Journal of Dental Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 29, 2024
Head
and
neck
cancer
(HNC)
is
the
sixth
most
diagnosed
cancer,
treatment
typically
consists
of
surgical
removal
tumor
followed
by
ionizing
radiation
(IR).
While
excellent
at
controlling
growth,
IR
often
damages
salivary
glands
due
to
their
proximity
common
sites.
Radiation
damage
results
in
loss
secretory
function,
causing
severe
chronic
reductions
flow.
This
leads
patient-reported
sensation
dry
mouth,
termed
Theranostics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(10), С. 4127 - 4146
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Biomarker-driven
molecular
imaging
has
emerged
as
an
integral
part
of
cancer
precision
radiotherapy.
The
use
probes,
including
nanoprobes,
have
been
explored
in
radiotherapy
to
precisely
and
noninvasively
monitor
spatiotemporal
distribution
biomarkers,
potentially
revealing
tumor-killing
mechanisms
therapy-induced
adverse
effects
during
radiation
treatment.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Despite
the
diverse
applications
of
γ
radiation
in
radiotherapy,
industrial
processes,
and
sterilization,
it
causes
hazardous
effects
on
living
organisms,
such
as
cellular
senescence,
persistent
cell
cycle
arrest,
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
This
study
evaluated
efficacy
curcumin
nanoparticles
(CNPs)
mitigating
dysfunction
senescence
induced
by
rat
brain
tissues.
Four
groups
male
Wistar
albino
rats
(n
=
8
per
group)
were
included:
(Gr1)
control
group;
(Gr2)
CNPs
group
(healthy
receiving
oral
administration
at
a
dose
10
mg/kg/day,
three
times
week
for
eight
weeks);
(Gr3)
irradiated
(rats
exposed
to
single
Gy
head
irradiation);
(Gr4)
+
(irradiated
treated
with
CNPs).
The
data
obtained
demonstrated
that
weeks
attenuated
oxidative
stress
γ-irradiated
lowering
brain's
lipid
peroxidation
level
[malondialdehyde
(MDA)]
enhancing
antioxidant
markers
[superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
reduced
glutathione
(GSH),
total
capacity
(TAC)]
(P
<
0.05).
In
addition,
significantly
increased
function
improving
complex
I,
II,
ATP
production
levels
compared
group.
rats,
also
showed
anti-neuroinflammatory
reducing
interleukin
6
(IL-6),
tumor
necrosis
factor-alpha
(TNF-α),
nuclear
factor-kappa
B
(NF-ĸB)
Moreover,
administered
β-galactosidase
activity
expression
p53,
p21,
p16
genes
0.05)
while
concurrently
inducing
significant
increase
AMPK
mRNA
conclusion,
ameliorated
neurotoxicity
hold
promise
novel
agent
delay
via
their
combined
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
mitochondrial-enhancing
properties.
Abstract
Accumulating
evidence
suggests
that
changes
in
the
tumor
microenvironment
caused
by
radiotherapy
are
closely
related
to
recurrence
of
glioma.
However,
mechanisms
which
such
radiation‐induced
involved
regrowth
have
not
yet
been
fully
investigated.
In
present
study,
how
cranial
irradiation‐induced
senescence
non‐neoplastic
brain
cells
contributes
glioma
progression
is
explored.
It
observed
senescent
facilitated
enhancing
peripheral
recruitment
myeloid
inflammatory
glioblastoma.
Further,
it
identified
astrocytes
one
most
susceptible
populations
and
they
promoted
chemokine
secretion
via
senescence‐associated
secretory
phenotype.
By
using
senolytic
agents
after
eliminate
these
substantially
prolonged
survival
time
preclinical
models.
The
findings
suggest
tumor‐promoting
role
irradiated
emphasize
translational
relevance
for
efficacy
gliomas.
Anticancer
therapy
screening
in
vitro
identifies
additional
treatments
and
improves
clinical
outcomes.
Systematically,
although
most
tested
cells
respond
to
cues
with
apoptosis,
an
appreciable
portion
enters
a
senescent
state,
critical
condition
potentially
driving
tumor
resistance
relapse.
Conventional
protocols
would
strongly
benefit
from
prompt
identification
monitoring
of
therapy-induced
(TIS)
their
native
form.
We
combined
complementary
all-optical,
label-free,
quantitative
microscopy
techniques,
based
on
coherent
Raman
scattering,
multiphoton
absorption,
interferometry,
explore
the
early
onset
progression
this
phenotype,
which
has
been
understudied
unperturbed
conditions.
identified
TIS
manifestations
as
24
hours
following
treatment,
consisting
substantial
mitochondrial
rearrangement
increase
volume
dry
mass,
followed
by
accumulation
lipid
vesicles
starting
at
72
hours.
