Bioactive Compounds in Seafood: Implications for Health and Nutrition

Food Science & Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The significance of Seafood as a reservoir bioactive substances is increasing. With sea creatures making up approximately half all living organisms on the planet, seas, and oceans present many innovative materials are believed to hold most substantial remaining reserve beneficial natural compounds. provides plentiful supply essential nutrients, including high‐quality protein, various fatty acids (such omega‐3s), compounds like taurine, carotenoids, phytosterols, contributing its numerous health advantages. Furthermore, seafood contains bio‐lipopeptides, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, it promotes through antioxidant anti‐inflammatory effects. Enzymes, vitamins, minerals further enrich nutritional profile, supporting metabolic processes overall well‐being. This review emphasizes benefits consumption, encompassing cardio‐protective effects that bolster heart health, antidiabetic properties aid in regulating blood sugar levels anti‐cancer may lower risk specific cancers. Additionally, contributes anti‐obesity effects, enhances brain delivers antioxidative activity combat oxidative stress, supports maternal care during pregnancy lactation.

Язык: Английский

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In Vitro Chronic Hyperinsulinemia Induces Remodelling of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Young Men and Women in a Sex Hormone Independent Manner

Pathophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(1), С. 12 - 12

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Elevated circulating insulin levels between 80 and 100 µU/mL characterize hyperinsulinemia, which often leads to metabolic disorders such as obesity, resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D). can directly affect vascular function contribute the pathophysiology of cardiovascular system, including secondary arterial hypertension (SAH) atherosclerosis. It is well known that hyperinsulinemia induced remodeling heart. However, there no information on whether intrinsic differences exist human smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) if in vitro mimicking induces VSMCs morphological intracellular homeostasis a sex- sex hormones-dependent manner. Our cultured VSMCs, coupled with quantitative 3D confocal imaging results, show from young men women. Chronic (80 µU/mL, 48 h treatment) increases cell nuclear volumes associated increased calcium (Ca2+) ROS decreased glutathione. In absence pretreatment testosterone oestradiol women had effect. Both hormones partially but not completely prevented hyperinsulinemia-induced The increase VSMC volume may thickness tunica media, leading decrease lumen blood vessel, promotes development SAH atherosclerosis sex-dependent

Язык: Английский

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Association of Triglyceride-Glucose–Related Obesity Indices With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Hyperuricemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Journal of the American Nutrition Association, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Objective This study sought to clarify the relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG)–related obesity indices and all-cause cardiovascular mortality in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA).

Язык: Английский

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Estimated glucose disposal rate outperforms other insulin resistance surrogates in predicting incident cardiovascular diseases in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0–3 and the development of a machine learning prediction model: a nationwide prospective cohort study

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Background The American Heart Association recently introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, highlighting increasing importance complex interplay between metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While substantial evidence supports a correlation estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) CVD events, its predictive value compared with other insulin resistance (IR) indices, such as triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, TyG-waist circumference, TyG-body mass TyG-waist-to-height ratio, triglyceride-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolic score for resistance, remains unclear. Methods This prospective cohort study utilized data from China Health Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). individuals were categorized into four subgroups based on quartiles eGDR. associations eGDR incident evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses restricted cubic spline. Seven machine learning models to assess index events. To model’s performance, we applied receiver operating characteristic (ROC) precision-recall (PR) curves, calibration decision curve analysis. Results A total 4,950 participants (mean age: 73.46 ± 9.93 years), including 50.4% females, enrolled in study. During follow-up 2011 2018, 697 (14.1%) developed CVD, 486 (9.8%) heart disease 263 (5.3%) stroke. outperformed six IR indices predicting demonstrating significant linear relationship all outcomes. Each 1-unit increase was associated 14%, 19% lower risk disease, stroke, respectively, fully adjusted model. incorporation significantly improved prediction performance area under ROC PR curves equal or exceeding 0.90 both training testing sets. Conclusions outperforms stroke CKM syndrome stages 0–3. Its enhances stratification may aid early identification high-risk this population. Further studies are needed validate these findings external cohorts. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Association of the triglyceride glucose-waist height ratio with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis

Lipids in Health and Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

This study evaluated the associations of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index or its attendant parameters, known as reliable measures insulin resistance, with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS), along their value for distinguishing individuals a notable aICAS burden. enrolled 2000 participants (aged ≥ 40 years) based on Rose IntraCranial Artery Stenosis study. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound combined magnetic resonance angiography was utilized to confirm aICAS. Logistic regression applied assess between TyG TyG-related indices (TyG-body mass index, TyG-waist circumference [TyG-WC], TyG-waist-to-hip ratio [TyG-WHR], TyG-waist-to-height [TyG-WHtR]) and The diagnostic potential them investigated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Among participants, 146 (7.3%) had diagnosis TyG-WC, TyG-WHR, TyG-WHtR were independently related prevalence (TyG-WC: OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.03-1.54; TyG-WHR: 1.29, 1.07-1.55; TyG-WHtR: 1.25, 1.04-1.51). ROC analysis disclosed that significant superior performance in identifying compared other parameters (all P < 0.05). Subgroup revealed higher values showed positive association heightened observed elderly aged 65 years (OR 1.69, 1.20-2.38), hypertensive patients 1.30, 1.06-1.59). might be more effective indicator populations early-stage

