New Journal of Physics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
25(5), С. 053035 - 053035
Опубликована: Май 1, 2023
Abstract
Developing
tissues
need
to
pattern
themselves
in
space
and
time.
A
prevalent
mechanism
achieve
this
are
pulsatile
active
stresses
generated
by
the
actin
cytoskeleton.
Active
gel
theory
is
a
powerful
tool
model
dynamics
of
cytoskeletal
formation.
In
theoretical
models,
influence
viscoelastic
nature
cytoskeleton
has
so
far
only
been
investigated
incorporation
one
relaxation
time
scale.
Here,
using
minimal
theory,
we
show
that
distinct
shear
areal
times
sufficient
drive
surfaces
with
single
molecular
regulator.
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
38(1), С. 321 - 347
Опубликована: Май 14, 2022
Patterns
are
ubiquitous
in
living
systems
and
underlie
the
dynamic
organization
of
cells,
tissues,
embryos.
Mathematical
frameworks
have
been
devised
to
account
for
self-organization
biological
patterns,
most
famously
Turing
framework.
can
be
defined
space,
example,
form
stripes;
time,
such
as
during
oscillations;
or
both,
traveling
waves.
The
formation
these
patterns
different
origins:
purely
chemical,
mechanical,
a
combination
two.
Beyond
variety
molecular
implementations
we
emphasize
unitary
principles
associated
with
them,
across
scales
space
within
general
mechanochemical
We
illustrate
where
mechanisms
pattern
arise
from
cellular
tissue
scales,
an
emphasis
on
morphogenesis.
Our
goal
is
convey
picture
that
draws
attention
rather
than
solely
specific
mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
During
embryonic
development,
a
simple
ball
of
cells
re-shapes
itself
into
the
elaborate
body
plan
an
animal.
This
requires
dramatic
cell
shape
changes
and
movements,
powered
by
contractile
force
generated
actin
myosin
linked
to
plasma
membrane
at
cell-cell
cell-matrix
junctions.
Here,
we
review
three
morphogenetic
events
common
most
animals:
apical
constriction,
convergent
extension
collective
migration.
Using
fruit
fly
Drosophila
as
example,
discuss
recent
work
that
has
revealed
exciting
new
insights
molecular
mechanisms
allow
change
move
without
tearing
tissues
apart.
We
also
point
out
parallel
in
other
animals,
which
suggest
underlying
these
processes
are
conserved.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
39(4), С. 110666 - 110666
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022
Convergent
extension
(CE)
is
an
evolutionarily
conserved
collective
cell
movement
that
elongates
several
organ
systems
during
development.
Studies
have
revealed
two
distinct
cellular
mechanisms,
one
based
on
crawling
and
the
other
junction
contraction.
Whether
these
behaviors
collaborate
unclear.
Here,
using
live-cell
imaging,
we
show
contraction
act
both
independently
jointly
but
CE
more
effective
when
they
are
integrated
via
mechano-reciprocity.
We
thus
developed
a
computational
model
considering
This
recapitulates
biomechanical
efficacy
of
integrating
modes
further
clarifies
how
their
integration
influenced
by
adhesion.
Finally,
use
insights
to
understand
function
understudied
catenin,
Arvcf,
CE.
These
data
significant
for
providing
interesting
biological
into
fundamental
morphogenetic
process
implicated
in
human
neural
tube
defects
skeletal
dysplasias.
The
wide
range
of
epithelial
cell
shapes
reveals
the
complexity
and
diversity
intracellular
mechanisms
that
serve
to
construct
their
morphology
regulate
functions.
Using
mechanosensitive
steps,
cells
can
sense
a
variety
different
mechanochemical
stimuli
adapt
behavior
by
reshaping
morphology.
These
changes
shape
rely
on
structural
reorganization
in
space
time
generates
modifications
tensional
state
activates
biochemical
cascades.
Recent
studies
have
started
unveil
how
maintenance
is
involved
mechanical
homeostatic
tasks
sustain
tissue
folding,
identity,
self-renewal.
Here,
we
review
relevant
works
integrated
mechanobiology
elucidate
some
core
principles
may
be
conveyed
into
spatial
information
guide
collective
processes
such
as
morphogenesis.
