Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Nutrition and Its Relationship to Epigenetics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1228 - 1228

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

The intestinal microbiota is a community of microorganisms inhabiting the human intestines, potentially influencing both physiological and pathophysiological processes in body. Existing evidence suggests that nutrients can influence modulation gut microbiota. However, there still limited regarding effects vitamin mineral supplementation on through epigenetic modification. It plausible maintaining an adequate dietary intake D, iron, fibre, zinc magnesium may have beneficial effect alleviating inflammation body, reducing oxidative stress, improving condition various mechanisms. Moreover, epigenetics involves alterations phenotype cell without changing its fundamental DNA sequence. appears by lead to regulation. correlations between are interdependent. Therefore, primary objective this review identify complex relationships diet, microbiota, These interactions could play crucial role systemic health.

Язык: Английский

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Integration of 168,000 samples reveals global patterns of the human gut microbiome

Cell, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The factors shaping human microbiome variation are a major focus of biomedical research. While other fields have used large sequencing compendia to extract insights requiring otherwise impractical sample sizes, the field has lacked comparably sized resource for 16S rRNA gene amplicon commonly quantify composition. To address this gap, we processed 168,464 publicly available gut samples with uniform pipeline. We use compendium evaluate geographic and technical effects on variation. find that regions such as Central Southern Asia differ significantly from more thoroughly characterized microbiomes Europe Northern America composition alone can be predict sample's region origin. also strong associations between primers DNA extraction. anticipate growing work, Human Microbiome Compendium, will enable advanced applied methodological

Язык: Английский

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Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 258 - 258

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD), a distinctive and often overlooked illness in the 21st century, is congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises group of disorders, with sickle anemia (SCA) being most prevalent serious genotype. Although there have been some systematic reviews global data, worldwide statistics regarding SCD prevalence, morbidity, mortality remain scarce. In developed countries lower number patients, cutting-edge technologies led to development new treatments. However, developing settings where (SCD) more prevalent, medical management, rather than cure, still relies on use hydroxyurea, transfusions, analgesics. This that affects red cells, consequently affecting organs diverse manners. We discuss its etiology advent technologies, but aim this study understand various types nutrition-related studies involving individuals suffering from SCD, particularly Africa. The interplay environment, food, gut microbiota, along their respective genomes collectively known as microbiome, host metabolism responsible for mediating metabolic phenotypes modulating microbiota. addition, it serves purpose providing essential nutrients. Moreover, engages direct interactions homeostasis immune system, well indirect via metabolites. Nutrition interventions nutritional care are mechanisms addressing increased nutrient expenditures important aspects supportive management patients SCD. Underprivileged areas Sub-Saharan Africa should be accompanied efforts define promote Their importance key maintaining well-being quality life, especially because products limited, while native medicinal plant resources acknowledged.

Язык: Английский

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Skin Microbiota: Mediator of Interactions Between Metabolic Disorders and Cutaneous Health and Disease

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 161 - 161

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and metabolic syndrome, are systemic conditions that profoundly impact the skin microbiota, a dynamic community of bacteria, fungi, viruses, mites essential for cutaneous health. Dysbiosis caused by dysfunction contributes to barrier disruption, immune dysregulation, increased susceptibility inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne. For instance, hyperglycemia in T2DM leads formation advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which bind receptor AGEs (RAGE) on keratinocytes cells, promoting oxidative stress inflammation while facilitating Staphylococcus aureus colonization dermatitis. Similarly, obesity-induced dysregulation sebaceous lipid composition increases saturated fatty acids, favoring pathogenic strains Cutibacterium acnes, produce metabolites exacerbate Advances metabolomics microbiome sequencing have unveiled critical biomarkers, such as short-chain acids microbial signatures, predictive therapeutic outcomes. example, elevated butyrate levels psoriasis been associated with reduced Th17-mediated inflammation, presence specific Lactobacillus has shown potential modulate tolerance Furthermore, machine learning models increasingly used integrate multi-omics data, enabling personalized interventions. Emerging therapies, probiotics postbiotics, aim restore diversity, phage therapy selectively targets bacteria like without disrupting beneficial flora. Clinical trials demonstrated significant reductions lesions improved quality-of-life metrics patients receiving these microbiota-targeted treatments. This review synthesizes current evidence bidirectional interplay between disorders highlighting implications future directions. By addressing microbiota-mediated pathways, precision strategies paving way patient outcomes dermatologic care.

