Access to Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing and Mortality Among Men With Prostate Cancer

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(6), С. e2414582 - e2414582

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer is controversial but may be associated with benefit certain high-risk groups.

Язык: Английский

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Prostate cancer screening in African American men: a review of the evidence

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 116(1), С. 34 - 52

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023

Abstract Background Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed in African American men, yet prostate screening regimens this group are poorly guided by existing evidence, given underrepresentation of men trials. It critical to optimize and early detection high-risk because underdiagnosis may lead later-stage cancers at diagnosis higher mortality while overdiagnosis unnecessary treatment. Methods We performed a review literature related specific summarize evidence available guide health-care practice. Results Limited from observational modeling studies suggests that should be screened for cancer. Consideration initiating younger ages (eg, 45-50 years) more frequent intervals relative other racial groups United States. Screening can optimized using baseline prostate-specific antigen measurement midlife. Finally, no has indicated would benefit beyond 75 years age; fact, experience rates older ages. Conclusions The base limited lack large, randomized studies. Our search supported need cancer, (45-50 years), perhaps

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive analysis of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in prostate adenocarcinoma: insights into gene expression, immune microenvironment and tumor progression

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is a prevalent global malignancy which depends more on lipid metabolism for tumor progression compared to other cancer types. Although Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) documented regulate in multiple cancers, landscape analysis of its implications PRAD are still missing at present. Here, we conducted an diverse datasets revealing elevated SCD expression the cohort both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, was associated with promoter hypermethylation genetic alterations, notably L134V mutation. Integration comprehensive immunological genomic data revealed robust positive correlation between levels abundance CD8 + T cells macrophages. Further analyses identified significant associations various immune markers microenvironment. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling unveiled differential patterns across distinct cell types within prostate The Gene Ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genome showed that enriched pathways were primarily related biosynthesis, cholesterol endoplasmic reticulum membrane functions, metabolic pathways. Set Enrichment Analysis highlighted involvement crucial cellular processes, including cycle biosynthesis cofactors In functional studies, overexpression promoted proliferation, metastasis invasion cells, whereas downregulation inhibits these processes. This study provides insights into multifaceted roles pathogenesis, underscoring potential as therapeutic target prognostic biomarker.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer: A Multifaceted Approach

Cancer Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(11)

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant public health challenge in the United States, disproportionately affecting African American (AA) men, who face higher incidence rates, more aggressive disease, and elevated mortality compared to Caucasian (CA) men. This review explores multifactorial underpinnings of these disparities, integrating genomic, socioeconomic, environmental, systemic contributors. Genomic analyses reveal that AA men harbor distinct molecular alterations, including frequencies FOXA1, BRAF, CHD1 mutations, as well DNA damage repair defects, highlighting critical need for population‐specific precision medicine. Immune‐oncologic pathways stromal interactions within tumor microenvironment further underscore biological differences driving disease phenotypes. Concurrently, adverse social determinants—including limited access care, lower PSA screening delayed treatment, medical mistrust, underrepresentation clinical trials—contribute poorer outcomes. Despite challenges, evidence from equal‐access healthcare systems indicates when provided equitable can achieve outcomes comparable or better than their CA counterparts. emphasizes actionable strategies reduce increasing representation trials, enhancing culturally competent patient‐provider communication, improving early detection high‐quality expanding community‐based outreach initiatives. A holistic, interdisciplinary approach is essential dismantle barriers equity prostate

Язык: Английский

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Racial disparities in prostate cancer mortality: a model-based decomposition of contributing factors

JNCI Monographs, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2023(62), С. 212 - 218

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Abstract To investigate the relative contributions of natural history and clinical interventions to racial disparities in prostate cancer mortality United States, we extended a model that was previously calibrated Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) incidence rates for general population Black men. The integrated SEER data on curative treatment frequencies cancer-specific survival. Starting with all men, replaced up 9 components corresponding projecting age-standardized ages 40-84 years at each step. Based projections 2019, increased frequency developing disease, more aggressive tumor features, worse survival men diagnosed local-regional distant stages explained 38%, 34%, 22%, 8% modeled disparity mortality. Our results point intensified screening improved care as priority areas achieve greater equity.

Язык: Английский

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The association between neighborhood obesogenic factors and prostate cancer risk and mortality: the Southern Community Cohort Study

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes cancer-related mortality among men in United States. We examined role neighborhood obesogenic attributes on prostate risk and Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS).

Язык: Английский

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Aggressive Prostate Cancer Is Preventable and so Are Racial Disparities

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41(28), С. 4597 - 4598

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Prostate Cancer, Race, and Health Disparity

The Cancer Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(6), С. 328 - 337

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) in African American men is one of the most common cancers with a great disparity outcomes. The higher incidence and tendency to present more advanced disease have prompted investigators postulate that this problem innate biology. However, unequal access health care poorer quality raise questions about relative importance genetics versus social/health injustice. Although race inconsistent global human genetic diversity, we need understand sociocultural reality racism impact Genetic studies reveal enrichment PCa risk alleles populations West descent population-level differences tumor immunology. Structural may explain some previously reported clinical outcomes; fortunately, there high-level evidence when comparable, outcomes are comparable.

Язык: Английский

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Racism Might Cause Prostate Cancer and Definitely Causes Excess Unemployment, Lost Wages, and Excess Cancer Deaths

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41(28), С. 4595 - 4597

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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A qualitative study of the experiences of patients with prostate cancer when receiving negative genetic results: “I still don't have a grasp of what it all means”

Journal of Genetic Counseling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Abstract Germline genetic testing has been increasingly conducted for treatment implications in patients with prostate cancer due to the expansion of eligibility. Understanding patients' comprehension results is crucial establishing effective result disclosure practices. This importance grown increasing prevalence negative being conveyed via electronic communication and by providers without a genetics specialization. study explores cancer's perceptions communication. We analyzed 24 qualitative, semi‐structured interviews at an urban safety‐net hospital who had documented their medical records. Interview questions focused on patient experiences referrals, counseling, disclosure. Audio recordings were professionally transcribed team utilizing inductive thematic approach generate themes from recurring codes. Of those participated, 18 interviewed English, 5 Spanish, 1 Haitian Creole. No participants reported having pathogenic variant identified testing. Study number gaps which led misconceptions regarding hereditary risk. Three generated: (1) Patients desired clear about next steps after testing, (2) commonly experienced cognitive dissonance given personal family history cancer, (3) felt reassurance results. research suggests that maintaining conversations between healthcare alongside delivery assists comprehension. Additionally, it essential evaluate accessibility appropriateness notes sent patients. Ultimately, understanding barriers return imperative order provide high‐quality care.

Язык: Английский

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