends in attitudes and strategies for myopia management in clinical practice

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102390 - 102390

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

BackgroundSurveys conducted between 2015 and 2022 showed growing concern among European eye care practitioners about myopia management, though adoption of effective strategies varied. This study updates findings from 2024, analysing trends in attitudes for management across Europe to 2024.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey targeting was distributed multiple languages through professional bodies. It assessed awareness prevalence, perceived efficacy different control strategies, reasons non-adoption.ResultsBetween a total 3,179 responses were collected practitioners, representing data four years. Concern pediatric varied significantly 2024 (P < 0.001), with Portugal reporting the highest (9.4 ± 1.0) Sweden lowest (5.9 2.2). Orthokeratology combined low-dose atropine as most approach (60.8 29.6), followed by solo orthokeratology (60.1 25.0) approved soft contact lenses (55.9 23.4). Single-vision (15.9 22.9) undercorrection (7.1 16.6) rated least effective. Since 2015, single-vision lens prescribing has declined, while spectacles lenses, combination therapies have increased. The major preventing prescription methods cost (29.6 %), treatment availability (11.4 %) inadequate information/knowledge (9.3 %). Factors such patient age, refractive error, parental influenced choices, factors being less influential Russia compared other countries (all p ≤ 0.001). All reported that adopting measures progression thought improve loyalty (much more/more: 57.7 job satisfaction 73.3 but it not increase practice revenue 43.3 %).ConclusionsEuropean are increasingly evidence-based relatively similar practices. Offering enhanced satisfaction. However, barriers limited still impede broader adoption.

Язык: Английский

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Global trends in refractive disorders from 1990 to 2021: insights from the global burden of disease study and predictive modeling

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

Purpose This study aims to provide global, regional, and national estimates of the refractive disorders-related burden between 1990 2021, stratified by subtypes. Design A retrospective analysis was conducted using aggregated data. Methods Utilizing data from Global Burden Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021), this population-based analyzed disorders 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated quantify temporal trends in age-standardized rates disorder prevalence disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age, sex, region, country. The associations EAPCs socio-demographic index (SDI) also examined. Using comprehensive data, we predictive analyses with Age-Period-Cohort (APC) Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models forecast disease Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for informing future public health strategies. Results Globally, per 100,000 population decreased all age groups Specifically, declined 2,053.56 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 1,835.31–2,275.8) 1919.66 UI: 1,715.24–2,135.28, EAPC: −0.24), while DALYs reduced 88.04 62.19–125.15) 79.11 54.94–114.14, −0.36). These reductions primarily driven a decline disorders. Notably, both associated significantly 60 64 group. In low low-middle SDI countries, there significant reduction DALYs, high middle-high countries experienced an increase these metrics. Benin exhibited largest burden, India had most decrease. There are notable discrepancies regions compared GBD estimates, indicating potential underestimations burden. APC model details age-specific cohort effects, ARIMA offers strong predictions historical Both underscore fluctuating burdens, stressing importance adaptive policies meet healthcare needs. Conclusion Over past three decades, global efforts have alleviated errors. However, substantial disparities persist across different types impairment, groups, countries' Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). With conclusion COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial expand eye care services, particularly enhancing screening coverage quality control. underscores addressing diverse needs fostering regional cooperation improve outcomes, providing strategy initiatives.

Язык: Английский

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Myopia Control Effect of Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy Combined with Orthokeratology

Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 131(11), С. 1304 - 1313

Опубликована: Май 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Chinese parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of myopia control: 2023 update

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Our previous survey identified a lack of knowledge myopia among Chinese parents. This research aims to update the characteristics parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice in control. A self-administered questionnaire was disseminated parents myopic children 16 hospitals from 11 provinces China. Comprehensive information regarding with collected, underlying correlations being analyzed. total 1266 valid questionnaires were collected. The concern over children's visual problems arose significantly earlier (P < 0.001). Axial length recorded by 29.9% (378/1266) participants. Parents' primary goal control "retarding progression myopia" (64.8%, 821/1266). effectiveness behavioral intervention ranked first 68.4% (866/1266) Single-vision spectacles most adopted correction (26.1%, 331/1266). In terms interventions, 23.5% (297/1266) chose spectacles, followed orthokeratology (20.9%, 264/1266); 37.3% (189/507) participants believed that latter more effective. Most (69.8%, 883/1266) expressed satisfaction current efficacy Insufficient awareness Efforts should be made enhance raise their awareness, improve accessibility affordability effective interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Eyecare practitioner perspectives and attitudes towards myopia and myopia management in the UK

BMJ Open Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1), С. e001527 - e001527

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Objective Many children with progressive myopia are still prescribed single-vision correction. An investigation into UK eyecare practitioners’ (ECPs) perceptions of management was carried out to ascertain factors which may be limiting its implementation and uptake within clinical practice. Methods analysis Online focus groups were held ECPs. Participants encouraged discuss their knowledge the available options, perception how is being delivered in any barriers ECPs' prescribing these options The discussions transcribed analysed thematically. Results Focus 41 ECPs from primary secondary eyecare. felt that provision variable. Most believe they have sufficient knowledge, but a lack confidence decision-making practical experience. Less experienced sought more definitive guidance support decision-making. desired clarity on duty care obligations concerned over possible future litigation if had not offered, or referred for, when indicated. greatest barrier appears financial—treatment expensive uncomfortable communicating this parents. indicative systemic problems eyecare, such as commercial pressures, inadequate National Health Service funding poor public awareness paediatric Conclusion Myopia implemented consistently across UK. To improve accessibility, changes required at multiple levels, individual through wider stakeholders provision.

Язык: Английский

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Myopia information on TikTok: analysis factors that impact video quality and audience engagement

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

TikTok is emerging as a vital platform for health information dissemination. Despite myopia being global public issue, the high-quality shared by educators often fails to go viral. It imperative analyze factors influencing video quality and popularity, especially from diverse perspectives of researchers, educators, audiences.

Язык: Английский

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A new look at the myopia control efficacy of orthokeratology

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(5), С. 102251 - 102251

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Time Spent Outdoors Partly Accounts for the Effect of Education on Myopia

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 64(14), С. 38 - 38

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if education contributes the risk myopia because educational activities typically occur indoors or other factors, such as prolonged near viewing. Methods: This a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Participants were from UK Biobank, Avon Longitudinal Study Parents and Children, Generation R. Genetic variants associated with years spent in time outdoors used instrumental variables. main outcome measures were: (1) spherical equivalent refractive error attained by adulthood, (2) an early age-of-onset spectacle wear (EAOSW), defined 15 below. Results: Time found have small genetic component (heritability 9.8%) that tracked childhood adulthood. A polygenic score for children's outdoors; inversely outdoors. Accounting relationship between multivariable analysis reduced size causal effect more on −0.17 diopters (D) per additional year formal (95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.32 −0.01) compared estimate univariable −0.27 D CI −0.41 −0.13). Comparable results obtained EAOSW. Conclusions: effects estimated 40%. These suggest about half may be mediated children not being during schooling.

Язык: Английский

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