A practical guide to intelligent image-activated cell sorting

Nature Protocols, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 14(8), С. 2370 - 2415

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Design Options, Implementation Issues and Evaluating Success of Ecologically Engineered Shorelines

CRC Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2019, Номер unknown, С. 169 - 228

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2019

Human population growth and accelerating coastal development have been the drivers for unprecedented construction of artificial structures along shorelines globally.Construction has recently amplified by societal responses to reduce flood erosion risks from rising sea levels more extreme storms resulting climate change.Such structures, leading highly modified shorelines, deliver benefits, but they also create significant socioeconomic environmental challenges.The planning, design deployment these should aim provide multiple goals through application ecoengineering shoreline development.Such developments be designed built with overarching objective reducing negative impacts on nature, using hard, soft hybrid ecological engineering approaches.The ecologically sensitive context-dependent combine engineering, considerations.The costs benefits ecoengineered options considered across all three disciplinary domains when setting objectives, informing plans their subsequent maintenance management ultimately monitoring evaluating success.To date, successful projects engaged stakeholders (e.g.architects, engineers, ecologists, coastal/port managers general public) during conception construction, few evaluated outcomes in a comprehensive manner.Increasing global awareness change (increased frequency or magnitude weather events level rise), coupled future predictions (due urban renewal, land reclamation establishment renewable energy infrastructure sea) will increase demand adaptive techniques protect coastlines.In this review, we present an overview current options, constraints that influence implementation factors consider success such engineered shorelines.

Язык: Английский

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Seagrasses in an era of ocean warming: a review

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 96(5), С. 2009 - 2030

Опубликована: Май 20, 2021

ABSTRACT Seagrasses are valuable sources of food and habitat for marine life one Earth's most efficient carbon sinks. However, they facing a global decline due to ocean warming eutrophication. In the last decade, with advent new technology molecular advances, there has been dramatic increase in number studies focusing on effects seagrasses. Here, we provide comprehensive review future seagrasses an era warming. We have gathered information from published identify potential commonalities responses across four distinct levels: molecular, biochemical/physiological, morphological/population, ecosystem/planetary. To date, know that although strongly affects at all levels, seagrass diverge amongst species, populations, over depths. Furthermore, alters distribution causing massive die‐offs some whilst also tropicalization migration temperate species. this review, evaluate combined other environmental stressors emphasize need multiple‐stressor deeper understanding resilience. conclude by discussing significant knowledge gaps directions research.

Язык: Английский

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To restore coastal marine areas, we need to work across multiple habitats simultaneously

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(26)

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

The linkage between abuse to artisanal cobalt miners—including children—in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and use in advanced batteries has prompted global supply chain reviews, responsible sourcing initiatives, ...From 2000 through 2020, demand for manufacture grew 26-fold. Eighty-two percent this growth occurred China China's refinery production increased 78-fold. Diminished industrial mine early-to-mid ...

Язык: Английский

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Bottom-Up Approaches to Synthetic Cooperation in Microbial Communities

Life, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1), С. 22 - 22

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2019

Microbial cooperation pervades ecological scales, from single-species populations to host-associated microbiomes. Understanding the mechanisms promoting stability of against potential threats by cheaters is a major question that only recently has been approached experimentally. Synthetic biology helped uncover some these basic mechanisms, which were extent anticipated theoretical predictions. Moreover, synthetic promising lead towards engineering novel functions and enhanced productivity microbial communities. Here, we review recent progress on engineered in ecosystems. We focus bottom-up approaches help better understand at population level, progressively addressing challenges tackling higher degrees complexity: spatial structure, multispecies communities, envisage as key ingredient complex

Язык: Английский

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Trait‐based approach to monitoring marine benthic data along 500 km of coastline

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 25(12), С. 1879 - 1896

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2019

Abstract Aim β diversity and its linkages with ecosystem functioning remain poorly documented. This impedes our capacity to predict biodiversity changes how they affect at scales relevant for conservation. Here, we address the functional implications of ongoing seafloor by characterizing regional scale taxonomic α diversities benthic habitats currently threatened biotic homogenization. Location Western Europe. Methods Combining a trait‐based approach community monitoring data covering 7‐year period 500 km coast, explored mechanisms governing assembly in associated two types foundation species, intertidal seagrass subtidal maerl beds, compared bare sediment similar tidal level. We assessed their spatial temporal variability linked these repercussions through analyses diversity. Results Foundation species locally promote Maerl fine‐scale heterogeneity promotes niche leads high redundancy whole compartment, providing insurance functioning. Seagrass seems more reliant on transient is only few functions. Maintaining seascapes which are embedded essential ensure long‐term At scale, poorer harbour richness as biogenic because higher within‐habitat Main conclusions Our study reinforces conservation value but highlights that different underlie local diversity, has vulnerabilities communities. Accounting also stressed potential underrated Coupling approaches can help link broad‐scale underlying drivers, bringing mechanistic understanding closer loss management actions occur.

