The diagnosis explosion: an important new book tries to understand what’s happening

BMJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. r772 - r772

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): systematic review and meta-analysis

European Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 67(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Background The estimates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence across various studies are significantly variable, contributing to uncertainty in ADHD estimation. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have attributed this variability primarily the methodological characteristics studies, including diagnostic criteria, source information, impairment requirement for diagnosis. Methods Review identified reporting representative samples children adults Europe worldwide. Studies that were conducted general population included. We focused on report based clinical diagnosis (clinical criteria Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders International Classification Diseases other tools, such as scales or interviews criteria). PubMed/Medline was searched identify relevant articles published until 2024/2/01. study registered PROSPERO (CRD42020200220) followed Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines review meta-analysis. Results In total, 117 subjected full evaluation. meta-analysis, 103 representing 159 independent datapoints overall register 1.6%, 95% CI [0.9; 3.0], survey 5.0%, [2.9; 8.6], one-stage 4.2%, 6.0], two-stage 4.8%, [4.0; 5.8]. Conclusions Exact comparisons among with different types sampling can impact estimates. When comparing data from methodologically these factors need be considered.

Язык: Английский

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The overlap of disordered eating, autism and ADHD: future research priorities as identified by adults with lived experience

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(12), С. 1030 - 1036

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Problems on the Relationship Between ADHD and Depression

TSBS Bildiriler Dergisi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4, С. 89 - 105

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

This study aims to examine the relationship between symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (DEHB) and depression in adults, as well impact interpersonal problems on this relationship. Data were collected from 147 adult participants through self-report via online surveys. Participants assessed their DEHB (hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention) using BAARS-IV scale, while evaluated subscale DASS-21 scale. Interpersonal measured assertive/needy easily exploited subscales IIP-C-IRT The analysis results showed statistically significant positive correlations all areas scores. In other words, increased, also tended increase. Additionally, relationships found both types (assertive/needy behaviors). suggests that individuals with are more likely experience difficulties relationships. However, mediation analyses revealed or behaviors did not have indirect effects depression. That is, these do significantly influence These findings highlight is common among adults there a strong Moreover, they suggest role factors limited. underscores necessity comprehensive treatment approaches address experienced by individuals. provide deeper understanding comorbidity offer important insights for future planning. * extracted my master thesis entitled “Mediating Effect Problems Relationship Between ADHD Depression”, supervised Dr. Lisa Jonkman (Master’s Thesis, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2024).

Язык: Английский

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Gestational Exposure to Valproate and Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 9, 2025

Gestational exposure to valproate has been associated with a wide range of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including major congenital malformations in offspring. However, date, no meta-analysis comprehensively examined the risk autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) children gestationally exposed valproate. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus from inception until 15 May 2024 for relevant English-language articles. Primary outcomes interest were ASD ADHD, two independent primary anytime during relative unexposed children. Secondary trimester-wise analyses risk. used random effects model pool overall hazard ratios (HRs) obtained 95% confidence intervals (CIs), separately risks ADHD. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. Eight cohort studies (pooled N = 6,033,300) met our search criteria. Anytime gestational large increase (adjusted HR [aHR], 3.10; interval [CI], 2.24-4.28; 1,841,198) modest ADHD (aHR, 1.62; CI, 1.30-2.01; 24,295). The findings sensitivity both generally consistent those main analyses. Notably, high-dose (> 1.0 1.1 g/day) substantially elevated 6.32; 3.12-12.80, 1,719,825). Likewise, monotherapy 4.21; 2.97-5.95; 1,745,253) discordant sibling pair 6.42; 2.02-20.42; 1133) analyses, elevated. an increased ADHD; greater at doses ≥ 1000 mg/day. These add literature that strongly discourages use by women childbearing age, especially pregnancy.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative analysis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in China and worldwide based on the Global Burden of Disease study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Background Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in maintaining attention, excessive activity, impulsive behavior, and challenges organizing executing tasks. These symptoms can pose various settings, including home, school, work, imposing significant burden not only on affected individuals their families but also the global healthcare system. Method This study utilized open data from Global Burden of Disease database covering years 1990-2021 to analyze characteristics ADHD China worldwide, incidence, prevalence, adjusted lifespan for disability (DALYs). The Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) corresponding 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were calculated using Joinpoint reflect trends burden. A comprehensive comparative analysis differences between world was conducted multiple dimensions, such as age gender, R software. Statistical significance indicated two-sided P-value less than 0.05. Result From 1990 2021, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased 103.58 per 100,000 126.23 100,000, while globally, ASIR decreased 61.67 58.67 100,000. prevalence (ASPR) 1987.98 2183.99 contrasting with decline 1228.35 1108.89 DALY (ASDR) 24.27 26.73 however, it 14.94 13.49 globally. ASIR, ASPR, ASDR 0.64%, 0.28%, 0.29%, respectively, indicating an upward trend. In contrast, AAPC showed negative trend, values -0.16%, -0.34%, -0.34% ASDR, respectively. influence gender distinct, highest DALYs typically observed during childhood. Furthermore, males consistently demonstrate higher rates across these metrics when compared females. Conclusion While there has been positive development reducing faces challenge increasing rates. focus childhood crucial tailored interventions policies address effectively.

