PLoS Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
19(12), С. e1011817 - e1011817
Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2023
It
is
increasingly
appreciated
that
pathogens
can
spread
as
infectious
units
constituted
by
multiple,
genetically
diverse
genomes,
also
called
collective
or
genome
collectives.
However,
genetic
characterization
of
the
spatial
dynamics
in
animal
hosts
demanding,
and
it
rarely
feasible
humans.
Measles
virus
(MeV),
whose
lymphatic
tissues
airway
epithelia
relies
on
units,
can,
rare
cases,
cause
subacute
sclerosing
panencephalitis
(SSPE),
a
lethal
human
brain
disease.
In
different
SSPE
MeV
acquisition
tropism
has
been
attributed
to
mutations
affecting
either
fusion
matrix
protein,
both,
but
overarching
mechanism
driving
adaptation
not
understood.
Here
we
analyzed
RNA
from
several
spatially
distinct
regions
an
individual
who
succumbed
SSPE.
Surprisingly,
identified
two
major
subpopulations
present
at
variable
frequencies
all
15
specimens
examined.
Both
types
accumulated
like
those
shown
favor
receptor-independent
cell-cell
other
cases.
Most
infected
cells
carried
both
types,
suggesting
possibility
complementation.
We
cannot
definitively
chart
history
this
brain,
observations
suggest
mutant
genomes
generated
frontal
cortex
moved
outwards
diversified.
During
diversification,
cytoplasmic
tails
viral
envelope
proteins
emerged
fluctuated
frequency
across
backgrounds,
convergent
potentially
frequency-dependent
evolution
for
modulation
fusogenicity.
propose
unit
drove
pathogenesis
brain.
Re-examination
published
data
suggests
similar
processes
may
have
occurred
Our
studies
provide
primer
analyses
disease
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
34(6), С. 321 - 344
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023
Acute
COVID-19
infection
is
followed
by
prolonged
symptoms
in
approximately
one
ten
cases:
known
as
Long
COVID.
The
disease
affects
~65
million
individuals
worldwide.
Many
pathophysiological
processes
appear
to
underlie
COVID,
including
viral
factors
(persistence,
reactivation,
and
bacteriophagic
action
of
SARS
CoV-2);
host
(chronic
inflammation,
metabolic
endocrine
dysregulation,
immune
autoimmunity);
downstream
impacts
(tissue
damage
from
the
initial
infection,
tissue
hypoxia,
dysbiosis,
autonomic
nervous
system
dysfunction).
These
mechanisms
culminate
long-term
persistence
disorder
characterized
a
thrombotic
endothelialitis,
endothelial
hyperactivated
platelets,
fibrinaloid
microclots.
abnormalities
blood
vessels
coagulation
affect
every
organ
represent
unifying
pathway
for
various
Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
95(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023
ABSTRACT
SARS‐CoV‐2,
the
causative
agent
of
COVID‐19
disease,
has
resulted
in
death
millions
worldwide
since
beginning
pandemic
December
2019.
While
much
progress
been
made
to
understand
acute
manifestations
SARS‐CoV‐2
infection,
less
is
known
about
post‐acute
sequelae
(PASC).
We
investigated
levels
both
Spike
protein
(Spike)
and
viral
RNA
circulating
patients
hospitalized
with
without
PASC.
found
that
were
more
likely
be
present
Among
these
patients,
30%
positive
for
RNA;
whereas,
none
individuals
PASC
both.
The
and/or
PASC+ve
increased
or
remained
same
as
phase;
PASC−ve
group,
components
decreased
totally
absent.
Additionally,
this
first
report
show
part
linked
extracellular
vesicles
any
presence
vesicles.
In
conclusion,
our
findings
suggest
fragments
persist
recovered
up
1
year
longer
after
infection.
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(2), С. 400 - 400
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023
A
novel
syndrome
called
long-haul
COVID
or
long
is
increasingly
recognized
in
a
significant
percentage
of
individuals
within
few
months
after
infection
with
SARS-CoV-2.
This
disorder
characterized
by
wide
range
persisting,
returning
even
new
but
related
symptoms
that
involve
different
tissues
and
organs,
including
respiratory,
cardiac,
vascular,
gastrointestinal,
musculo-skeletal,
neurological,
endocrine
systemic.
Some
overlapping
symptomatologies
exist
between
myalgic
encephalomyelitis/chronic
fatigue
(ME/CFS).
