The Border Between Seeing and Thinking

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Abstract This book argues that there is a joint in nature between seeing and thinking, perception, cognition. Perception constitutively iconic, nonconceptual, nonpropositional, whereas cognition does not have these properties constitutively. The appeal to “intuitions,” as common philosophy, but empirical evidence, including experiments neuroscience psychology. affects i.e., perception cognitively penetrable, this impugn the nature. A key part of argument we perceive only low-level like colors, shapes, textures also high-level such faces causation. Along way, explains difference perceptual memory, differences format content, whether probabilistic despite our lack awareness properties. for categories are concepts, need be singular, attribution discrimination equally fundamental, basic features mind known “core cognition” third category chapter on consciousness leverages results argue against some most widely accepted theories consciousness. Although one about consciousness, much rest repurposes work isolate scientific basis perception.

Язык: Английский

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Movement-Related Signals in Sensory Areas: Roles in Natural Behavior

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 43(8), С. 581 - 595

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Interstitial ions: A key regulator of state-dependent neural activity?

Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 193, С. 101802 - 101802

Опубликована: Май 13, 2020

Throughout the nervous system, ion gradients drive fundamental processes. Yet, roles of interstitial ions in brain functioning is largely forgotten. Emerging literature now revitalizing this area neuroscience by showing that cations (K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) are not static quantities but change dynamically across states such as sleep locomotion. In turn, these state-dependent changes capable sculpting neuronal activity; for example, changing local composition cortex sufficient modulating prevalence slow-frequency oscillations, or potentiating gain visually evoked responses. Disturbances ionic homeostasis may also play a central role pathogenesis system diseases. For impairments K+ buffering occur number neurodegenerative diseases, abnormalities activity disease models disappear when normalized. Here we provide an overview physiology pathology. We propose uses signaling global mechanism to coordinate its complex patterns, failure contributes diseases affecting cognitive functions behavior.

Язык: Английский

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Restoration of Attention by Rest in a Multitasking World: Theory, Methodology, and Empirical Evidence

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

In this work, we evaluate the status of both theory and empirical evidence in field experimental rest-break research based on a framework that combines mental-chronometry psychometric-measurement theory. To end, (1) provide taxonomy rest breaks according to which studies can be classified (e.g., by differentiating between long, short, micro-rest context temporal properties). Then, (2) theorizing basic applied fields explain how popular concepts ego depletion model, opportunity cost theory, attention restoration action readiness, etc.) relate each other contemporary theoretical debates. Here, highlight differences all these models light two symbolic categories, termed resource-based satiation-based including aspects related dynamics control (strategic or non-strategic) mechanisms at work. Based critical assessment existing methodological approaches, finally (3) set guidelines for building future approaches study breaks. We conclude psychometrically advanced theoretically focused recovery has potential sound scientific basis eventually mitigate adverse effects ever increasing task demands performance well-being multitasking world work leisure.

Язык: Английский

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A mobile EEG study on the psychophysiological effects of walking and crowding in indoor and outdoor urban environments

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022

Abstract Environmental psychologists have established multiple psychological benefits of interaction with natural, compared to urban, environments on emotion, cognition, and attention. Yet, given the increasing urbanisation worldwide, it is equally important understand how differences within different urban influence human experience. We developed a laboratory experiment examine psychophysiological effects physical (outdoor or indoor) social (crowded versus uncrowded) environment in healthy young adults, validate use mobile electroencephalography (EEG) electrodermal activity (EDA) measurements during active walking. Participants (N = 42) were randomly assigned into walking standing group, watched six 1-min walk-through videos green, indoor outdoor environments, depicting high low levels density. Self-reported emotional states show that green spaces perceived as more calm positive, reduce attentional demands. Further, space positively than environment. These findings are consistent earlier studies nature confirm effectiveness our paradigm stimuli. In addition, we hypothesised even short-term exposure crowded scenes would negative effects. found evoked higher self-reported arousal, valence, recruited cognitive resources. However, participants, they frontal alpha asymmetry, suggesting positive affective responses. Furthermore, using recent signal-processing methods, EEG data produced comparable signal-to-noise ratio between standing, despite skin-conductance also captured effectively responses results suggest visually presented stimuli can be measured EDA ambulatory settings, there complex walking, density spaces, direct indirect such environments.

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis provide evidence for an effect of acute physical activity on cognition in young adults

Communications Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Physical exercise is a potential intervention for enhancing cognitive function across the lifespan. However, while studies employing long-term interventions consistently show positive effects on cognition, using single acute bouts have produced mixed results. Here, systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine impact of task performance in healthy young adults. A Bayesian hierarchical model quantified probabilistic evidence modulatory relationship by synthesizing 651 effect sizes from 113 PsychInfo Google Scholar representing 4,390 participants. Publication bias mitigated trim-and-fill method. Acute found small beneficial cognition (g = 0.13 ± 0.04; BF 3.67) decrease reaction time. restricted executive tasks revealed improvements working memory inhibition. Meta-analytic estimates were consistent multiple priors likelihood functions. activities categorized based type (e.g., cycling) because many aerobic anaerobic components, but this approach may limit comparison that categorize metabolic demands. The current study provides an updated synthesis existing literature insights into robustness exercise-induced cognition. Funding provided United States Army Research Office.

Язык: Английский

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How movements shape the perception of time

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 25(11), С. 950 - 963

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Walking modulates visual detection performance according to stride cycle phase

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Walking is among our most frequent and natural of voluntary behaviours, yet the consequences locomotion upon perceptual cognitive function remain largely unknown. Recent work has highlighted that although walking feels smooth continuous, critical phases exist within each step for successful coordination motor function. Here, we test whether these phasic demands impact visual perception, by assessing performance in a detection task during unencumbered walking. We finely sample over stride cycle as participants walk along linear path at comfortable speed wireless virtual reality environment. At group-level, accuracy, reaction times, response likelihood show strong oscillations, modulating approximately 2 cycles per (~2 Hz) with marked phase optimal aligned swing step. participant level, Bayesian inference population prevalence reveals highly prevalent oscillations cluster two idiosyncratic frequency ranges (2 or 4 stride), alignment across participants.

Язык: Английский

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Two stream hypothesis of visual processing for navigation in mouse

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 64, С. 70 - 78

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Capturing Cognitive Events Embedded in the Real World Using Mobile Electroencephalography and Eye-Tracking

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(12), С. 2237 - 2255

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Abstract The study of cognitive processes underlying natural behaviors implies departing from computerized paradigms and artificial experimental probes. present aims to assess the feasibility capturing neural markers (P300 ERPs) evoked in response identification task-relevant objects embedded a real-world environment. To this end, EEG eye-tracking data were recorded while participants attended stimuli presented on tablet they searched for books library. Initial analyses library revealed that P300-like features shifted time. A Dynamic Time Warping analysis confirmed presence P300 ERP condition. Library then lag-corrected based cross-correlation coefficients. Together, these approaches uncovered responses recordings. These findings highlight relevance scalable designs, joint brain body recordings, template-matching capture events during behaviors.

Язык: Английский

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