Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Indicate Mammalian Abundance Across Broad Spatial Scales

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Ongoing ecosystem change and biodiversity decline across the Afrotropics call for tools to monitor state of or elements extensive spatial temporal scales. We assessed relationships in co‐occurrence patterns between great apes other medium large‐bodied mammals evaluate whether ape abundance serves as a proxy mammal diversity broad used camera trap footage recorded at 22 research sites, each known harbor population chimpanzees, some additionally gorillas, 12 sub‐Saharan African countries. From ~350,000 1‐min videos 2010 2016, we estimated mammalian community metrics, including species richness, Shannon diversity, mean animal mass. then fitted Bayesian Regression Models assess potential detection rates (as abundance) these metrics. included site‐level protection status, human footprint, precipitation variance control variables. found that species, well mass were largely positive. In contrast, rate richness less clear differed according site impact context. no association diversity. Our findings suggest chimpanzees hold indicators specific communities, especially population‐level composition‐related characteristics. Declines chimpanzee populations may indicate associated declines sympatric highlight need improved conservation interventions.Changes likely precede extirpation mammals.

Язык: Английский

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Combined effects of land use and hunting on distributions of tropical mammals

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 34(5), С. 1271 - 1280

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2020

Abstract Land use and hunting are 2 major pressures on biodiversity in the tropics. Yet, their combined impacts have not been systematically quantified at a large scale. We estimated effects of both distributions 1884 tropical mammal species by integrating species’ range maps, detailed land‐use maps (1992 2015), species‐specific habitat preference data, pressure model. further identified areas where were greatest (hotspots) least (coolspots) to determine priority for mitigation or prevention pressures. was main driver reduced distribution all considered. caused additional reductions large‐bodied distributions. Together, land 41% (SD 30) average (year 2015). Overlap between only 2% average. contributed more loss (39% average) than (4% average). However, mammals 29% average; hence, lost disproportional amount area due combination Gran Chaco, Atlantic Forest, Thailand had high levels impact across (hotspots loss). In contrast, Amazon Congo Basins, Guianas, Borneo relatively low (coolspots Overall, human increased from 1992 2015 corresponding losses 38% species. To effectively protect mammals, conservation policies should address simultaneously because highly complementary. Our spatially results may support future national global agendas, including design post‐2020 protected targets strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco

Ecography, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 43(7), С. 954 - 966

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2020

Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity where they co‐occur, their combined impact is often larger than individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of spatial footprints these lacking, including overlap how change over time. These gaps real barriers for effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach reconstruct both We combine satellite‐based land‐cover maps, habitat suitability models hunting pressure demonstrate our community mammals (48 species > 1 kg) across 1.1 million km 2 Gran Chaco region, global deforestation hotspot covering parts Argentina, Bolivia Paraguay. This provides three key insights. First, find that expanded considerably between 1985 2015, ~40% entire – twice area affected by deforestation. Second, increasingly acted together within ranges in (17% increase on average, ± 20% SD, cumulative co‐occurring 465 000 ), suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas high‐quality habitats declined average 38%. Third, identified remaining priority northern central Chaco, many which outside protected network. also identify hotspots high threat impacts Paraguay providing template threat‐specific action. Overall, findings suggest increasing effects situation likely common tropical frontiers. Our work highlights can be traced space time understand impact, even situations data sparse.

Язык: Английский

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Global extent and drivers of mammal population declines in protected areas under illegal hunting pressure

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 15(8), С. e0227163 - e0227163

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2020

Illegal hunting is a persistent problem in many protected areas, but an overview of the extent this and its impact on wildlife lacking. We reviewed 40 years (1980–2020) global research to examine spatial distribution socio-ecological factors influencing population decline within areas under illegal pressure. From 81 papers reporting 988 species/site combinations, 294 mammal species were reported have been illegally hunted from 155 across 48 countries. Research has increased substantially during review period showed biases towards strictly African continent. Population declines most frequent countries with low human development index, particularly strict for body mass over 100 kg. Our results provide evidence that likely cause large-bodied resource-poor regardless area conservation status. Given growing pressures hunting, investments people's additional efforts such as improving anti-poaching strategies resources terms funding personnel directed at are priority.

Язык: Английский

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Challenges in producing policy-relevant global scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 22, С. e00886 - e00886

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2019

Scenario-based modelling is a powerful tool to describe relationships between plausible trajectories of drivers, possible policy interventions, and impacts on biodiversity ecosystem services. Model inter-comparisons are key in quantifying uncertainties identifying avenues for model improvement but have been missing among the global services communities. The scenario-based inter-model comparison (BES-SIM) aims fill this gap. We used land-use climate projections simulate future terrestrial using variety models range harmonized metrics. goal paper reflect steps taken BES-SIM, identify remaining methodological challenges, suggest pathways improvement. identified five major groups challenges; need to: 1) better account role nature human development storylines; 2) improve representation drivers scenarios by increasing resolution (temporal, spatial thematic) as driver change including additional relevant drivers; 3) explicitly integrate species- trait-level models; 4) expand coverage multiple dimensions services; finally, 5) incorporate time-series or one-off historical data calibration validation models. Addressing these challenges would allow more integrated services, thereby improving their relevance supporting interlinked international conservation sustainable agendas.

Язык: Английский

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