A population of Vasa2 and Piwi1 expressing cells generates germ cells and neurons in a sea anemone

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Abstract Germline segregation, essential for protecting germ cells against mutations, occurs during early embryogenesis in vertebrates, insects and nematodes. Highly regenerative animals (e.g., cnidarians), however, retain stem with both germinal somatic potentials throughout adulthood, but their biology evolution remain poorly understood. Among cnidarians sea anemones, jellyfish), are only known few hydrozoans Hydra ). Here, we identify characterize a rare, multipotent population of and/or progenitor expressing the conserved germline multipotency proteins Vasa2 Piwi1 anemone Nematostella vectensis . Using piwi1 vasa2 transgenic reporter lines, reveal that Vasa2+/Piwi1+ cell generates not gametes, also diversity proliferative cells, including neural progenitors, juveniles adults. Our work has uncovered stem/progenitor forms cellular basis to understand body plasticity capacities anemones corals.

Язык: Английский

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Hypoxia Disrupts Sex‐Specific Physiology and Gene Expression Leading to Decreased Fitness in the Estuarine Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Coastal seawater hypoxia is increasing in temperate estuaries under global climate change, yet it unknown how low oxygen conditions affect most estuarine species. We found that has increased since the 1990s an estuary hosting sea anemone Nematostella vectensis (Jacques Cousteau National Estuarine Research Reserve, New Jersey, USA). Adult N. bred from anemones collected this exposed to three consecutive nights of (dissolved = 0.5–1.5 mg L −1 for ~12 h night ) during gametogenesis displayed decreased aerobic respiration rates and biomass, indicating metabolic disruption. Physiological declines were correlated with changes expression genes related oxygen‐dependent processes, many which are targets hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), demonstrating activity transcription first time early‐diverging metazoan. The upregulation involved unfolded protein response endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus homeostasis suggested misfolded proteins contributed disrupted physiology. Notably, these responses more pronounced females, sex‐specific sensitivity was also observed reproductive outcomes, female but not male fecundity following exposure. However, sperm males had higher mitochondrial membrane potential, altered spermatogenesis. Further, crosses performed gametes hypoxia‐exposed adults yielded strikingly developmental success (~2%), larvae did develop similar accelerated settlement compared controls. Overall, depressed fitness by over 95%, suggesting even stress‐tolerant species may be threatened coastal deoxygenation.

Язык: Английский

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The nascent RNA labelling compound 5-ethynyl uridine (EU) integrates into DNA in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024

Abstract The detection of de novo synthesized mRNA transcripts is crucial for understanding the regulation eukaryotic transcription. Using nucleoside or nucleotide analogues to label nascent RNA complicated by ubiquitous presence ribonucleotide reductase enzymes (RNRs) that convert ribonucleotides into 2’-deoxyribonucleotides, building blocks DNA. Despite this challenge, uridine analogue 5-ethynyl (EU) has been commercialized and routinely used as specific RNAs. Here, we employ confocal imaging, flow cytometry biochemistry methods demonstrate EU integrates at considerable levels DNA in sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . We show inhibiting RNR hydroxyurea abolishes cell proliferation incorporation Alternative compounds labelling RNA, such cytidine (EC), triphosphate (EUTP) 2-ethynyl adenosine (EA) similarly low specificity integrating RNA. Our findings indicate ethynylated nucleosides nucleotides, including EU, do not specifically integrate , rendering them unsuitable visualising Based on our results a critical review literature, suggest good practice guidelines using an tool discuss pitfalls indicators hint unintended labelling. Summary statement A cautionary tale about integration compound (5-ethynyl uridine) anemone.

Язык: Английский

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Promoting developmental diversity in a changing world

Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 151(20)

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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