Very
much
like
ME/CFS,
infections
herpes
family
viruses,
immune
dysregulation,
the
persistence
inflammation
have
been
reported
as
most
common
pattern
for
development
COVID.
review
describes
several
factors
determinants
proposed,
elaborating
mainly
on
viral
persistence,
reactivation
latent
viruses
such
Epstein–Barr
virus
human
herpesvirus
6
which
are
also
associated
pathology
superantigen
activation
system,
disturbance
gut
microbiome,
multiple
tissue
damage
autoimmunity.
Based
these
factors,
we
propose
diagnostic
strategies
measurement
IgG
IgM
antibodies
against
SARS-CoV-2,
EBV,
HHV-6,
superantigens,
microbiota,
biomarkers
autoimmunity
to
better
understand
manage
this
multi-factorial
continues
affect
millions
people
world.
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023
The
emergence
of
persistent
ill-health
in
the
aftermath
SARS-CoV-2
infection
has
presented
significant
challenges
to
patients,
healthcare
workers
and
researchers.
Termed
long
COVID,
or
post-acute
sequelae
COVID-19
(PASC),
symptoms
this
condition
are
highly
variable
span
multiple
body
systems.
underlying
pathophysiology
remains
poorly
understood,
with
no
therapeutic
agents
proven
be
effective.
This
narrative
review
describes
predominant
clinical
features
phenotypes
COVID
alongside
data
supporting
potential
pathogenesis
these
including
ongoing
immune
dysregulation,
viral
persistence,
endotheliopathy,
gastrointestinal
microbiome
disturbance,
autoimmunity,
dysautonomia.
Finally,
we
describe
current
therapies
under
investigation,
as
well
future
options
based
on
proposed
research.
The Lancet Microbe,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
4(9), С. e745 - e756
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2023
In
this
Personal
View,
we
discuss
current
knowledge
on
SARS-CoV-2
RNA
or
antigen
persistence
in
children
infected
with
SARS-CoV-2.
Based
the
evidence
that
virus
can
persist
adults,
have
done
a
literature
review
and
analysed
studies
looked
for
antigens
undergoing
autopsy,
biopsy,
surgery
either
death
from
COVID-19
multisystem
inflammatory
syndrome,
assessments
long
other
conditions.
Our
analysis
suggests
children,
independent
disease
severity,
spread
systemically
weeks
to
months.
We
what
is
known
about
biological
effects
of
viral
infections
highlight
new
scenarios
clinical,
pharmacological,
basic
research
exploration.
Such
an
approach
will
improve
understanding
management
post-viral
syndromes.
Cell Reports Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(2), С. 101392 - 101392
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024
Lassa
fever
(LF)
is
an
acute
viral
illness
that
causes
thousands
of
deaths
annually
in
West
Africa.
There
are
currently
no
virus
(LASV)
vaccines
or
antivirals
approved
for
human
use.
Recently,
we
showed
combinations
broadly
neutralizing
monoclonal
antibodies
(BNhuMAbs)
known
as
Arevirumab-2
Arevirumab-3
protected
up
to
100%
cynomolgus
macaques
against
challenge
with
diverse
lineages
LASV
when
treatment
was
initiated
at
advanced
stages
disease.
This
previous
work
assessed
efficacy
parenteral
exposure.
However,
transmission
humans
occurs
primarily
by
mucosal
exposure
shed
from
Mastomys
rodents.
Here,
describe
the
development
a
lethal
intranasal
macaque
model
LF.
employed
show
Arevirumab
cocktails
rescue
infection
8
days
after
Our
demonstrates
BNhuMAbs
have
utility
treating
acquired
through
Infection,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
52(5), С. 2043 - 2059
Опубликована: Май 27, 2024
The
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
is
the
causative
agent
of
highly
contagious
disease
Corona
Virus
Disease
2019
(COVID-19)
that
may
lead
to
various
neurological
and
psychological
disorders
can
be
acute,
lasting
days
weeks
or
months
possibly
longer.
latter
known
as
long-COVID
more
recently
post-acute
sequelae
COVID
(PASC).
During
COVID-19
infection,
a
strong
inflammatory
response,
cytokine
storm,
occurs
in
some
patients.
levels
interferon-γ
(IFN-γ),
interferon-β
(IFN-β),
interleukin-6
(IL-6)
tumour
necrosis
factor-alpha
(TNF-α)
are
particularly
increased.
These
cytokines
activate
enzyme
indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase
1
(IDO-1),
catalysing
first
step
tryptophan
(Trp)
catabolism
through
kynurenine
pathway
(KP)
leading
production
several
neurotoxic
immunosuppressive
metabolites.
There
already
data
showing
elevation
KP
metabolites
both
acutely
PASC,
especially
regarding
cognitive
impairment.
Thus,
it
likely
involvement
significant
SARS-CoV-2
pathogenesis
neurologically.