Язык: Английский

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Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Risk Scores, Metabolic Parameters, and Laboratory Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes

Life, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 722 - 722

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors are known to provide cardioprotective effects, but their influence on validated cardiovascular risk models remains underexplored. This study assessed the impact SGLT2 scores, metabolic parameters, and laboratory profiles over six months. Methods: was conducted 152 T2DM patients initiating inhibitors. evaluated using SCORE2-DM model at baseline after Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) analysis temporal stratification changes. Metabolic parameters were analyzed repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: scores decreased significantly, i.e., from 21.68 17.43 (p < 0.001). Systolic diastolic blood pressure reduced by 9.21 mmHg 6.16 mmHg, respectively BMI declined 1.27 kg/m2 0.001), HbA1c 1.38% Triglyceride levels dropped 22.91 mg/dL while renal remained stable. The GEE confirmed significant shifts lower categories (β = −0.777, p with comparable efficacy between empagliflozin dapagliflozin 0.922). Conclusions: inhibitor therapy significantly reduces improves patients. These findings highlight importance integrating into comprehensive cardiometabolic management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Exploiting E3 Ligases for Lung Cancer Therapy: The Promise of DCAF-PROTACs

Pathology - Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 270, С. 156001 - 156001

Опубликована: Май 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Association between insulin resistance surrogates and elevated blood pressure among US adolescent aged 12-17

Опубликована: Май 13, 2025

Background Adolescent with elevated blood pressure (BP) have a higher probability of developing hypertension in adulthood and is associated premature cardiovascular disease adulthood. Although previous studies established positive association between insulin resistance (IR) adult hypertension, the relationship IR BP adolescents remains unclear. This study aimed to explore different surrogates among US aged 12–17. Methods cross-sectional included 12–17 from 1999–2018 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted multivariable logistic regression models, subgroup analysis, trend tests restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used evaluate triglyceride glucose (TyG index), glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI), glucose-waist height ratio (TyG-WHtR) BP. Results include 4831 participants, which 723 had After adjusting for various potential confounders, TyG, TyG-BMI TyG-WHtR exhibited significant correlations trends correlation [TyG index: adjusted odds ratios (aOR): 2.15, 95%confidence interval (CI): 1.78–2.59, p < 0.001; TyG-BMI: aOR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.01–1.01, 1.94, 1.73–2.18, 0.001]. Subgroup analysis showed that was consistently positively across all subgroups. RCS models revealed non-linear TyG-BMI, (p overall 0.001, nonlinear 0.05). Conclusions Elevated levels TyG index, prevalence adolescent

Язык: Английский

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SGO enhanced random forest and extreme gradient boosting framework for heart disease prediction

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 25, 2025

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global health concern, accounting for approximately 31.5% of deaths worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 20.5 million people succumb CVD each year—a figure projected rise 24.2 by 2030. Early diagnosis is critical and can be facilitated monitoring key risk factors such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, diabetes, obesity. This study proposes heart prediction (HDP) model employing Random Forest (RF) eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) classifiers. Both models are further optimized through hyperparameter tuning using Social Group Optimization (SGO) algorithm. The was developed validated Cleveland Statlog datasets from UCI repository. Pre-optimization results RF yielded an accuracy (Acc.) 84% ROC-AUC score 92.03% on dataset, 88.09% Acc. with 97.50% Statlog. XGB classifier achieved 81.97% 90.73% Cleveland, 92.86% 96.14% After SGO-based optimization, improved 95.08% 95.26% 95.24% 98.18% Similarly, reached 93.44% 97.62% These highlight effectiveness SGO in enhancing ML performance medical problems. However, has certain limitations. evaluation conducted solely two benchmark datasets, which may not fully reflect diversity complexity real-world clinical populations. Furthermore, external validation independent or real-time data performed, limit generalizability results. computational cost associated optimization also assessed. Future research should focus validating across broader assessing applicability, analyzing efficiency ensure scalability adoption.

Язык: Английский

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The value of triglyceride glucose-body mass index, fasting blood glucose to HDL-C ratio, and platelet to HDL-C ratio in predicting abdominal aortic calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Renal Failure, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 47(1)

Опубликована: Май 26, 2025

The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (GHR), and platelet (PLT) HDL-C (PHR) are well-established markers of insulin resistance (IR), closely linked cardiovascular cerebrovascular diseases. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a key indicator subclinical atherosclerotic, is highly prevalent in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This study aimed explore the cross-sectional relationship between these IR indices AAC MHD patients identify most reliable predictive marker. We recruited 391 from two medical centers, with 297 meeting inclusion criteria. was detected via X-ray scanning lumbar spine, quantified by Kauppila scoring system. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined optimal cutoff values for dividing subjects into high-index low-index groups. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated association indices. prevalence whole group 72.4%. occurrence significantly higher than that group. Among three indices, PHR demonstrated highest stability when integrated combined model. Subgroup analyses confirmed robustness this across different age groups, sex, hypertension levels, comorbidities (CVD stroke history), smoking status. TyG-BMI, GHR were independently associated presence among Notably, showed strongest correlation AAC, suggesting its potential clinical utility risk stratification.

Язык: Английский

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