Язык: Английский

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Developing an online educational platform to expedite ADHD medication initiation in child and adolescent mental health services: a quality improvement project

BMJ Open Quality, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. e003148 - e003148

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The waiting times for diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent medication initiation present a growing challenge Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in the UK. Treatment delays can result adverse outcomes. Innovative digital technologies have potential to reduce times. This project involved development an online platform educate parents about ADHD serve as portal initiate CAMHS. It aimed time-to-treatment (TTI) increase proportion patients with taking up treatment. A quality improvement was conducted over 11 months, using three Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles evaluation. integrated psychoeducational videos medication, section question-and-answers, links useful websites facilitate decision. mean TTI reduced by 41%, from 86 days 51 days. initiated on increased 64% 70%. Average user satisfaction 4.13/5 4.37/5. substantially improved outcomes has been fully implemented locally, highlighting healthcare managing ADHD.

Язык: Английский

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Life expectancy and years of life lost for adults with diagnosed ADHD in the UK: matched cohort study

The British Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Nearly 3% of adults have attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although in the UK, most are undiagnosed. Adults with ADHD on average experience poorer educational employment outcomes, worse physical mental health more likely to die prematurely. No studies yet used mortality data examine life expectancy deficit experienced by diagnosed UK or worldwide. This study life-table method calculate life-expectancy for people using from primary care. A matched cohort prospectively collected care (792 general practices, 9 561 450 contributing eligible person-time 2000-2019). We identified 30 039 aged 18+ ADHD, plus a comparison group 300 390 participants (1:10) age, sex practice. Poisson regression estimate age-specific rates, tables ADHD. Around 0.32% had an diagnosis, ~1 all Diagnoses common conditions were than group. The apparent reduction relative population was 6.78 years (95% CI: 4.50 9.11) males, 8.64 6.55 10.91) females. living shorter lives they should. believe that this is caused modifiable risk factors unmet support treatment needs terms both co-occurring conditions. included ADHD; results may not generalise entire vast majority whom

Язык: Английский

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UK ADHD treatment rates – a regional variation model

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Background – Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition impacting approximately 5% of children and 3-4% adults in the United Kingdom (UK). While it cannot be cured, treatment has shown to positively impact difficulties associated with ADHD. However, ADHD widely under-diagnosed under-treated UK. This paper reports results model developed estimate pharmacological rates by area across National Health Service (NHS) integrated care systems (ICSs) England, health boards Scotland Wales, & social trusts (HSCTs) Northern Ireland. Methods - The used UK general population prevalence data number patients each area. Prescription for medicines licensed were then that are untreated treated, percentage Results Nationally, estimated proportions young people (CYP; 5–17 years) adult populations (18–65 treated 26.6% 15.6%, respectively, expected populations. Treatment ICS or board Wales ranged from 11.7% 60.6% CYP population, 8.6% 24.8% (data Ireland not available age group). Overall (ages 5–65 6.7% lowest ranking HSCT 31.1% highest-ranking HSCT. Conclusions In UK, there currently high degree geographic variation all NHS generally low level ADHD, especially adults. Up 4.6-fold difference was observed between service provider areas.

Язык: Английский

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a review with a dental perspective

Dental Update, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52(4), С. 253 - 262

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental characterized by spectrum of symptoms inattention, and/or impulsivity. Children with ADHD present number behavioural challenges which can potentially increase caries risk, dental trauma incidence and non-compliance in the setting. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article aims to awareness understanding provide management strategies for clinicians facilitate successful visits.

Язык: Английский

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