Exaggeration through sexual selection may impact the thermal biology of arthropods

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Sexual selection is often invoked to explain the evolution of extravagant morphologies, such as antlers and horns. While focus typically on process exaggeration these traits, functional impact remains a topic debate. One aspect that has been largely overlooked how exaggerated structures might thermal biology. For example, hollow (i.e., non-vascularized or non-perfused) structure increases in size, its surface area volume change, potentially impacting ability obtain dissipate heat passively. However, if vascularized, case arthropods, hemolymph perfusion, then it may be actively used radiator avoid overheating instances stress. Based additional examples, we propose morphological influence arthropods manage exchange with environment. Ultimately, individuals bear develop ecological innovations that, due corollary effect, maximize effectiveness thermoregulation. Our essay divided into four sections. First, delve structures, particularly animal weapons, organisms environment, implications for whole-organism Second, use beetles fiddler crabs provide experimental evidence structural Third, examine macroecological data from explore size sexually-selected morphologies varies changes environmental temperature. Finally, synthesize pieces identify significant gaps knowledge. Through this essay, aim ignite discussion driven by sexual can lead not only role but also biology individuals.

Язык: Английский

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Softening and Cross‐Susceptibility: Exposure to Heat and Desiccation Reduces Future Stress Tolerance in an Insect

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 13, 2025

ABSTRACT The frequency and duration of environmental stressors, such as heat waves drought, will continue to grow due ongoing climate change, thereby increasing the likelihood that organisms experience stressors consecutively. Exposure one stressor can improve or impair future tolerance same (i.e., hardening softening, respectively), enhance reduce a different cross‐protection cross‐susceptibility, respectively). Understanding whether stress improves impairs animals’ abilities withstand is critical for determining physiological sensitivity animals change. Here, we used factorial design with variable field cricket ( Gryllus lineaticeps ) evaluate prior desiccation influenced subsequent dessication tolerance. Given potential energetic costs cross‐protection, further examined resource (food) acquisition promoted cross‐susceptibility. Prior exposure reduced softening), both softening cross‐susceptibility), potentially terminal reproductive investment. Further, (amount body mass gained) did not influence because individuals acquired more resources were likely exhibit benefits (rather than costs) their In sum, our results suggest climate‐related may pose significant risk some animals.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence of plasticity, but not evolutionary divergence, in the thermal limits of a highly successful urban butterfly

Journal of Insect Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 155, С. 104648 - 104648

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Dynamics of thermal tolerance plasticity across fish species and life stages

Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127, С. 104024 - 104024

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The shape of water: physiological adaptations to habitat aridity in the ornate tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus)

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Synopsis Deserts have always amazed researchers due to their high diversity of habitats, where plant and animal species been able adapt diversify, even when these areas impose several constraints on an organism’s activity patterns. In particular, deserts support lizard adapted the thermal water restrictions found in such biomes. Although studies attempted understand how might respond deficits or droughts deserts, few addressed responses vary along a latitudinal gradient. This raises question whether physiological buffering organism climatic environment affects loss lizards. Here, we used six populations Urosaurus ornatus test is influenced more by intrinsic physiology niche. We that primarily niche lizard. However, future should focus microclimatic variables can influence organisms across large gradients.

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of Intraspecific Variation in Thermal Traits and Their Importance for Resilience to Global Change in Amphibians

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 64(3), С. 882 - 899

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024

Synopsis Intraspecific variation can be as great across species, but the role of intraspecific in driving local and large-scale patterns is often overlooked, particularly field thermal biology. In amphibians, which depend on environmental conditions behavior to regulate body temperature, recognizing trait essential comprehensively understanding how global change impacts populations. Here, we examine drivers micro- macrogeographical amphibians. At scale, arise via changes ontogeny, size, between sexes, developmental plasticity, acclimation, maternal effects may modulate predictions amphibian performance under future climate scenarios. macrogeographic adaptation traits occur along latitudinal elevational gradients, with seasonality range-edge dynamics likely playing important roles that impact persistence. We also discuss importance considering disease a factor affecting population resilience change, given pathogens preferences critical limits hosts. Finally, make recommendations for work this area. Ultimately, our goal demonstrate why it researchers consider determine amphibians change.

