Visualization and Quantification of Facemask Leakage Flows and Interpersonal Transmission with Varying Face Coverings

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024

Although mask-wearing is now widespread, knowledge of how to quantify or improve its performance remains surprisingly limited and largely based on empirical evidence. The objective this study was visualize the expiratory airflows from facemasks evaluate aerosol transmission between two persons. Different visualization methods were explored, including Schlieren optical system, laser/LED-particle imaging thermal camera, vapor-SarGel system. leakage flows escaped aerosols quantified using a hotwire anemometer particle counter, respectively. results show that reduces exhaled flow velocity 2~4 m/s (with no facemask) around 0.1 m/s, thus decreasing droplet speeds. Cloth, surgical, KN95 masks showed varying at nose top, sides, chin. rate also differed inhalation exhalation. neck gaiter has low filtration efficiency high fractions, providing protection efficiency. There considerable deposition in mouth-nose area, as well neck, chin, jaw, which heightened risk self-inoculation through spontaneous face-touching. A face shield plus surgical mask greatly reduced droplets head, face, indicating double coverings can be highly effective when single insufficient. system provided practical approach interpersonal under close contact scenarios with different coverings.

Язык: Английский

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Visualization and Quantification of Facemask Leakage Flows and Interpersonal Transmission with Varying Face Coverings

Fluids, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(7), С. 166 - 166

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024

Although mask-wearing is now widespread, the knowledge of how to quantify or improve their performance remains surprisingly limited and largely based on empirical evidence. The objective this study was visualize expiratory airflows from facemasks evaluate aerosol transmission between two persons. Different visualization methods were explored, including Schlieren optical system, laser/LED-particle imaging thermal camera, vapor–SarGel system. leakage flows escaped aerosols quantified using a hotwire anemometer particle counter, respectively. results show that reduces exhaled flow velocity 2~4 m/s (with no facemask) around 0.1 m/s, thus decreasing droplet speeds. Cloth, surgical, KN95 masks showed varying at nose top, sides, chin. rate also differed inhalation exhalation. neck gaiter has low filtration efficiency high fractions, providing protection efficiency. There considerable deposition in mouth–nose area, as well neck, chin, jaw, which heightened risk self-inoculation through spontaneous face-touching. A face shield plus surgical mask greatly reduced droplets head, face, indicating double coverings can be highly effective when single insufficient. system provided practical approach interpersonal under close contact scenarios with different coverings.

Язык: Английский

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Facemask vapor trapping, condensation, and thermoregulation

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 234, С. 126080 - 126080

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Facemask Vapor Trapping, Condensation, and Thermoregulation

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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