Язык: Английский

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Dysbiosis Signature of Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(5), С. 1040 - 1040

Опубликована: Май 8, 2024

Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with approximately 500,000 new cases reported in 2020. Existing strategies for early PC detection primarily target individuals at high risk developing disease. Nevertheless, there is a pressing need to identify innovative clinical approaches and personalized treatments effective management. This study aimed explore dysbiosis signature fecal microbiota potential distinctions between its Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) phenotypes, which could carry diagnostic significance. The enrolled 33 participants, including 22 diagnosed PDAC, 11 IPMN, 24 healthy controls. Fecal samples were collected subjected microbial diversity analysis across various taxonomic levels. findings revealed elevated abundances Firmicutes Proteobacteria patients, whereas controls exhibited higher proportions Bacteroidota. Both LEfSe Random Forest analyses indicated microbiome’s effectively distinguish control but fell short differentiating IPMN PDAC samples. These results contribute current understanding this challenging type highlight applications microbiome research. In essence, provides clear evidence gut capability serve biomarker detection, emphasizing steps required further differentiation among diverse phenotypes.

Язык: Английский

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A cross-systems primer for synthetic microbial communities

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(11), С. 2765 - 2773

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Population-specific differences in the human microbiome: Factors defining the diversity

Gene, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 933, С. 148923 - 148923

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Pleasurable and problematic receptive anal intercourse and diseases of the colon, rectum and anus

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(6), С. 377 - 405

Опубликована: Май 19, 2024

The ability to experience pleasurable sexual activity is important for human health. Receptive anal intercourse (RAI) a common, though frequently stigmatized, activity. Little known about how diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus their treatments affect RAI. Engaging in RAI with gastrointestinal disease can be difficult due unpredictability symptoms treatment-related toxic effects. Patients might sphincter hypertonicity, symptom-specific anxiety, altered pelvic blood flow from structural disorders, decreased sensation cancer-directed therapies or body image issues stoma creation. These result problematic — encompassing anodyspareunia (painful RAI), arousal dysfunction, orgasm dysfunction desire. Therapeutic strategies patients living and/or include floor muscle strengthening stretching, psychological interventions, restorative devices. Providing health-care professionals framework discuss diagnose help improve patient outcomes. Normalizing RAI, affirming pleasure acknowledging that system involved pleasure, function health will transform scientific paradigm one more just equitable. an consideration disorders cancers. This Review discusses anorectum as organ, providing overview itself associated (such surgery) Strategies manage are also described.

Язык: Английский

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Forensic Insights from Shotgun Metagenomics: Tracing Microbial Exchange During Sexual Intercourse

Forensic Science International Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 78, С. 103266 - 103266

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Complexity of human death: its physiological, transcriptomic, and microbiological implications

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Human death is a complex, time-governed phenomenon that leads to the irreversible cessation of all bodily functions. Recent molecular and genetic studies have revealed remarkable experimental evidence genetically programmed cellular characterized by several physiological processes; however, basic function occurs during immediate postmortem period remains inadequately described. There paucity knowledge connecting necrotic pathologies occurring in human organ tissues complete functional loss organism. Cells, tissues, organs, systems show range differential resilience endurance responses occur organismal death. Intriguingly, persistent ambiguity study determination trajectory complex multicellular body, far from life-sustaining homeostasis, following gradual or sudden expiry its regulatory systems. groundbreaking investigations resulted paradigm shift understanding cell biology physiology Two significant findings are (i) most cells body microbial, (ii) microbial abundance significantly increases after By addressing as well microbiological aspects death, future poised reveal innovative insights into enigmatic biological activities associated with decomposition. Understanding elaborate crosstalk abiotic biotic factors context has implications for scientific discoveries important informing translational regarding transition living non-living. practical needs transformative reestablishment accepted models (i.e., artificial intelligence, AI) more precise determinations when mechanisms homeostasis individual ceased. In this review, we summarize physiological, genetic, processes define changes pathways

Язык: Английский

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