medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 19, 2025
Identifying
robust
neural
signatures
of
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
symptoms
is
important
to
facilitate
precision
psychiatry
and
help
in
understanding
treatment
the
disorder.
Emergent
research
suggests
structural
covariance
early
visual
regions
associated
with
later
PTSD
development.
However,
large-scale
analyses
are
needed
-
heterogeneous
samples
trauma-exposed
trauma
naive
individuals
determine
if
such
a
signature
potentially
pretrauma
marker
vulnerability.
We
analyzed
data
from
ENIGMA-PTSD
dataset
(n
=
2,814)
Human
Connectome
Project
Young
Adult
(HCP-YA)
890)
investigate
whether
cortex
either
or
perceived
stress.
Structural
was
derived
multimodal
pattern
previously
identified
recent
survivors,
participant
loadings
on
profile
were
included
linear
mixed
effects
models
evaluate
associations
Early
negatively
dataset.
The
relationship
persisted
when
accounting
for
prior
childhood
maltreatment;
supporting
symptom
specificity,
no
observed
depressive
association
between
measures
HCP-YA
robustly
across
an
international,
sample
survivors.
Future
studies
should
aim
identify
specific
mechanisms
that
underlie
alterations
better
understand
posttrauma
psychopathology.
Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
104(3), С. 1205 - 1263
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
Stress
resilience
is
the
phenomenon
that
some
people
maintain
their
mental
health
despite
exposure
to
adversity
or
show
only
temporary
impairments
followed
by
quick
recovery.
Resilience
research
attempts
unravel
factors
and
mechanisms
make
possible
harness
its
insights
for
development
of
preventative
interventions
in
individuals
at
risk
acquiring
stress-related
dysfunctions.
Biological
has
been
lagging
behind
psychological
social
sciences
but
seen
a
massive
surge
recent
years.
At
same
time,
progress
this
field
hampered
methodological
challenges
related
finding
suitable
operationalizations
study
designs,
replicating
findings,
modeling
animals.
We
embed
review
behavioral,
neuroimaging,
neurobiological,
systems
biological
findings
adults
critical
methods
discussion.
find
preliminary
evidence
hippocampus-based
pattern
separation
prefrontal-based
cognitive
control
functions
protect
against
pathological
fears
aftermath
singular,
event-type
stressors
[as
found
fear-related
disorders,
including
simpler
forms
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)]
facilitating
perception
safety.
Reward
system-based
pursuit
savoring
positive
reinforcers
appear
more
generalized
dysfunctions
anxious-depressive
spectrum
resulting
from
severe
longer-lasting
(as
depression,
comorbid
anxiety,
PTSD).
Links
between
preserved
functioning
these
neural
under
neuroplasticity,
immunoregulation,
gut
microbiome
composition,
integrity
barrier
blood-brain
are
beginning
emerge.
On
basis,
avenues
pointed
out.
World Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1), С. 52 - 80
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
The
understanding
of
responses
to
traumatic
events
has
been
greatly
influenced
by
the
introduction
diagnosis
post‐traumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD).
In
this
paper
we
review
initial
versions
diagnostic
criteria
for
condition
and
associated
epidemiological
findings,
including
sociocultural
differences.
We
consider
evidence
reactions
occurring
in
multiple
contexts
not
previously
defined
as
traumatic,
implications
that
these
observations
have
diagnosis.
More
recent
developments
such
DSM‐5
dissociative
subtype
ICD‐11
complex
PTSD
are
reviewed,
adding
there
several
distinct
phenotypes.
describe
psychological
foundations
PTSD,
involving
disturbances
memory
well
identity.
A
broader
focus
on
identity
may
be
able
accommodate
group
communal
influences
experience
trauma
impact
resource
loss.
then
summarize
current
concerning
biological
with
a
particular
genetic
neuroimaging
studies.
Whereas
progress
prevention
disappointing,
is
now
an
extensive
supporting
efficacy
variety
treatments
established
trauma‐focused
interventions
–
cognitive
behavior
therapy
(TF‐CBT)
eye
movement
desensitization
reprocessing
(EMDR)
non‐trauma‐focused
therapies,
which
also
include
some
emerging
identity‐based
approaches
present‐centered
compassion‐focused
therapies.
Additionally,
promising
neither
nor
pharmacological,
or
combine
pharmacological
approach,
3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA)‐assisted
psychotherapy.
advances
priority
areas
adapting
resource‐limited
settings
across
cultural
contexts,
community‐based
approaches.
conclude
identifying
future
directions
work
mental
health.
JAMA Network Open,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(11), С. e2340018 - e2340018
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023
Importance
Adverse
life
experiences
have
been
proposed
to
contribute
diverse
mental
health
problems
through
an
association
with
corticolimbic
functioning.
Despite
compelling
evidence
from
animal
models,
findings
studies
in
humans
mixed;
activation
likelihood
estimation
(ALE)
meta-analyses
failed
identify
a
consistent
of
adverse
events
brain
function.
Objective
To
investigate
the
adversity
exposure
altered
reactivity
using
multilevel
kernel
density
analyses
(MKDA),
meta-analytic
approach
considered
more
robust
than
ALE
small
sample
sizes
and
methodological
differences
between
studies.
