Comprehensive mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in plants, detoxification, and remediation

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 450, С. 131039 - 131039

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Cadmium toxicity in medicinal plants: An overview of the tolerance strategies, biotechnological and omics approaches to alleviate metal stress

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Medicinal plants, an important source of herbal medicine, are gaining more demand with the growing human needs in recent times. However, these medicinal plants have been recognized as one possible sources heavy metal toxicity humans exposed to cadmium-rich soil and water because extensive industrial agricultural operations. Cadmium (Cd) is extremely hazardous that has a deleterious impact on plant development productivity. These uptake Cd by symplastic, apoplastic, or via specialized transporters such HMA, MTPs, NRAMP, ZIP, ZRT-IRT-like proteins. exerts its effect producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) interfere range metabolic physiological pathways. Studies shown it detrimental effects various growth stages like germination, vegetative reproductive analyzing anatomical, morphological biochemical changes (changes photosynthetic machinery membrane permeability). Also, respond using enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Furthermore, ROS generated due stress alters genes actively involved signal transduction. Thus, biosynthetic pathway secondary metabolite altered thereby affecting synthesis metabolites either enhancing suppressing production. The present review discusses abundance incorporation, accumulation translocation phytotoxic implications, morphological, physiological, molecular responses toxicity. It explains detoxification mechanisms exhibited further omics biotechnological strategies genetic engineering gene editing CRISPR- Cas 9 approach ameliorate stress.

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics interventions prompt crop improvement against metal(loid) toxicity

Plant Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

The escalating challenges posed by metal(loid) toxicity in agricultural ecosystems, exacerbated rapid climate change and anthropogenic pressures, demand urgent attention. Soil contamination is a critical issue because it significantly impacts crop productivity. widespread threat of can jeopardize global food security due to contaminated supplies pose environmental risks, contributing soil water pollution thus impacting the whole ecosystem. In this context, plants have evolved complex mechanisms combat stress. Amid array innovative approaches, omics, notably transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, emerged as transformative tools, shedding light on genes, proteins, key metabolites involved stress responses tolerance mechanisms. These identified candidates hold promise for developing high-yielding crops with desirable agronomic traits. Computational biology tools like bioinformatics, biological databases, analytical pipelines support these omics approaches harnessing diverse information facilitating mapping genotype-to-phenotype relationships under conditions. This review explores: (1) multifaceted strategies that use adapt their environment; (2) latest findings metal(loid)-mediated metabolomics studies across various plant species; (3) integration data artificial intelligence high-throughput phenotyping; (4) bioinformatics single and/or multi-omics integration; (5) insights into adaptations future outlooks; (6) capacity advances creating sustainable resilient thrive metal(loid)-contaminated environments.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of cadmium on transcription, physiology, and ultrastructure of two tobacco cultivars

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 869, С. 161751 - 161751

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles mitigated the arsenic induced oxidative stress through modulation of physio-biochemical aspects and nutritional ions homeostasis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 338, С. 139566 - 139566

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Antagonistic impact on cadmium stress in alfalfa supplemented with nano-zinc oxide and biochar via upregulating metal detoxification

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 443, С. 130309 - 130309

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022

Eco-toxicological estimation of cadmium induced damages by morpho-physiological and cellular response could be an insightful strategy to alleviate negative impact Cd in agricultural crops. The current study revealed novel patterns Cd-bioaccumulation mechanism opted alfalfa acquire tolerance under various soil applied zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) doses (0, 30, 60, 90 mg kg-1), combined with 2% biochar (BC). Herein, the potential these amendments was justified decreased increased Zn-bioaccumulation into roots 38 % 48 shoots 51 72 respectively, co-exposure nZnO BC. As, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) scanning energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) ultrastructural observations confirmed that Cd-exposure stomatal closure, caused damage leaves ultrastructure as compared control group. On contrary, above-mentioned traits were reversed a higher dose, further aggravated adding BC along nZnO. Furthermore, levels efficiently alleviated Cd-mediated reductions biomass, antioxidant enzymatic response, gaseous exchange than control. Overall, application kg-1 (2 %) impactful averting stress ensuring better plant performance. Thereby, applying emerge promising green remediation techniques enhance crop Cd-polluted soil.