Among
many
other
parameters,
show
regulation
understood
result
interplay
between
two
counteracting
mechanisms:
actomyosin
contractility
intercellular
adhesions,
both
do
not
act
independently
but
are
functionally
operate
molecular,
cellular,
scales.
We
highlight
role
cadherin-based
adhesions
force-sensing
mechanotransduction,
report
recent
developments
exploit
physics
liquid
crystals
connect
orientational
order
aggregates.
Finally,
emphasize
further
intermingling
disciplines
develop
new
assays
will
lead
way
toward
unified
picture
contribution
pathophysiological
tissues.
The Journal of Cell Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
222(9)
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023
Branching
morphogenesis
is
an
evolutionary
solution
to
maximize
epithelial
function
in
a
compact
organ.
It
involves
successive
rounds
of
branch
elongation
and
point
formation
generate
tubular
network.
In
all
organs,
points
can
form
by
tip
splitting,
but
it
unclear
how
cells
coordinate
branching.
Here,
we
addressed
these
questions
the
embryonic
mammary
gland.
Live
imaging
revealed
that
tips
advance
directional
cell
migration
relies
upon
differential
motility
feeds
retrograde
flow
lagging
into
trailing
duct,
supported
proliferation.
Tip
bifurcation
involved
localized
repression
cycle
at
point.
Cells
nascent
daughter
remained
proliferative
changed
their
direction
elongate
new
branches.
We
also
report
fundamental
importance
contractility
for
branching
morphogenesis.
The
co-localization
motility,
non-muscle
myosin
II,
ERK
activities
front
suggests
coordination/cooperation
between
functions.
npj Biological Physics and Mechanics.,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
1(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024
Abstract
The
epithelial
microenvironment
is
incredibly
dynamic,
subjected
to
mechanical
cues
including
cyclic
stretch.
While
cell
stretching
platforms
have
revealed
reorientation
and
gap
formation,
few
studies
investigated
the
long-term
effects
of
stretch
on
migration.
We
measured
migratory
response
epithelium
a
range
physiologically
relevant
frequencies
Our
results
indicate
that
lower
(i.e.,
0.1
Hz)
suppress
migration,
accompanied
by
high
shape
solidity.
found
this
also
increased
recruitment
vinculin
cell-cell
contacts,
necessary
movements.
These
confirm
mechanosensitive
nature
within
adherens
junction,
but
independently
reveal
novel
mechanism
low
frequency
stress
in
supporting
integrity
suppressing
Developmental Dynamics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025
Abstract
Background
The
forces
underlying
convergence
and
internalization
of
the
teleost
neural
plate
remain
unknown.
To
help
understand
this
morphogenesis,
we
analyzed
collective
individual
cell
behaviors
at
superficial
surface
as
begins
to
form
keel
in
hindbrain
region
zebrafish
embryo.
Results
Convergence
midline
is
not
accompanied
by
anteroposterior
elongation
stage,
it
characterized
oscillatory
contractile
plate,
a
punctate
distribution
Cdh2
medially
polarized
actin‐rich
protrusions
plate.
We
also
characterize
intimate
relationship
dynamic
protrusive
between
surfaces
motile
stationary
overlying
non‐neural
enveloping
layer.
Conclusions
Superficial
cells
are
coupled
Cdh2‐rich
adhesions.
At
surface,
tug
on
neighbors
using
contractions.
Oscillatory
contractions
accompany
shrinkage
cells'
for
during
keeling.
Some
occurs
without
oscillations.
deep
layer
contact
with
suggesting
that
may
constrain
movements
internalization.
Apical
constriction
is
a
basic
mechanism
for
epithelial
morphogenesis,
making
columnar
cells
into
wedge
shape
and
bending
flat
cell
sheet.
It
has
long
been
thought
that
an
apically
localized
myosin
generates
contractile
force
drives
the
deformation.
However,
when
we
tested
increased
apical
surface
contractility
in
cellular
Potts
model
simulation,
pressure
inside
pushed
its
lateral
outward,
adopt
drop
instead
of
expected
shape.
To
keep
straight,
considered
alternative
which
was
determined
by
membrane
elasticity
endocytosis,
balanced
among
cells.
The
simulation
succeeded
reproducing
constriction,
it
also
suggested
too
strong
tension
might
prevent
tissue
invagination.