Data
Sources
Searches
were
conducted
PsycInfo,
Medline,
EMBASE,
Web
Science
inception
May
4,
2022.
The
following
search
term
combinations
used
for
each
database:
trauma
,
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(
PTSD
),
abuse
maltreatment
poverty
or
;
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
fMRI
)
neuroimaging;
emotion
regulation
memory
processing
inhibitory
control
executive
functioning
reward
.
Study
Selection
Task-based
within
4
domains
(emotion
processing,
control,
processing)
that
included
measure
whole-brain
coordinate
results
reported
Talairach
Montreal
Neurological
Institute
space
included.
Conference
abstracts,
books,
reviews,
meta-analyses,
opinions,
studies,
articles
not
English,
fewer
5
participants
excluded.
Extraction
Synthesis
Using
Preferred
Reporting
Items
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-Analyses
reporting
guideline,
2
independent
reviewers
assessed
abstracts
full-text
entry
criteria.
A
third
reviewer
resolved
conflicts
errors
data
extraction.
pooled
random-effects
model
analysis
occurred
August
November
Main
Outcomes
Measures
Peak
x-axis
(left-right),
y-axis
(posterior-anterior),
z-axis
(inferior-superior)
coordinates
extracted
all
submitted
MKDA
meta-analyses.
Results
total
83
meta-analysis,
yielding
combined
5242
801
coordinates.
Adversity
was
associated
higher
amygdala
(familywise
error
rate
corrected
at
P
<
.001;
=
22;
−4;
−17)
lower
prefrontal
cortical
10;
60;
10)
across
range
task
domains.
These
responses
only
observed
adult
clearest
among
those
who
had
exposed
severe
threat
trauma.
Conclusions
Relevance
In
this
meta-analysis
function,
prior
challenges.
might
better
how
diminishes
ability
cope
later
stressors
produces
enduring
susceptibility
problems.
Molecular Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(10), С. 3223 - 3244
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024
Almost
three
decades
have
passed
since
the
first
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
neuroimaging
study
was
published.
Since
then,
field
of
clinical
neuroscience
has
made
advancements
in
understanding
neural
correlates
PTSD
to
create
more
efficacious
treatment
strategies.
While
gold-standard
psychotherapy
options
are
available,
many
patients
do
not
respond
them,
prematurely
drop
out,
or
never
initiate
treatment.
Therefore,
elucidating
neurobiological
mechanisms
that
define
can
help
guide
clinician
decision-making
and
develop
individualized
mechanisms-based
options.
To
this
end,
narrative
review
highlights
progress
last
decade
adult
youth
samples
on
outstanding
questions
research:
(1)
Which
alterations
serve
as
predisposing
(pre-exposure)
risk
factors
for
development,
which
acquired
(post-exposure)
alterations?
(2)
predict
outcomes
improvement?
(3)
Can
measures
be
used
brain-based
biotypes
PTSD?
studies
highlighted
answering
questions,
still
much
before
implementing
these
findings
into
practice.
Overall,
better
answer
we
suggest
future
should
(A)
utilize
prospective
longitudinal
designs,
collecting
brain
experiencing
trauma
at
multiple
follow-up
time
points
post-trauma,
taking
advantage
multi-site
collaborations/consortiums;
(B)
collect
two
scans
explore
changes
from
pre-to-post
compare
activation
between
groups,
including
follow
up
assessments;
(C)
replicate
PTSD.
By
synthesizing
recent
findings,
will
pave
way
personalized
approaches
grounded
evidence.
European journal of psychotraumatology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
To
mark
15
years
of
the
European
Journal
Psychotraumatology,
editors
reviewed
past
15-year
research
on
trauma
exposure
and
its
consequences,
as
well
developments
in
(early)
psychological,
pharmacological
complementary
interventions.
In
all
sections
this
paper,
we
provide
perspectives
sex/gender
aspects,
life
course
trends,
cross-cultural/global
systemic
societal
contexts.
Globally,
majority
people
experience
stressful
events
that
may
be
characterized
traumatic.
However,
definitions
what
is
traumatic
are
not
necessarily
straightforward
or
universal.
Traumatic
have
a
wide
range
transdiagnostic
mental
physical
health
limited
to
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD).
Research
genetic,
molecular,
neurobiological
influences
show
promise
for
further
understanding
underlying
risk
resilience
trauma-related
consequences.
Symptom
presentation,
prevalence,
course,
response
experiences,
differ
depending
individuals'
age
developmental
phase,
sex/gender,
sociocultural
environmental
contexts,
socio-political
forces.
Early
interventions
potential
prevent
acute
reactions
from
escalating
PTSD
diagnosis
whether
delivered
golden
hours
weeks
after
trauma.
prevention
still
scarce
compared
treatment
where
several
evidence-based
complementary/
integrative
exist,
novel
forms
delivery
become
available.
Here,
focus
how
best
address
negative
outcomes
following
trauma,
serve
individuals
across
spectrum,
including
very
young
old,
include
considerations
ethnicity,
culture
diverse
beyond
Western,
Educated,
Industrialized,
Rich,
Democratic
(WEIRD)
countries.