Язык: Английский

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Applications of Metabolomics for the Elucidation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: A Special Focus on Osmotic Stress and Heavy Metal Toxicity

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 269 - 269

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Plants undergo metabolic perturbations under various abiotic stress conditions; due to their sessile nature, the network of plants requires continuous reconfigurations in response environmental stimuli maintain homeostasis and combat stress. The comprehensive analysis these features will thus give an overview plant responses strategies applied mitigate deleterious effects conditions at a biochemical level. In recent years, adoption metabolomics studies has gained significant attention growing technological advances analytical biochemistry (plant metabolomics). complexity landscape sophisticated, advanced methods. As such, advancements field have been realized, aided much by development refinement separatory techniques, including liquid gas chromatography (LC GC), often hyphenated state-of-the-art detection instruments such as mass spectrometry (MS) or nuclear resonance magnetic (NMR) spectroscopy. Significant developments techniques are briefly highlighted this review. enormous progress made far also comes with dawn Internet Things (IoT) technology housed machine learning (ML)-based computational tools for data acquisition, mining, 4IR era allowing broader coverage biological interpretation cellular status varying conditions. Thus, scientists can paint holistic roadmap predictive models metabolite-guided crop improvement. current review outlines application related elucidating stress, mainly focusing on heavy metal toxicity subsequent osmotic tolerance.

Язык: Английский

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Mitigation mechanism of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cadmium toxicity in tomato

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Cadmium (Cd) pollution seriously reduces the yield and quality of vegetables. Reducing Cd accumulation in vegetables is great significance for improving food safety sustainable agricultural development. Here, using tomato as material, we analyzed effect foliar spraying with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on tolerance seedlings. Foliar ZnO NPs improved by increasing photosynthesis efficiency antioxidative capacity, while it reduced 40.2% roots 34.5% leaves but increased Zn content 33.9% 78.6% leaves. also contents copper (Cu) manganese (Mn) Cd-treated Subsequent metabonomic analysis showed that exposure alleviated fluctuation metabolic profiling response to toxicity, had a more prominent than roots. Correlation revealed several differentially accumulated metabolites were positively or negatively correlated growth parameters physiol-biochemical indexes. We found flavonoids alkaloid may play an important role NP-alleviated toxicity Taken together, results this study indicated effectively seedlings; moreover, oxidative damage, absorption trace elements, caused thus alleviating Cd-induced inhibition This will enable us better understand how regulate plant development provide new insights into use reducing

Язык: Английский

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Research progress of the detection and analysis methods of heavy metals in plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Heavy metal (HM)-induced stress can lead to the enrichment of HMs in plants thereby threatening people's lives and health via food chain. For this reason, there is an urgent need for some reliable practical techniques detect analyze absorption, distribution, accumulation, chemical form, transport reducing or regulating HM content. Not only does it help explore mechanism plant response, but also holds significant importance cultivating with low levels HMs. Even though field has garnered attention recently, minority researchers have systematically summarized different methods analysis. This paper outlines detection analysis applied recent years determining concentration plants, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), atomic absorption (AAS), fluorescence (AFS), X-ray spectroscopy (XAS), (XRF), laser ablation-inductively plasma-mass (LA-ICP-MS), non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) omics molecular biology approaches. They forms, spatial uptake plants. paper, principles behind these are clarified, their advantages disadvantages highlighted, applications explored, guidance selecting appropriate study provided later research. It expected promote innovation development HM-detection technologies offer ideas future research concerning accumulation

Язык: Английский

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Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Mitigate Cadmium Toxicity: Mechanisms and Future Prospects

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(12), С. 1706 - 1706

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024

Cadmium (Cd), as the most prevalent heavy metal contaminant poses serious risks to plants, humans, and environment. The ubiquity of this toxic is continuously increasing due rapid discharge industrial mining effluents excessive use chemical fertilizers. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged a novel strategy alleviate Cd toxicity. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) become important NPs used mitigate toxicity abiotic stresses improve crop productivity. plants quickly absorb Cd, which subsequently disrupts plant physiological biochemical processes increases production reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes oxidation cellular structures significant growth losses. Besides this, also leaf osmotic pressure, nutrient uptake, membrane stability, chlorophyll synthesis, enzyme activities, leading reduction in biomass Though possess an excellent defense mechanism counteract toxicity, not enough counter higher concentrations Applying Zn-NPs has proven potential mitigating effects Cd. ZnO-NPs photosynthetic efficiency, gene expression, can help stress. Additionally, reduce absorption accumulation complex relationship between ZnO-NPs, osmolytes, hormones, secondary metabolites plays role tolerance. Thus, review concentrates on exploring diverse mechanisms by ZnO plants. In end, identified various research gaps that need addressing ensure promising future findings contribute gaining deeper understanding combating promote safer sustainable remediating Cd-polluted soils. This allows for development eco-friendly approaches remediate soils soil fertility environmental quality.

Язык: Английский

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