Prebiotic dietary fibre intervention improves fecal markers related to inflammation in obese patients: results from the Food4Gut randomized placebo-controlled trial

European Journal of Nutrition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 60(6), С. 3159 - 3170

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2021

Abstract Purpose Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are prebiotic dietary fibre (DF) that may confer beneficial health effects, by interacting with the gut microbiota. We have tested hypothesis a intervention promoting inulin intake versus placebo influences fecal microbial-derived metabolites and markers related to integrity inflammation in obese patients. Methods Microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing), long- short-chain fatty acids (LCFA, SCFA), bile acids, zonulin, calprotectin were analyzed samples obtained from patients included randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Participants received either 16 g/d native (prebiotic n = 12) maltodextrin (placebo 12), coupled advice consume inulin-rich inulin-poor vegetables for 3 months, addition caloric restriction. Results Both interventions lowered energy protein intake. A substantial increase Bifidobacterium was detected after ITF treatment ( q 0.049) supporting our recent data larger cohort. Interestingly, calprotectin, marker of inflammation, reduced upon treatment. increased ratio tauro-conjugated/free feces. Prebiotic did not significantly modify SCFA content but it rumenic acid, conjugated linoleic acid cis -9, trans -11 CLA) immunomodulatory properties, correlated notably expansion p 0.031; r 0.052). Conclusions Our study demonstrates ITF-prebiotic during months decreases intestinal point potential contribution microbial lipid-derived gastro-intestinal dysfunction obesity. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03852069 (February 22, 2019 retrospectively, registered).

Язык: Английский

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Coumarin Derivatives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(2), С. 422 - 422

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-communicable characterized by chronic inflammatory process of the gut and categorized into Crohn’s ulcerative colitis, both currently without definitive pharmacological treatment cure. The unclear etiology IBD limiting factor for development new drugs explains high frequency refractory patients to current drugs, which are also related various adverse effects, mainly after long-term use. Dissatisfaction with therapies has promoted an increased interest in approaches using natural products. Coumarins comprise large class phenolic compounds found fungi, bacteria, plants. Coumarin its derivatives have been reported as antioxidant anti-inflammatory compounds, potentially useful complementary therapy IBD. These produce protective effects intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms signaling pathways, modulating immune responses, protecting against oxidative stress, central development. In this review, we described main coumarin products available pharmacodynamic data that support these acute subchronic phase inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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A review of respirable fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced brain damage

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2022

Respirable fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) has been one of the most widely publicized indicators pollution in recent years. Epidemiological studies have established a strong association between PM , lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. Recent shown that is also strongly associated with brain damage, mainly cerebrovascular damage (stroke) neurological to (changes cognitive function, dementia, psychiatric disorders, etc.). can pass through lung–gas–blood barrier “gut–microbial–brain” axis cause systemic oxidative stress inflammation, or directly enter tissue via olfactory nerve, eventually damaging cerebral blood vessels nerves. It worth mentioning there time window for -induced repair itself. However, exact pathophysiological mechanisms injury are not yet fully understood. This article collects discusses self-repair after injury, which may provide new ideas prevention treatment diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiome in Retina Health: The Crucial Role of the Gut-Retina Axis

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2022

The term microbiome means not only a complex ecosystem of microbial species that colonize our body but also their genome and the surrounding environment in which they live. Recent studies support existence gut-retina axis involved pathogenesis several chronic progressive ocular diseases, including age-related macular disorders. This review aims to underline importance gut relation health. After briefly introducing characteristics terms composition functions, role dysbiosis, development or progression retinal is highlighted, focusing on relationship between health based recently investigated axis.

Язык: Английский

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Differential gut microbiota and intestinal permeability between frail and healthy older adults: A systematic review

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 82, С. 101744 - 101744

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2022

Язык: Английский

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