This
work
holds
potential
affect
anticancer
treatment
research,
offering
rapid,
accurate
method
identify
initial
cells.
Abstract
Radiotherapy
destroys
cancer
cells
and
inevitably
harms
normal
human
tissues,
causing
delayed
effects
of
acute
radiation
exposure
(DEARE)
accelerating
the
aging
process
in
most
survivors.
However,
effective
methods
for
preventing
premature
induced
by
ionizing
are
lacking.
In
this
study,
mice
DEARE
model
was
established
after
6
Gy
total
body
irradiation
(TBI).
Then
therapeutic
mechanism
nicotinamide
riboside
on
were
evaluated.
The
results
showed
that
TBI
hematopoietic
system
mice.
Nicotinamide
treatment
reversed
spleen
phenotypes
inhibiting
cellular
senescence
ameliorated
serum
metabolism
profiles.
Further
demonstrated
supplementation
alleviated
myeloid
bias
stem
temporarily
restored
regenerative
capacity
probably
mitigating
reactive
oxygen
species
activated
GCN2/eIF2α/ATF4
signaling
pathway.
study
firstly
indicate
shows
potential
as
a
agent
radiation‐exposed
populations
patients
who
received
radiotherapy.
Abstract
Senescent
cells
increase
in
many
tissues
with
age
and
induce
age‐related
pathologies,
including
osteoarthritis
(OA).
chondrocytes
(SnCs)
are
found
OA
cartilage,
the
clearance
of
those
prevents
progression.
However,
targeting
SnCs
is
challenging
due
to
absence
a
senescent
chondrocyte‐specific
marker.
Therefore,
we
used
flow
cytometry
screen
select
chondrocyte
surface
markers
cross‐validated
published
transcriptomic
data.
Chondrocytes
expressing
dipeptidyl
peptidase‐4
(DPP‐4),
selected
marker,
had
multiple
senescence
phenotypes,
such
as
increased
senescence‐associated‐galactosidase,
p16,
p21,
senescence‐associated
secretory
phenotype
expression,
showed
phenotypes.
To
examine
effects
DPP‐4
inhibition
on
DPP‐4+
SnCs,
sitagliptin,
inhibitor,
was
treated
vitro.
As
result,
selectively
eliminates
without
affecting
DPP‐4‐
chondrocytes.
assess
vivo
therapeutic
efficacy
three
known
senolytics
(ABT263,
17DMAG,
metformin)
sitagliptin
were
comparatively
verified
DMM‐induced
rat
model.
Sitagliptin
treatment
specifically
effectively
eliminated
compared
other
senolytics.
Furthermore,
Intra‐articular
injection
model
collagen
type
II
proteoglycan
expression
physical
functions
decreased
cartilage
destruction,
subchondral
bone
plate
thickness
MMP13
leading
amelioration
Collectively,
OARSI
score
lowest
group.
Taken
together,
marker
for
suggested
that
selective
could
be
promising
strategy
prevent
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Estrogen
receptor
positive
(ER
+
)
breast
cancer
is
the
most
common
diagnosed
annually
in
US
with
endocrine-based
therapy
as
standard-of-care
for
this
subtype.
Endocrine
includes
treatment
antiestrogens,
such
selective
estrogen
modulators
(SERMs),
downregulators
(SERDs),
and
aromatase
inhibitors
(AIs).
Despite
appreciable
remission
achievable
these
treatments,
a
substantial
cohort
of
women
will
experience
primary
tumor
recurrence,
subsequent
metastasis,
eventual
death
due
to
their
disease.
In
cases,
cells
have
become
resistant
endocrine
therapy,
resistance
identified
major
obstacle
medical
oncologist
patient.
To
combat
development
resistance,
options
ER
,
HER2
negative
now
include
CDK4/6
used
adjuvants
antiestrogen
treatment.
addition
dysregulated
activity
CDK4/6,
plethora
genetic
biochemical
mechanisms
been
that
contribute
resistance.
These
mechanisms,
which
by
lab-based
studies
utilizing
appropriate
cell
animal
models
cancer,
clinical
gene
expression
profiles
identify
candidate
genes,
are
subject
review.
addition,
we
discuss
molecular
targeting
strategies
utilized
conjunction
or
target
cells.
Of
approaches
currently
being
explored
improve
efficacy
patient
outcome,
two
adaptive
survival
autophagy,
“reversible”
senescence,
considered
targets.
Autophagy
and/or
senescence
induction
response
treatments
often
induced
inhibitors.
Unfortunately,
effective
pathways
not
yet
successfully
developed.
Thus,
there
an
urgent
need
continued
interrogation
autophagy
clinically
relevant
long-term
goal
identifying
new
targets
improved
cancer.
