Role of Income, Population, Electricity, and Energy Transition on Sustainable Environment: Evidence from Lebanon by Marginal Effect Analysis DOI Creative Commons
Fatih Ayhan

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

This study empirically investigates the sustainable environment in Lebanon. In this context, uses ecological footprint (EFP) as leading environmental proxy, while load capacity factor (LCF) is used for robustness check. Also, considers some critical factors (namely, income, population, disaggregated level electricity consumption, and energy transition) explanatory variables, applies a marginal effect analysis through Kernel-Based Least Squares (KRLS) approach, data between 2000 2022. The empirical results show that (i) 1% increase hydroelectricity, transition causes 0.09%, 0.17%, 0.03%, 0.80% EFP, order; (ii) fossil renewable consumption do not have statistically significant effect; (iii) almost all variables considered varying across percentiles; (iv) KRLS higher estimation around 96.7%; (v) are robust case of alternative indicator (i.e., LCF) use. Thus, highlights factors' percentile-based differentiating effects, only hydroelectricity has declining on degradation. Considering results, discusses policy options Lebanon ensuring environment.

Язык: Английский

Role of Income, Population, Electricity, and Energy Transition on Sustainable Environment: Evidence from Lebanon by Marginal Effect Analysis DOI Creative Commons
Fatih Ayhan

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

This study empirically investigates the sustainable environment in Lebanon. In this context, uses ecological footprint (EFP) as leading environmental proxy, while load capacity factor (LCF) is used for robustness check. Also, considers some critical factors (namely, income, population, disaggregated level electricity consumption, and energy transition) explanatory variables, applies a marginal effect analysis through Kernel-Based Least Squares (KRLS) approach, data between 2000 2022. The empirical results show that (i) 1% increase hydroelectricity, transition causes 0.09%, 0.17%, 0.03%, 0.80% EFP, order; (ii) fossil renewable consumption do not have statistically significant effect; (iii) almost all variables considered varying across percentiles; (iv) KRLS higher estimation around 96.7%; (v) are robust case of alternative indicator (i.e., LCF) use. Thus, highlights factors' percentile-based differentiating effects, only hydroelectricity has declining on degradation. Considering results, discusses policy options Lebanon ensuring environment.

Язык: Английский

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