Язык: Английский

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Playing to the Positives: Using Synergies to Enhance Kelp Forest Restoration

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2020

Kelp forests are highly productive foundation species along much of the world's coastline. As a result, kelp crucial to ecological, social, and economic well-being coastal communities. Yet, due combination acute chronic stressors, under threat have declined in many locations worldwide. Active restoration ecosystems is an emerging field that aims reverse these declines by mitigating negative stressors then, if needed, introducing biotic material into environment. To date, few efforts incorporated positive interactions. This gap presents potential shortcoming for as evidence from other marine illustrates inclusion interactions can enhance success. Additionally, climate continues warm, this approach will be particularly pertinent also expand range physical conditions which persist. Here we highlight how practitioners use density dependence within amongst increase chances At higher trophic levels, emphasize co-restoring predators prime restoration. We investigate technologies genetic microbial selection manipulation tolerance target warming stressors. Finally, provide examples existing anthropogenic activities facilitate while performing alternative purposes. continue decline develop, it important monitor advancements ensure they do not unintended ecosystem effects, with untested techniques such manipulations. Nevertheless, incorporating future practice stands promote more holistic form increases likelihood success shifting seascape.

Язык: Английский

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Season affects strength and direction of the interactive impacts of ocean warming and biotic stress in a coastal seaweed ecosystem

Limnology and Oceanography, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 65(4), С. 807 - 827

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2019

Abstract The plea for using more “realistic,” community‐level, investigations to assess the ecological impacts of global change has recently intensified. Such experiments are typically complex, longer, expensive, and harder interpret than simple organism‐level benchtop experiments. Are they worth extra effort? Using outdoor mesocosms, we investigated effects ocean warming (OW) acidification (OA), their combination (OAW), natural fluctuations on coastal communities western Baltic Sea during all four seasons. These dominated by perennial canopy‐forming macrophyte Fucus vesiculosus —an important ecosystem engineer Baltic‐wide. We, additionally, assessed direct response organisms temperature pH in experiments, examined how well responses can predict community‐level dominant driver, OW. OW affected mesocosm substantially stronger acidification. provoked structural functional shifts community that differed strength direction among matched a given species only under warm cold thermal stress, is, summer winter. In other seasons, biotic interactions masked effects. OW‐driven is likely jeopardize future habitat‐forming macroalga F. Sea. Furthermore, conclude seasonal essential our understanding impact because take into account abiotic pressures.

Язык: Английский

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Optimal control to reach eco-evolutionary stability in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 15(12), С. e0243386 - e0243386

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2020

In the absence of curative therapies, treatment metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using currently available drugs can be improved by integrating evolutionary principles that govern proliferation resistant subpopulations into current protocols. Here we develop what is coined as an ‘evolutionary stable therapy’, within context mathematical model has been used to inform first adaptive therapy clinical trial mCRPC. The objective this maintain a polymorphic tumor heterogeneity sensitive and cells in order prolong efficacy progression free survival. Optimal control analysis shows increasing dose titration protocol, very common dosing process, achieve stabilization for wide range potential initial compositions volumes. Furthermore, larger volumes may counter intuitively more likely stabilized if dominate composition at time treatment, suggesting delay could prove beneficial. While it remains uncertain disease humans properties allow truly stabilized, benefits protocol warrant additional pre-clinical investigations.

Язык: Английский

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Benthic-based contributions to climate change mitigation and adaptation

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 375(1794), С. 20190107 - 20190107

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2020

Innovative solutions to improve the condition and resilience of ecosystems are needed address societal challenges pave way towards a climate-resilient future. Nature-based offer potential protect, sustainably manage restore natural or modified while providing multiple other benefits for health, economy, society environment. However, implementation nature-based stems from discourse that is almost exclusively derived terrestrial urban context assumes risk reduction resolved locally. We argue this position ignores importance complex ecological interactions across range temporal spatial scales misses substantive contribution marine ecosystems, which notably absent most climate mitigation adaptation strategies extend beyond coastal disaster management. Here, we consider sediment-dwelling fauna flora inform support solutions, how ecology benthic environments can enhance plans. illustrate our thesis with examples practice generating, have deliver, transformative change discuss where further innovation might be applied. Finally, take reflective look at realized capacity benthic-based contribute plans perspectives on suitability shortcomings past achievements prospective rewards sensible prioritization future research. This article part theme issue ‘Climate ecosystems: threats, opportunities solutions'.

Язык: Английский

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