Noninvasive in vivo imaging of macrophages: understanding tumor microenvironments and delivery of therapeutics
Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
Macrophages
are
pivotal
in
the
body’s
defense
and
response
to
inflammation.
They
present
significant
numbers
widely
implicated
various
diseases,
including
cancer.
While
molecular
histological
techniques
have
advanced
our
understanding
of
macrophage
biology,
their
precise
function
within
cancerous
microenvironments
remains
underexplored.
Enhancing
knowledge
macrophages
dynamics
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
cancer
development
can
potentially
improve
therapeutic
management.
Notably,
also
been
harnessed
deliver
drugs.
Noninvasive
vivo
imaging
is
crucial
for
investigating
intricate
cellular
processes,
comprehending
underlying
mechanisms
tracking
cells
EVs’
migration,
devising
macrophage-dependent
drug-delivery
systems
living
organisms.
Thus,
has
become
an
indispensable
tool
biomedical
research.
The
integration
multimodal
approaches
continued
novel
contrast
agents
hold
promise
overcoming
current
limitations
expanding
applications
imaging.
This
study
comprehensively
reviews
several
methods
labeling
modalities,
assessing
merits
drawbacks
each
approach.
review
concludes
by
offering
insights
into
applicability
real
time
monitoring
preclinical
clinical
scenarios.
Язык: Английский
The Complex Role of Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: From Pathogenetic Factor to Therapeutic Target
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(2), С. 445 - 445
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
The
role
of
gut
microbiota
(GM)
and
intestinal
dysbiosis
in
triggering
the
onset
and/or
modulating
severity
progression
lupus
nephritis
(LN)
has
been
object
intense
research
over
last
few
years.
Some
alterations
at
phyla
level,
such
as
abundance
Proteobacteria
reduction
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
(F/B)
ratio
α-diversity
have
consistently
reported
systemic
erythematosus
(SLE),
whereas
a
more
specific
ascribed
to
some
species
(Bacteroides
thetaiotaomicron
Ruminococcus
gnavus)
LN.
Underlying
mechanisms
include
microbial
translocation
through
"leaky
gut"
subsequent
molecular
mimicry,
immune
dysregulation
(alteration
IFNγ
levels
balance
between
Treg
Th17
subsets),
epigenetic
interactions.
Levels
bacterial
metabolites,
butyrate
other
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
appear
play
key
Beyond
components
GM,
virome
mycobiome
are
also
increasingly
recognized
important
players
modulation
an
response.
On
hand,
microbiota-based
therapy
appears
promising
includes
diet,
prebiotics,
probiotics,
symbiotics,
fecal
transplantation
(FMT).
could
correct
critical
alterations,
F/B
Treg/Th17
imbalance,
blunt
production
autoantibodies
renal
damage.
Despite
current
limits,
GM
is
emerging
powerful
environmental
factor
that
be
harnessed
interfere
with
leading
SLE,
preventing
flares
organ
damage,
including
aim
this
review
provide
state-of-the-art
analysis
SLE
LN
on
one
while
exploring
possible
therapeutic
manipulation
control
disease
hand.
Язык: Английский
Advances in magnetic affinity-based isolation/detection of exosomes for robust diagnostics
Microchimica Acta,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
192(4)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2025
The
review
article
provides
a
short
introduction
to
exosomes
with
the
focus
use
as
disease
markers
itself
(i.e.
their
concentration
or
presence
of
some
specific
receptors)
source
biomarkers
such
proteins
and
metabolites.
In
detail,
we
are
discussing
various
methods
exosome
isolation
main
paper
is
on
affinity
capture
exosomes,
since
them
can
be
applied
sub-populations
produced
by
organs.
comprehensive
overview
magnetic
(bio)affinity
detection
exosomal
cargo
using
different
ligands
antibodies,
DNA
aptamers,
peptides,
glycan-based
recognition,
transferrin-based
approaches,
based
recognition
phospholipids
other
approaches
including
electrostatic
interactions.
in
detail
key
analytical
clinical
parameters
form
an
extensive
table
summarising
outcomes
published
last
two
years
(2023-2024).
Finally,
also
conclusions
sections
pros
cons
for
and/or
determination
content.
Язык: Английский
Extracellular Vesicles and Pregnancy-Related Hypertensive Disorders: A Descriptive Review on the Possible Implications “From Bench to Bedside”
Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(3), С. 240 - 240
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Pregnancy
involves
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
through
mechanisms
that
are
poorly
understood
to
date.
Furthermore,
it
is
not
surprising
EVs
may
also
be
involved
in
the
pathophysiology
of
pre-eclampsia
(PE)
and
gestational
hypertension,
two
clinical
conditions
with
high
morbidity
mortality,
given
their
capacity
mediate
intracellular
communications
regulate
inflammation
angiogenesis.
We
searched
major
online
scientific
search
engines
(PubMed,
Google
Scholar,
Scopus,
WES,
Embase,
etc.)
using
terms
“Preeclampsia”,
“Pregnancy”,
“Hypertension”,
“Pregnancy-related
hypertension”,
“Extracellular
vesicles”,
“Biomarkers”,
“Gestation”
AND
“Obstetrics”.
Finding
potential
early
biomarkers
risk
or
illness
progression
would
essential
for
optimum
care
expectant
mothers
aforementioned
conditions.
Nevertheless,
none
various
screening
assays
have
been
discovered
recently
shown
predictive
values.
The
analysis
peripheral
blood
starting
from
first
trimester
pregnancy
hold
great
promise
possible
correlation
hypertension
problems
represent
a
marker
stages
disease.
use
novel
therapeutic
approach
management
illnesses,
as
well.
In
order
define
EVs’
function
physiopathology
pregnancy-associated
PE,
well
tools,
we
compiled
most
recent
data
this
review.
Язык: Английский
Modular and Nondisturbing Chimeric Adaptor Protein for Surface Chemistry of Small Extracellular Vesicles
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 22, 2025
Current
chemical
strategies
for
modifying
the
surface
of
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
often
struggle
to
balance
efficient
functionalization
with
preserving
structural
integrity.
Here,
we
present
a
modular
approach
modification
sEVs
using
chimeric
adaptor
protein
(CAP).
The
CAP
was
designed
three
key
features:
SNAP-tag
stable
and
binding,
long
rigid
linker
enhance
spatial
accessibility
conjugation
efficiency,
N-terminal
sorting
domain
derived
from
syntenin
improve
expression
on
sEV.
We
established
postsynthetic
method
introduce
diverse
functional
molecules
onto
sEVs,
creating
versatile
system
termed
"sEV-X"
(where
X
represents
an
organic
molecule,
protein,
or
nanoparticle).
Quantitative
analyses
at
single-molecule
level
revealed
linear
relationship
between
number
conjugated
molecules,
underscoring
importance
steric
hindrance
mitigation
in
sEV
engineering.
Moreover,
antibody-conjugated
as
drug
carriers,
demonstrated
significant
tumor-specific
delivery
therapeutic
efficacy
tumor-bearing
mouse
model,
potential
CAP-expressing
customizable
vesicle.
Overall,
technology
may
serve
universal
platform
advancing
development
sEV-based
therapeutics.
Язык: Английский