Bile Acids, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, and Related Diseases

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(14), С. 1888 - 1888

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023

The intestinal barrier is a precisely regulated semi-permeable physiological structure that absorbs nutrients and protects the internal environment from infiltration of pathological molecules microorganisms. Bile acids are small synthesized cholesterol in liver, secreted into duodenum, transformed to secondary or tertiary bile by gut microbiota. interact with acid receptors (BARs) microbiota, which plays key role maintaining homeostasis barrier. In this review, we summarize discuss recent studies on disorder associated dysfunction related diseases. We focus roles acids, BARs, microbiota triggering dysfunction. Insights for future prevention treatment diseases provided.

Язык: Английский

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Bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Bile acids are critical for the digestion and absorption of lipids fat-soluble vitamins; however, evidence continues to emerge supporting additional roles bile as signaling molecules. After they synthesized from cholesterol in liver, primary modified into secondary by gut flora contributing a diverse pool making composition highly sensitive alterations microbiota. Disturbances acid homeostasis have been observed patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). In fact, decrease was shown occur because IBD-associated dysbiosis. Further, increase luminal due malabsorption Crohn's ileitis ileal resection has implicated induction diarrhea exacerbation inflammation. A causal link between intestinal inflammation recently suggested. With respect potential mechanisms related IBD, several studies provided strong direct effects on permeability porcine rodent models well humans. Interestingly, different were exert distinct inflammatory response that require careful consideration. Such findings revealed effect changes relative abundance development IBD. This review summarizes current knowledge about mediators modulators mainly context bowel diseases.

Язык: Английский

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The role of bile acids in human aging

Medical Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(2), С. 154 - 157

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Bile acids are recognized as important signaling molecules that enable fine-tuned inter-communication from the liver, through intestine, to virtually any organ, thus encouraging their pleiotropic physiological effects. Aging is a complex natural process defined progressive decline in cellular and organismal functions. A causal link between bile aging emerging. However, there gaps our understanding of molecular mechanisms precise targets responsible for alteration acid profiles role process. Intestinal barrier dysfunction leads endotoxemia, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, diabetes, lipid accumulation, obesity fatty liver diseases, health death. In fact, intestinal suggested be an evolutionarily conserved hallmark aging. may modulate by regulating integrity.

Язык: Английский

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Astragalus polysaccharides-induced gut microbiota play a predominant role in enhancing of intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Abstract Background The intestinal barrier is the first line of defense against invasion by pathogens and foreign antigens closely associated with gut microbiota. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have a long history use in traditional Chinese medicine owing to its protective properties function. mechanism APS-induced microbiota enhancing function urgently needed. Results Dietary polysaccharide deprivation induced dysfunction, decreased growth performance, altered microbial composition ( Faecalibacterium , Dorea Coprobacillus ), reduced isobutyrate concentration. results showed that APS facilitates broiler chickens, including thicker mucus layer, crypt depth, tight junction proteins. We studied landscape found selectively promoted Parabacteroides commensal bacterium plays predominant role An vitro assay further verified increased abundance distasonis Bacteroides uniformis. supplementation concentrations bile acid (mainly chenodeoxycholic deoxycholate acid) activated signaling pathways related (such as protein processing endoplasmic reticulum, junctions, adherens pathways). Conclusions intervention restored dietary polysaccharide-induced dysfunction promoting distasonis, increasing acids CDCA DCA). These findings suggest metabolic niches are promising strategies for Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential for Infections

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 702 - 702

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024

Bile acids (BAs) play a crucial role in the human body's defense against infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. BAs counteract not only through interactions with intestinal bacteria exhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity but they also directly combat infections. Building upon our research group's previous discoveries highlighting of combating infections, we have initiated an in-depth investigation into between microbiota. Leveraging existing literature, offer comprehensive analysis relationships 16 key This encompasses (e.g.,

Язык: Английский

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Effects of bile acid metabolism on intestinal health of livestock and poultry

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 108(5), С. 1258 - 1269

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Bile acids are synthesised in the liver and essential amphiphilic steroids for maintaining balance of cholesterol energy metabolism livestock poultry. They can be used as novel feed additives to promote fat utilisation diet absorption fat-soluble substances improve performance enhance carcass quality. With development understanding intestinal health, bile acid is closely related composition growth microbiota, inflammatory response, metabolic diseases. This paper systematically reviews effects on gut health microbiology livestock. In addition, our summarised role disease control.

