Invasive Species, Environmental Change and Management, and Health

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Год журнала: 2010, Номер 35(1), С. 25 - 55

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2010

Invasive species are a major element of global change and contributing to biodiversity loss, ecosystem degradation, impairment services worldwide. Research is shedding new light on the ecological economic consequences invasions. New approaches emerging for describing evaluating impacts invasive species, translating these into monetary terms. The harmful effects invasions now widely recognized, multiscale programs in place many parts world reduce current future impacts. There has been an upsurge scientific research aimed at guiding management interventions. Among activities that receiving most attention have promise reducing problems risk assessment, pathway vector management, early detection, rapid response, mitigation restoration. Screening protocols introductions becoming more accurate shown cost-effective.

Язык: Английский

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Reducing redundancy in invasion ecology by integrating hypotheses into a single theoretical framework

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 15(1), С. 22 - 40

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2008

ABSTRACT Aim Invasion ecology includes many hypotheses. Empirical evidence suggests that most of these can explain the success some invaders to degree in circumstances. If they all are correct, what does this tell us about invasion? We illustrate major themes invasion ecology, and provide an overarching framework helps organize research foster links among subfields more generally. Location Global. Methods review synthesize 29 leading hypotheses plant ecology. Structured around propagule pressure (P), abiotic characteristics (A) biotic (B), with additional influence humans (H) on P, A B (hereon PAB), we show how fit into one paradigm. P is based size frequency introductions, incorporates ecosystem invasibility physical conditions, invading species (invasiveness), recipient community their interactions. Having justified PAB framework, propose a way which could progress. Results By highlighting common ground hypotheses, encumbered by theoretical redundancy be removed through integration. Using both holistic incremental approaches, guide quantify relative importance different mechanisms. Main conclusions prime aim identify main cause success, contend top‐down approach focuses maximizes efficiency. This identifies influential factors first, subsequently narrows number potential causal viewing as multifaceted process partitioned drivers broken down series sequential steps, theory rigorously tested, understanding improved effective weed management techniques identified.

Язык: Английский

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Traits Associated with Invasiveness in Alien Plants: Where Do we Stand?

Biological Invasions, Год журнала: 2007, Номер unknown, С. 97 - 125

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2007

Язык: Английский

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Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 104(10), С. 3883 - 3888

Опубликована: Март 1, 2007

Despite the increasing biological and economic impacts of invasive species, little is known about evolutionary mechanisms that favor geographic range expansion evolution invasiveness in introduced species. Here, we focus on wetland grass Phalaris arundinacea L. document consequences resulted from multiple uncontrolled introductions into North America genetic material native to different European regions. Continental-scale variation occurring reed canarygrass' has been reshuffled recombined within American populations, giving rise a number novel genotypes. This process alleviated bottlenecks throughout range, including peripheral where depletion diversity expected observed range. Moreover, canarygrass had higher heritable phenotypic its relative The resulting high potential populations allowed for rapid selection genotypes with vegetative colonization ability plasticity. Our results show repeated single species may inadvertently create harmful invaders adaptive potential. Such be able evolve response changing climate, allowing them have impact communities ecosystems future. More generally, immigration events thus trigger future adaptation spread population by preventing generating novelties through recombination.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptive evolution in invasive species

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 13(6), С. 288 - 294

Опубликована: Май 29, 2008

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of habitat modification and species invasion on native species decline

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 22(9), С. 489 - 496

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2007

Язык: Английский

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The more the better? The role of polyploidy in facilitating plant invasions

Annals of Botany, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 109(1), С. 19 - 45

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2011

Biological invasions are a major ecological and socio-economic problem in many parts of the world. Despite an explosion research recent decades, much remains to be understood about why some species become invasive whereas others do not. Recently, polyploidy (whole genome duplication) has been proposed as important determinant invasiveness plants. Genome duplication played role plant evolution can drastically alter plant's genetic make-up, morphology, physiology ecology within only one or few generations. This may allow polyploids succeed strongly fluctuating environments and/or effectively colonize new habitats and, thus, increase their potential invasive.

Язык: Английский

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Geographical and taxonomic biases in invasion ecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 23(5), С. 237 - 244

Опубликована: Март 26, 2008

Язык: Английский

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Habitat invasions by alien plants: a quantitative comparison among Mediterranean, subcontinental and oceanic regions of Europe

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 45(2), С. 448 - 458

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2007

Summary Although invasions by alien plants are major threats to the biodiversity of natural habitats, individual habitats vary considerably in their susceptibility invasion. Therefore risk assessment procedures, which used increasingly environmental managers inform effective planning invasive plant control, require reliable quantitative information on extent different susceptible It is also important know whether levels invasion locally specific or consistent among regions with contrasting climate, flora and history human impact. We compiled a database 52 480 vegetation plots from three Europe: Catalonia (Mediterranean–submediterranean region), Czech Republic (subcontinental) Great Britain (oceanic). classified species into neophytes, archaeophytes natives, calculated proportion each group 33 described European Nature Information System (EUNIS) classification. Of 545 found plots, only eight occurred all regions. Despite this large difference composition, patterns habitat were highly between None few aliens environmentally extreme nutrient‐poor e.g. mires, heathlands high‐mountain grasslands. Many frequently disturbed fluctuating nutrient availability, man‐made habitats. Neophytes often coastal, littoral riverine commonly occupied archaeophytes. Thus, number can be considered as good predictor neophyte risk. However, neophytes had stronger affinity wet woody while tended more common dry mesic open Synthesis applications. The considerable inter‐regional consistency suggests that for assessment. This finding opens promising perspectives use spatially explicit including scenarios future land‐use change, identify areas highest

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2009, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2009

Abstract How will biodiversity loss affect ecosystem functioning, services, and human wellbeing? In an age of accelerating loss, this volume summarizes recent advances in biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning research explores the economics services. The first section development basic science provides a meta-analysis that quantitatively tests several hypotheses. second describes natural foundations research, including: quantifying functional diversity, field into predictive science, effects stability complexity, methods to quantify mechanisms by which diversity affects importance trophic structure, microbial ecology, spatial dynamics. third takes on further than it has ever gone dimension. six chapters cover most pressing environmental challenges humanity faces, including on: climate change mitigation, restoration degraded habitats, managed ecosystems, pollination, disease, biological invasions. remaining three consider economic perspective, synthesis services biodiversity, options open policy-makers address failure markets account for services; examination valuing and, hence, understanding consequences decisions neglect these ways economists are currently incorporating decision models conservation management biodiversity. final new ecoinformatics help transform globally finally, advancements future directions field. book's ultimate conclusion is essential element any strategy sustainable development.

Язык: Английский

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