Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity

Nature, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 486(7401), С. 59 - 67

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2012

Язык: Английский

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Global conservation outcomes depend on marine protected areas with five key features

Nature, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 506(7487), С. 216 - 220

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Higher levels of multiple ecosystem services are found in forests with more tree species

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2013

Forests are of major importance to human society, contributing several crucial ecosystem services. Biodiversity is suggested positively influence multiple services but evidence from natural systems at scales relevant management scarce. Here, across a scale 400,000 km2, we report that tree species richness in production forests shows positive hump-shaped relationships with These include biomass, soil carbon storage, berry and game potential. For example, biomass was approximately 50% greater five than one species. In addition, show between proxies for other biodiversity components. Importantly, no single able promote all services, some were negatively correlated each other. Management will therefore benefit considering sustain the full range benefits society obtains forests. Tree diversity thought forest ecosystems, large-scale studies This study km2forest area higher supports levels also more sustainable

Язык: Английский

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Rare Species Support Vulnerable Functions in High-Diversity Ecosystems

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 11(5), С. e1001569 - e1001569

Опубликована: Май 28, 2013

Around the world, human-induced collapses of populations and species have triggered a sixth mass extinction crisis, with rare often being first to disappear. Although role diversity in maintenance ecosystem processes has been widely investigated, remains controversial. A critical issue is whether common insure against loss functions supported by species. This even more species-rich ecosystems where high functional redundancy among likely it thus assumed that functioning buffered loss. Here, using extensive datasets occurrences traits from three highly diverse (846 coral reef fishes, 2,979 alpine plants, 662 tropical trees), we demonstrate most distinct combinations are predominantly both terms local abundance regional occupancy. Moreover, low support vulnerable functions, no other carrying similar traits, rarer than expected chance all ecosystems. For instance, 63% 98% fish locally regionally rare, respectively. 32% 89% such Remarkably, 47% 55% tree only one individual per sample on average. Our results emphasize importance conservation, ecosystems, which thought exhibit redundancy. Rare offer aesthetic, cultural, or taxonomic value; they disproportionately increase potential breadth provided across spatial scales. As such, future uncertainty arising climate change ever-increasing anthropogenic pressures call for detailed understanding rarity vulnerability functioning.

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in naturally assembled communities

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 94(4), С. 1220 - 1245

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2019

ABSTRACT Approximately 25 years ago, ecologists became increasingly interested in the question of whether ongoing biodiversity loss matters for functioning ecosystems. As such, a new ecological subfield on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning (BEF) was born. This initially dominated by theoretical studies experiments which manipulated, responses ecosystem functions such as biomass production, decomposition rates, carbon sequestration, trophic interactions pollination were assessed. More recently, an increasing number have investigated BEF relationships non‐manipulated ecosystems, but reviews synthesizing our knowledge importance real‐world are still largely missing. I performed systematic review order to assess how drives both terrestrial aquatic, naturally assembled communities, important is compared other factors, including aspects community composition abiotic conditions. The outcomes 258 published studies, reported 726 relationships, revealed that many cases, promotes average production its temporal stability, success. For rates multifunctionality, positive effects outnumbered negative effects, neutral even more common. Similarly, prey pathogen herbivore damage less common than relationships. Finally, there no evidence related soil storage. Most focused taxonomic diversity, however, metrics functional diversity generally stronger predictors functioning. Furthermore, most factors (e.g. presence certain group) drivers per se . While suggest become at larger spatial scales, communities this idea too poorly studied draw general conclusions. In summary, high positively various functions. At same time, strength direction these vary highly among can be driving Thus, promote those underpin human well‐being, conservation should not only , also conditions favouring species with suitable trait combinations.

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity effects in the wild are common and as strong as key drivers of productivity

Nature, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 549(7671), С. 261 - 264

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Integrating abundance and functional traits reveals new global hotspots of fish diversity

Nature, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 501(7468), С. 539 - 542

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2013

Язык: Английский

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Bright spots among the world’s coral reefs

Nature, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 535(7612), С. 416 - 419

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2016

Язык: Английский

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How introns enhance gene expression

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 91, С. 145 - 155

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Ongoing global biodiversity loss and the need to move beyond protected areas: a review of the technical and practical shortcomings of protected areas on land and sea

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 434, С. 251 - 266

Опубликована: Май 24, 2011

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 434:251-266 (2011) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09214 REVIEWOngoing global biodiversity loss and need move beyond protected areas: a review of technical practical shortcomings areas on land sea Camilo Mora1,3,*, Peter F. Sale2 1Department Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J1, Canada 2Institute for Water, Environment Health, United Nations Port Carling, Ontario P0B 1J0, 3Present address: Department Geography, University Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: A leading strategy in international efforts reverse ongoing losses is use areas. We broad range data literature show that effectiveness existing, current pace establishment new, will not be able overcome trends marine terrestrial biodiversity. Despite local successes well-designed well-managed proving effective stemming loss, there are significant usual process implementation preclude relying them as solution this problem. The include problems associated with large gaps coverage critical ecological processes related individual home ranges propagule dispersal, overall failure such protect against threats affecting ecosystems. Practical issues budget constraints, conflicts human development, growing population increase only extent anthropogenic stressors but difficulty successfully enforcing While towards improving increasing number and/or size must continue, clear urgent development additional solutions particularly ones stabilize world’s demands KEY WORDS: Land · Effectiveness Conservation Biodiversity Human consumption Full text pdf format PreviousNextCite article as: Mora C, Sale PF Ongoing sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 434:251-266. Export citation Tweet linkedIn Cited by Published Vol. 434. Online publication date: July 28, 2011 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; 1616-1599 Copyright © Inter-Research.

Язык: Английский

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