Activation of motility and chemotaxis in the spermatozoa
Reproductive Medicine and Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Sperm
motility
and
chemotaxis
are
important
early
steps
in
the
interaction
between
sperm
oocytes
during
fertilization.
Understanding
these
processes
is
essential
for
their
basic
biological
clinical
applications.
This
review
outlines
advances
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
of
activation
over
past
two
decades.
The
focuses
on
pathways
Ca2+
signaling
role
CatSper
channel
involved
this
signaling,
examines
comprehensive
that
regulate
aquatic
invertebrates,
fish,
mammals.
activated
by
environmental
changes
(e.g.,
pH
osmolality)
egg-derived
factors.
channels
mediate
influx
cell
chemotaxis.
In
addition
to
Ca2+,
cAMP
membrane
potential
also
regulation
motility.
Alternative
exist
species
lacking
CatSper,
highlighting
diversity
mechanisms.
There
has
been
significant
progress
mediated
notably
with
but
other
factors
remain
unclear.
Future
research
should
focus
uncover
commonalities
using
genome
editing
transcriptomic
analyses.
Язык: Английский
The Known and Unknown About Female Reproductive Tract Mucus Rheological Properties
BioEssays,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 22, 2025
ABSTRACT
Spermatozoa
reach
the
fallopian
tube
during
ovulation
by
traveling
through
female
reproductive
tract
mucus.
This
non‐Newtonian
viscoelastic
medium
facilitates
spermatozoon
movement
to
accomplish
fertilization
or,
in
some
cases,
blocks
movement,
leading
infertility.
While
rheological
properties
are
known
affect
motility
with
vitro
models
using
synthetic
polymers,
their
precise
effects
vivo
understudied.
paper
reviews
measurements
of
mucus
humans
and
model
animals,
focusing
on
viscosity
its
potential
effect
spermatozoa.
Mucus
tract's
different
compartments
is
poorly
understood.
information
this
subject
incomplete,
most
mammals
appear
have
a
decrease
along
tracts.
Based
sparse
information,
we
hypothesize
that
changes
tracts
may
guide
spermatozoa
eggs,
novel
concept
could
improve
our
understanding
biology.
Язык: Английский
Time and power dependence of laser-induced photodamage on human sperm revealed by longitudinal rolling measurement using optical tweezers
Biomedical Optics Express,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(6), С. 3563 - 3563
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024
Lasers
are
widely
applied
in
assisted
reproductive
technologies,
including
sperm
fixation,
selection
and
intracytoplasmic
injections,
to
reduce
procedure
time
improve
consistency
reproducibility.
However,
quantitative
studies
on
laser-induced
photodamage
of
lacking.
In
this
study,
we
demonstrated
that,
by
using
optical
tweezers,
the
kinematic
parameters
freely
swimming
correlated
with
frequency
as
well
percentage
pausing
duration
longitudinal
rolling
same
head
trap.
Furthermore,
trapping
individual
cells
1064-nm
quantitatively
characterized
time-dependence
under
different
laser
powers.
Our
study
revealed
power
increase,
optically
trapped
decreases
an
increasing
duration,
which
characterizes
effect
cells.
provides
experimental
basis
for
optimization
application
technology,
may
photodamage-induced
biosafety
risk
future.
Язык: Английский
Motile Cilia in Female and Male Reproductive Tracts and Fertility
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(23), С. 1974 - 1974
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024
Motile
cilia
are
evolutionarily
conserved
organelles.
In
humans,
multiciliated
cells
(MCCs),
assembling
several
hundred
motile
on
their
apical
surface,
components
of
the
monolayer
epithelia
lining
lower
and
upper
airways,
brain
ventricles,
parts
reproductive
tracts,
fallopian
tube
uterus
in
females,
efferent
ductules
males.
The
coordinated
beating
generates
a
force
that
enables
shift
tubular
fluid,
particles,
or
along
surface
ciliated
epithelia.
Uncoordinated
altered
motion
immotility
may
result
subfertility
even
infertility.
Here,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
regarding
localization
function
MCCs
human
discuss
how
beating-generated
fluid
flow
directly
indirectly
contribute
to
processes
these
organs,
lack
improper
functioning
influence
fertility.
