Outer membrane vesicles in gram-negative bacteria and its correlation with pathogenesis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

There is a widespread distribution of gram-negative bacteria worldwide, which are responsible for the deaths numerous patients each year. The illnesses they cause can be localized and systemic, these possess several key virulence factors that contribute to their pathogenicity. In recent years, distinct mechanisms pathogenesis have evolved remain largely unknown scientists medical experts. Among these, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) undoubtedly one most significant influencing virulence. OMVs contain various bacterial compounds diverse effects on host organisms immune system, potentially exacerbating disease inflammation while evading responses. This review comprehensively examines role in pathogenesis, interaction with cells, potential biomedical applications. Understanding molecular governing OMV biogenesis function could pave way novel antimicrobial strategies therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: mechanism, progress, challenges and prospects

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Язык: Английский