Язык: Английский

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The heat sensitivity of sperm in the lizard Anolis sagrei

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Abstract The heat sensitivity of reproduction is a critical determinant population persistence under climate change. However, the gametes poorly known relative to adults. We developed method measure tolerance lizard sperm cells, and used test several aspects cell thermal biology in brown anole ( Anolis sagrei ). estimated repeatability traits by measuring baseline motility ejaculated from same individuals multiple times over 21 days. To investigate co-adaptation adult traits, we tested for correlation between adults that produced them. Furthermore, effects episodic stress experienced males on performance. Sperm were both repeatable, consistent with evolutionary potential, though there was clear evidence environmental these as well. Contrary expectation co-adaptation, found no tolerance. A single, extreme event immediately impaired motility, detrimental stored sperm. Our study adds mounting are heat-sensitive represent vulnerability global warming, but also suggest potential adaptation at gamete level. Summary statement This investigates lizards, revealing traits. These findings essential understanding reproductive responses

Язык: Английский

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Heat alters diverse thermal tolerance mechanisms: An organismal framework for studying climate change effects in a wild bird

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024

Abstract The ability to cope with heat is likely influence species success amidst climate change. However, coping mechanisms are poorly understood in wild endotherms, which increasingly pushed their thermoregulatory limits. We take an organismal approach this problem, unveiling how behavioural and physiological responses may allow the face of sublethal heat. experimentally elevated nest temperatures for 4 h mimic a future scenario (+4.5°C) during critical period post‐natal development tree swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor ). Heat‐exposed nestlings exhibited marked changes behaviour, including movement cooler microclimates nest. They panted more weighed less than controls at end four‐hour challenge, suggesting panting‐induced water loss. Physiologically, induced high levels shock protein (HSP) gene expression blood, alongside widespread transcriptional differences related antioxidant defences, inflammation apoptosis. Critically, all survived those exposed milder were recruit into breeding population. Early life but sub‐lethal therefore act as selective event, potential shape population trajectories. Within population, individuals varied response heat, namely HSP expression, higher mean variance heat‐exposed controls. Heat‐induced unrelated individual body mass, or among‐nest brood size, temperature, thermoregulation. Nest identity explained significant amount variation, yet siblings same differed by average ~4‐fold much ~100‐fold response. This massive variation extends previous laboratory work model organisms showing that proteins harbour cryptic phenotypic variation. These results shed light on oft‐ignored elements thermotolerance birds stage development. By highlighting scope heat‐induced coupling it suite traits, we provide framework testing Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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Persistent interactive effects of developmental salinity and temperature in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 297, С. 111732 - 111732

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Climate change alters multiple abiotic environmental factors in aquatic environments but relatively little is known about their interacting impacts, particularly developing organisms where these exposures have the potential to cause long-lasting effects. To explore issues, we exposed killifish embryos (Fundulus heteroclitus) 26 °C or 20 and ppt 3 salinity a fully-factorial design. After hatching, fish were transferred common conditions of assess for persistent developmental plasticity. Warm temperature increased hatching success decreased hatch time, whereas low negatively affected success, this was only significant developed at °C. Temperature, salinity, interaction mRNA levels genes typically associated with thermal hypoxia tolerance (hif1a, hsp90b, hsp90a, hsc70, hsp70.2) across timepoints. These differences into juvenile stage, that had higher expression hif1a, hsp70.2 than °C, evident group both high salinity. There also effects treatments on body size after four months rearing under conditions. Fish larger there no between two factors. data highlight complex nature stressors which has important implications predicting resilience fishes context climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Upper thermal limits are ‘hard-wired’ across body mass but not populations of an estuarine fish

Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 125, С. 103970 - 103970

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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