Journal of Public Economics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 206, С. 104578 - 104578
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2022
Язык: Английский
Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(10)
Опубликована: Март 9, 2022
Repression research examines the causes and consequences of actions or policies that are meant to, actually do, raise costs activism, protest, and/or social movement activity. The rise digital media has brought substantial increases in attention to repression activists movements use tools repression, which is spread across many disciplines areas study. We organize review this growing welter under concept by expanding a typology distinguishes based on actor type, whether overt covert, behaviors shaped coercion channeling. This delineation between broadly different forms allows researchers develop expectations about better understand what "new" terms explanatory factors, repression.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
87
American Economic Review, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 112(9), С. 2921 - 2958
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022
We posit that autocrats introduce local elections when their bureaucratic capacity is low. Local exploit citizens’ informational advantage in keeping officials accountable, but they also weaken vertical control. As increases, the autocrat limits role of elected bodies to regain argue these insights can explain introduction village rural China and subsequent erosion autonomy years later. construct a novel dataset document political reforms, policy outcomes, de facto power for almost four decades. find improves popular policies weakens unpopular ones. Increases regional government resources lead loss autonomy, less so remote villages. These patterns are consistent with an organizational view within autocracies. (JEL D72, D73, D83, O17, O18, P25, P26)
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
82
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 138(3), С. 1349 - 1402
Опубликована: Март 13, 2023
Abstract Recent scholarship has suggested that artificial intelligence (AI) technology and autocratic regimes may be mutually reinforcing. We test for a reinforcing relationship in the context of facial-recognition AI China. To do so, we gather comprehensive data on firms government procurement contracts, as well social unrest across China since early 2010s. first show autocrats benefit from AI: local leads to greater new political control, increased indeed suppresses subsequent unrest. innovation benefits autocrats’ suppression unrest: contracted innovate more both commercial markets are likely export their products; noncontracted not experience detectable negative spillovers. Taken together, these results suggest possibility sustained under Chinese regime: entrenches regime, regime’s investment control stimulates further frontier innovation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
48
American Economic Review, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 108(9), С. 2442 - 2476
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2018
This paper examines whether and how market competition affected the political bias of government-owned newspapers in China from 1981 to 2011. We measure media based on coverage government mouthpiece content ( propaganda) relative commercial content. first find that a reform forced newspaper exits (reduced competition) by increasing product specialization, with some papers focusing propaganda others Second, lower-level governments produce less-biased launch earlier, eroding higher-level governments’ goals. Third, bottom-up intensifies politico-economic trade-off, leading proliferation less audience exposure propaganda. (JEL D72, L31, L82, O14, O17, P26, P31)
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
155
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 136(4), С. 2533 - 2613
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2020
Abstract How does mobile broadband internet affect approval of government? Using Gallup World Poll surveys 840,537 individuals from 2,232 subnational regions in 116 countries 2008 to 2017 and the global expansion 3G networks, we show that on average, an increase access reduces government approval. This effect is present only when not censored, it stronger traditional media are censored. helps expose actual corruption government: revelations Panama Papers other incidents translate into higher perceptions covered by networks. Voter disillusionment had electoral implications. In Europe, led lower vote shares for incumbent parties antiestablishment populist opposition. Vote nonpopulist opposition were unaffected expansion.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
134
Research & Politics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6(3)
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2019
The study of popular support for authoritarian regimes has long relied on the assumption that respondents provide truthful answers to surveys. However, when measuring regime in closed political systems there is a distinct risk individuals are less than forthright due fear their opinions may be made known public or authorities. In order test this assumption, we conducted novel web-based survey China which included four list experiments commonly used items comparative literature support. We find systematic bias all measures; substantially more state they with direct questioning presented our indirect experiments. level self-censorship, ranges from 24.5 26.5 percentage points, considerably higher previously thought. Self-censorship further most prevalent among wealthy, urban, female and younger respondents.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
119
Annual Review of Political Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 23(1), С. 401 - 419
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2020
To what extent are Internet users resilient to online censorship? When does censorship influence consumption of information and when it create backlash? Drawing on a growing literature users’ reactions censorship, I posit that awareness incentives seek out information, resources circumvent essential resilience censorship. describe how authoritarian regimes have adapted their strategies reduce both demand for uncensored information.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
104
American Political Science Review, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 112(3), С. 602 - 620
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2018
A prerequisite for the durability of authoritarian regimes as well their effective governance is regime’s ability to gather reliable information about actions lower-tier officials. Allowing public participation in form online complaints one approach have taken improve monitoring In this paper, we gain rare access internal communications between a agency and upper-level officials China. We show that citizen grievances posted publicly contain corruption are systematically concealed from authorities when they implicate or associates connected through patronage ties. Information manipulation occurs primarily omission wrongdoing rather than censorship falsification, suggesting even digital age, highly determined capable regime where reports actively voiced, behavior agents remains challenge.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
103
SSRN Electronic Journal, Год журнала: 2019, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2019
How do the internet and social media affect political outcomes? We review empirical evidence from recent political-economy literature, focusing primarily on work that considers traits distinguish traditional offline media, such as low barriers to entry reliance user-generated content. discuss main results about effects of internet, in general, particular, voting, street protests, attitudes toward government, polarization, xenophobia, politicians' behavior. also role dissemination false news, we summarize strategies employed by autocratic regimes censor use for surveillance propaganda. conclude highlighting open questions how shape politics democracies autocracies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
102
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2018
Lawless is about the power that technology companies have over our lives and how we can develop a new constitutionalism to better protect rights.Social media platforms, search engines, other influence what see say online. These giant govern behavior online without real accountability, they are at centre of fierce battles between governments, lobby groups, media, grassroots campaigns from activists. Drawing on ten years research, this book shows social lives, news, information environments shaped by complex web legal, technical, forces.This future shared spaces. We now constitutional moment—a time when all demand lives. This provides guide constitutionalism: limits human rights in decentralized environment. Ultimately, it comprehensive argument should expect governance spaces be more legitimate – particularly, might forms due process for algorithmic decision making systems rule digital
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
94