Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2017
Because
only
25%
of
cases
premature
ovarian
insufficiency
(POI)
have
a
known
etiology,
the
aim
this
review
was
to
summarize
associations
and
mechanisms
impact
environment
on
pathology.
Eligible
studies
were
selected
from
an
electronic
literature
search
PUBMED
database
January
2000
February
2016
associated
references
in
published
studies.
Search
terms
included
ovary,
follicle,
oocyte,
endocrine
disruptor,
environmental
exposure,
occupational
contaminant,
pesticide,
polyaromatic
hydrocarbon,
polychlorinated
biphenyl
PCB,
phenol,
bisphenol,
flame
retardant,
phthalate,
dioxin,
phytoestrogen,
tobacco,
smoke,
cigarette,
cosmetic,
xenobiotic.
The
conducted
accordance
with
Preferred
Reporting
Items
for
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-Analyses
(PRISMA)
guidelines.
We
human
animal
corresponding
English.
excluded
articles
that
results
did
not
concern
pathology
those
focused
cancer,
polycystic
ovary
syndrome,
endometriosis
or
precocious
puberty.
also
genetic,
auto-immune
iatrogenic
causes
our
analysis.
Finally,
we
data
does
mammals
based
vitro
culture.
Data
been
grouped
according
studied
pollutants
order
synthetize
their
follicular
development
atresia
molecular
pathways
involved.
Ninety-seven
appeared
be
eligible
present
study,
even
though
few
directly
address
POI.
Phthalates,
bisphenol
A,
pesticides
tobacco
most
reported
substances
having
negative
function
increased
depletion
leading
earlier
age
menopause
onset.
These
effects
found
when
exposure
occured
at
different
times
throughout
lifetime
prenatal
adult
period,
possibly
due
mechanisms.
main
mechanism
seemed
increase
pre-antral
follicles.
Environmental
are
probably
cause
Health
officials
general
public
must
aware
effect
implement
individual
global
preventive
actions.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2020
Abstract
Plastics
are
extensively
used
in
our
daily
life.
However,
a
significant
amount
of
plastic
waste
is
discharged
to
the
environment
directly
or
via
improper
reuse
recycling.
Degradation
generates
micro-
nano-sized
particles
that
defined
as
nanoplastics
(MNPs).
Microplastics
(MPs)
with
diameter
less
than
5
mm,
while
(NPs)
range
from
1
100
1000
nm.
In
current
review,
we
first
briefly
summarized
environmental
contamination
MNPs
and
then
discussed
their
health
impacts
based
on
existing
MNP
research.
Our
review
indicates
can
be
detected
both
marine
terrestrial
ecosystems
worldwide
ingested
accumulated
by
animals
along
food
chain.
Evidence
has
suggested
harmful
freshwater
animals.
Recent
studies
found
MPs
human
stool
samples,
suggesting
humans
exposed
through
and/or
drinking
water.
effect
scarcely
researched.
addition
themselves,
these
tiny
release
additives
adsorb
other
chemicals,
many
which
have
been
shown
exhibit
endocrine
disrupting
toxic
effects.
summary,
conclude
more
necessary
provide
comprehensive
understanding
pollution
hazards
also
basis
for
subsequent
management
control.
BMJ,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
unknown, С. n365 - n365
Опубликована: Март 16, 2021
Abstract
Objective
To
examine
the
trends
in
obesity
and
adiposity
measures,
including
body
mass
index,
waist
circumference,
fat
percentage,
lean
mass,
by
race
or
ethnicity
among
adults
United
States
from
2011
to
2018.
Design
Population
based
study.
Setting
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
(NHANES),
2011-18.
Participants
A
nationally
representative
sample
of
US
aged
20
years
older.
Main
outcome
measures
Weight,
height,
circumference
older
were
measured
trained
technicians
using
standardized
protocols.
Obesity
was
defined
as
index
30
higher
for
non-Asians
27.5
Asians.
Abdominal
a
102
cm
larger
men
88
women.
Body
percentage
20-59
dual
energy
x
ray
absorptiometry.
Results
This
study
included
21
399
NHANES
093
adults,
080
10
864
adults.
For
overall
population,
age
adjusted
prevalence
general
increased
35.4%
(95%
confidence
interval
32.5%
38.3%)
2011-12
43.4%
(39.8%
47.0%)
2017-18
(P
trend<0.001),
abdominal
54.5%
(51.2%
57.8%)
59.1%
(55.6%
62.7%)
trend=0.02).
Age
mean
28.7
(28.2
29.1)
29.8
(29.2
30.4)
trend=0.001),
98.4
(97.4
99.5
cm)
100.5
(98.9
102.1
trend=0.01).
Significant
increases
observed
Hispanic,
non-Hispanic
white,
Asian
groups
(all
P
trend<0.05),
but
not
black
group.
significant
increase
Asians
(30.6%,
29.8%
31.4%
2011-12;
32.7%,
32.0%
33.4%
2017-18;
other
racial
ethnic
groups.
The
decreased
group
group,
no
statistically
changes
found
Conclusions
Among
an
increasing
trend
2018,
although
disparities
exist
Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2017
Because
only
25%
of
cases
premature
ovarian
insufficiency
(POI)
have
a
known
etiology,
the
aim
this
review
was
to
summarize
associations
and
mechanisms
impact
environment
on
pathology.
Eligible
studies
were
selected
from
an
electronic
literature
search
PUBMED
database
January
2000
February
2016
associated
references
in
published
studies.
Search
terms
included
ovary,
follicle,
oocyte,
endocrine
disruptor,
environmental
exposure,
occupational
contaminant,
pesticide,
polyaromatic
hydrocarbon,
polychlorinated
biphenyl
PCB,
phenol,
bisphenol,
flame
retardant,
phthalate,
dioxin,
phytoestrogen,
tobacco,
smoke,
cigarette,
cosmetic,
xenobiotic.
The
conducted
accordance
with
Preferred
Reporting
Items
for
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-Analyses
(PRISMA)
guidelines.
We
human
animal
corresponding
English.
excluded
articles
that
results
did
not
concern
pathology
those
focused
cancer,
polycystic
ovary
syndrome,
endometriosis
or
precocious
puberty.
also
genetic,
auto-immune
iatrogenic
causes
our
analysis.
Finally,
we
data
does
mammals
based
vitro
culture.
Data
been
grouped
according
studied
pollutants
order
synthetize
their
follicular
development
atresia
molecular
pathways
involved.
Ninety-seven
appeared
be
eligible
present
study,
even
though
few
directly
address
POI.
Phthalates,
bisphenol
A,
pesticides
tobacco
most
reported
substances
having
negative
function
increased
depletion
leading
earlier
age
menopause
onset.
These
effects
found
when
exposure
occured
at
different
times
throughout
lifetime
prenatal
adult
period,
possibly
due
mechanisms.
main
mechanism
seemed
increase
pre-antral
follicles.
Environmental
are
probably
cause
Health
officials
general
public
must
aware
effect
implement
individual
global
preventive
actions.