Язык: Английский

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Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Strategic Interventions for Infections

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Bile acids (BAs) play a crucial role in the human body's defense against infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. BAs counteract not only through interactions with intestinal bacteria exhibiting bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) activity but also directly combat infections. Building upon our research group's previous discoveries highlighting of combating infections, we have initiated an in-depth investigation into between microbiota. Leveraging existing literature, offer comprehensive analysis relationships 16 key This encompasses (e.g., Clostridioides difficile, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacteroides, Clostridium scindens, Streptococcus thermophilus, Saccharomyces boulardii, butyricum, Lactic Acid Bacteria), fungi Candida albicans), viruses Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, norovirus). Our underscores critical interplay microbiota, including Bacteria, maintaining homeostasis It is imperative to note that Primary acid (PBA) Secondary (SBA) often exhibit distinct roles anti-infection process. In antimicrobial action BAs, SBA demonstrate antagonistic properties wide range exception Norovirus. Given intricate their regulatory effects on assert hold significant potential as novel approach for preventing treating microbial

Язык: Английский

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Microbiota-accessible fiber activates short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism to improve intestinal mucus barrier in broiler chickens

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

ABSTRACT Dietary polysaccharides are closely associated with gut microbiota and intestinal function homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which β-glucan, arabinoxylan, resistant starch selectively modulate microbiota-derived metabolites protect mucus barrier in broiler chicken. In present study, cecal samples from 21-day-old broilers were cultured vitro or as sole carbon source. We found that arabinoxylan alter community structure target enrichment of Bacteroides , Lactobacillus, Coprococcus Butyricicoccus Ruminococcus Blautia respectively. Notably, supplementing fiber-deficient diets starch, but not improved increase concentration short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). addition, we illustrated through bacterial cultures supplementation resulted a change biotransformation secondary bile acids. Our findings provide insight into how may mediate production SCFAs acid improve function. IMPORTANCE The barrier, located at interface epithelium microbiota, is first line defense against pathogenic microorganisms environmental antigens. polysaccharides, act microbiota-accessible fiber, play key role regulation microbial communities. However, mechanism via dietary fiber affects targeted clear. provides fundamental evidence for benefits chickens improvement ecosystem. suggest fiber-gut microbiota-short-chain acid/bile axis plays regulating

Язык: Английский

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Effects of gut bacteria and their metabolites on gut health of animals

Advances in applied microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 223 - 252

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Reverses Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice via Modulation of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Microbiome Dysregulation

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 390(1), С. 116 - 124

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that can lead to persistent damage and even cancer without any intervention. Conventional treatments alleviate UC symptoms but are costly cause various side effects. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a secondary bile derivative, possesses anti-inflammatory cytoprotective properties for diseases, its potential therapeutic benefits in have not been fully explored. Methods: Mice were subjected induction using 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The effect of TUDCA was evaluated by body weight loss, activity index (DAI), colon length, spleen ratio. Tissue pathology assessed H&E staining, while the levels pro-inflammatory cytokines colonic tissue quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Tight junction proteins detected immunoblotting intestinal permeability fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. Moreover, gut microbiota profiled high-throughput sequencing 16S rDNA gene. Results: alleviated mice, involving reduced DAI, attenuated enlargement, ameliorated histopathological lesions, normalized cytokines. Furthermore, treatment inhibited downregulation barrier including ZO-1 occludin, thus reducing permeability. analysis suggested modulated dysbiosis mice with colitis, especially remarkable rise Akkermansia. Conclusion: TUDCA exerted efficacy DSS-induced inflammation, protecting integrity, restoring balance. Significance Statement This study demonstrates (TUDCA) ulcerative (UC). effectively integrity microbiota. work highlights promising role as potentially alternative treatment, offering new insights into managing this debilitating condition.

Язык: Английский

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