Язык: Английский
Manipulation of metabolism to improve liquid preservation of mammalian spermatozoa
Animal Reproduction Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
271, С. 107631 - 107631
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2024
Reproductive
success
in
mammals
hinges
on
the
ability
of
sperm
to
generate
sufficient
energy
through
cellular
metabolism
perform
energy-intensive
processes
required
for
fertilisation,
including
motility,
maturation,
and
oocyte
interactions.
It
is
now
widely
accepted
that
exhibit
metabolic
flexibility,
utilising
a
combination
glycolysis
oxidative
phosphorylation
(supported
by
Krebs
cycle
other
complementary
pathways)
meet
their
demands.
However,
preferred
pathway
production
varies
significantly
among
species,
making
it
challenging
map
species-specific
strategies,
particularly
species
with
high
like
ram.
Additionally,
differences
methodologies
used
measure
have
led
biased
interpretations
species'
complicating
development
liquid
storage
methods
aimed
at
preserving
spermatozoa
manipulating
generation
based
requirements.
This
review
examines
requirements,
current
assessing
capacity,
research
metabolism.
Future
should
focus
establishing
standardised
approach
determining
preferences
accurately
critical
step
before
developing
effective
preservation
methods.
By
identifying
regulatory
points,
strategies
can
be
designed
temporarily
inhibit
pathways,
conserving
resources
reducing
accumulation
by-products.
Alternatively,
supplementation
depleted
metabolites
guided
understanding
areas
excessive
consumption
during
prolonged
Applying
this
knowledge
develop
tailored
techniques
will
help
minimise
damage
improve
survival
vitro
processing
storage,
ultimately
enhancing
artificial
breeding
programs.
Язык: Английский
Fluid flow reconstruction around a free-swimming sperm in 3D
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
We
investigate
the
dynamics
and
hydrodynamics
of
a
human
spermatozoa
swimming
freely
in
3D.
simultaneously
track
sperm
flagellum
head
orientation
laboratory
frame
reference
via
high-speed
high-resolution
4D
(3D+t)
microscopy,
extract
flagellar
waveform
relative
to
body
reference,
as
seen
from
that
translates
rotates
with
Numerical
fluid
flow
reconstructions
motility
are
performed
utilizing
experimental
3D
waveforms,
excellent
accordance
between
predicted
observed
kinematics.
The
reconstruction
accuracy
is
validated
by
directly
comparing
three
linear
angular
velocities
measurements.
Our
microhydrodynamic
analysis
reveals
novel
pattern,
characterized
pair
vortices
circulate
opposition
each
other
along
cell.
Finally,
we
show
counter-vortices
not
unique
beat,
can
be
reproduced
idealised
models,
thus
suggesting
fundamental
structure
for
free-swimming
propelled
beating
flagellum.
Язык: Английский
Swimming by Spinning: Spinning‐Top Type Rotations Regularize Sperm Swimming Into Persistently Progressive Paths in 3D
Advanced Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
Abstract
Sperm
swimming
is
essential
for
reproduction,
with
movement
strategies
adapted
to
specific
environments.
navigate
by
modulating
the
symmetry
of
their
flagellar
beating,
but
how
they
swim
forward
asymmetrical
beats
remains
unclear.
Current
methods
lack
ability
robustly
detect
state
in
free‐swimming
spermatozoa,
despite
its
importance
understanding
sperm
motility.
This
study
uses
numerical
simulations
investigate
fluid
mechanics
beats.
Results
show
that
rotation
regularizes
motion,
allowing
persistently
progressive
even
Crucially,
3D
head
orientation,
rather
than
path,
provides
critical
insight
into
state.
rotations
during
closely
resemble
spinning‐top
dynamics,
precession
driven
helical
beating
flagellum.
These
results
may
prove
future
studies
on
role
microorganisms
and
artificial
swimmers,
as
body
orientation
detection
has
been
largely
overlooked
favor
path
analysis.
Altogether,
this
rotational
mechanism
a
reliable
solution
propulsion
navigation
nature,
which
would
otherwise
be
challenging
flagella
broken
symmetry.
Язык: Английский