We
conclude
with
providing
directions
future
aimed
at
improving
well-being
impacted
by
around
world.
The
EJPT
webinar
provides
90-minute
summary
paper
can
downloaded
here
[http://bit.ly/4jdtx6k].
Molecular Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
28(7), С. 2975 - 2984
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023
Considerable
racial/ethnic
disparities
persist
in
exposure
to
life
stressors
and
socioeconomic
resources
that
can
directly
affect
threat
neurocircuitry,
particularly
the
amygdala,
partially
mediates
susceptibility
adverse
posttraumatic
outcomes.
Limited
work
date,
however,
has
investigated
potential
variability
amygdala
reactivity
or
connectivity
may
turn
be
related
outcomes
such
as
post-traumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD).
Participants
from
AURORA
study
(n
=
283),
a
multisite
longitudinal
of
trauma
outcomes,
completed
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
psychophysiology
within
approximately
two-weeks
exposure.
Seed-based
during
passive
viewing
fearful
neutral
faces
were
assessed
fMRI.
Physiological
activity
was
Pavlovian
conditioning.
also
reported
severity
symptoms
3
6
months
after
trauma.
Black
individuals
showed
lower
baseline
skin
conductance
levels
startle
compared
White
individuals,
but
no
differences
observed
physiological
reactions
threat.
Further,
Hispanic
participants
greater
regions
including
dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC),
dorsal
anterior
cingulate
cortex,
insula,
cerebellum
participants.
No
Amygdala
associated
with
3-month
PTSD
symptoms,
associations
differed
by
group
partly
driven
structural
inequities.
The
present
findings
suggest
tonic
neurophysiological
arousal
early
aftermath
between
groups,
inequality,
impacts
neural
processes
mediate
later
symptoms.
American Journal of Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
180(2), С. 146 - 154
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023
Objective:
The
weak
link
between
subjective
symptom-based
diagnostic
methods
for
posttraumatic
psychopathology
and
objectively
measured
neurobiological
indices
forms
a
barrier
to
the
development
of
effective
personalized
treatments.
To
overcome
this
problem,
recent
studies
have
aimed
stratify
psychiatric
disorders
by
identifying
consistent
subgroups
based
on
objective
neural
markers.
Along
these
lines,
promising
2021
study
Stevens
et
al.
identified
distinct
brain-based
biotypes
associated
with
different
longitudinal
patterns
symptoms.
Here,
authors
conducted
conceptual
nonexact
replication
that
using
comparable
data
set
from
multimodal
trauma
survivors.
Methods:
A
total
130
participants
(mean
age,
33.61
years,
SD=11.21;
48%
women)
admitted
general
hospital
emergency
department
following
exposure
underwent
demographic,
clinical,
neuroimaging
assessments
1,
6,
14
months
after
trauma.
All
analyses
followed
pipeline
outlined
in
original
were
collaboration
its
authors.
Results:
Task-based
functional
MRI
1
month
posttrauma
was
used
identify
four
clusters
individuals
profiles
activity
reflecting
threat
reward
reactivity.
These
not
identical
previously
prospective
symptoms
psychopathology.
Conclusions:
Overall,
findings
suggest
resilience
may
generalize
other
populations.
Thus,
caution
is
warranted
when
attempting
define
subtypes
vulnerability
before
treatment
implications
can
be
fully
realized.
Additional
are
needed
more
stable
generalizable
neuroimaging-based
Translational Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022
Abstract
Visual
components
of
trauma
memories
are
often
vividly
re-experienced
by
survivors
with
deleterious
consequences
for
normal
function.
Neuroimaging
research
on
has
primarily
focused
threat-processing
circuitry
as
core
to
trauma-related
dysfunction.
Conversely,
limited
attention
been
given
visual
which
may
be
particularly
relevant
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD).
Prior
work
suggests
that
the
ventral
stream
is
directly
related
cognitive
and
affective
disturbances
observed
in
PTSD
predictive
later
symptom
expression.
The
present
study
used
multimodal
magnetic
resonance
imaging
data
(
n
=
278)
collected
two
weeks
after
exposure
from
AURORA
study,
a
longitudinal,
multisite
investigation
adverse
neuropsychiatric
sequelae.
Indices
gray
white
matter
were
combined
using
fusion
identify
structural
covariance
network
(SCN)
2
trauma.
Participant’s
loadings
SCN
positively
associated
both
intrusion
symptoms
intensity
nightmares.
Further,
moderated
connectivity
between
previously
amygdala-hippocampal
functional
inferior
temporal
gyrus.
Follow-up
MRI
at
6
months
showed
an
inverse
relationship
negative
alterations
cognition
mood.
individuals
who
decreased
strength
had
generally
higher
severity
over
time.
findings
highlight
role
integrity
development
PTSD.
important
consolidation
or
retrieval
contribute
efficient
reactivation
memory,
thereby
exacerbating
symptoms.
Potentially
chronic
engagement
lead
reduced
becomes
risk
factor
lasting