Journal of Cell Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
137(24)
Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2024
Animal
genomes
are
packaged
into
chromatin,
a
highly
dynamic
macromolecular
structure
of
DNA
and
histone
proteins
organised
nucleosomes.
This
accommodates
packaging
lengthy
genomic
sequences
within
the
physical
confines
nucleus
while
also
enabling
precise
regulation
access
to
genetic
information.
However,
histones
existed
before
chromatin
have
lesser-known
functions
beyond
genome
regulation.
Most
notably,
potent
antimicrobial
agents,
release
extracellular
space
is
defence
mechanism
nearly
as
ancient
widespread
itself.
Histone
changed
very
little
throughout
evolution,
suggesting
possibility
that
some
their
'non-canonical'
at
play
in
parallel
or
concert
with
regulatory
functions.
In
this
Review,
we
take
an
evolutionary
perspective
histone,
nuclear
biology
describe
known
extranuclear
histones.
We
detail
molecular
mechanisms
sensing,
discuss
roles
physiology
disease.
Finally,
present
evidence
give
on
potential
act
bioactive,
cell
modulatory
factors.
Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
504, С. 153787 - 153787
Опубликована: Март 23, 2024
Cadmium
(Cd)
is
a
common
heavy
metal
pollutant
in
the
environment,
and
widespread
use
of
products
containing
Cd
compounds
industry
has
led
to
excessive
levels
which
enter
animal
body
through
food
chain,
thus
seriously
affecting
reproductive
development
animals.
Related
studies
have
reported
that
severely
affects
spermatogonia
spermatogenesis
In
contrast,
toxicity
males
its
mechanism
action
not
been
clarified.
Therefore,
this
paper
reviewed
toxic
effects
on
germ
cells,
somatic
cells
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
axis
(HPG
axis)
male
animals
mechanisms
oxidative
stress,
apoptosis
autophagy
from
perspectives
cytology,
genetics
neuroendocrinology.
The
stress
epigenetic
modification
were
also
analyzed.
We
hope
provide
reference
for
in-depth
study
reproduction.
The EMBO Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(7), С. 1187 - 1213
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024
Abstract
Histone
modifications
commonly
integrate
environmental
cues
with
cellular
metabolic
outputs
by
affecting
gene
expression.
However,
chromatin
such
as
acetylation
do
not
always
correlate
transcription,
pointing
towards
an
alternative
role
of
histone
in
metabolism.
Using
approach
that
integrates
mass
spectrometry-based
modification
mapping
and
metabolomics
stable
isotope
tracers,
we
demonstrate
elevated
lipids
acetyltransferase-depleted
hepatocytes
result
from
carbon
atoms
derived
deacetylation
hyperacetylated
H4
flowing
fatty
acids.
Consistently,
enhanced
lipid
synthesis
is
dependent
on
deacetylases
acetyl-CoA
synthetase
ACSS2,
but
the
substrate
specificity
acetyltransferases.
Furthermore,
show
during
diet-induced
levels
decrease
mouse
liver.
In
addition,
overexpression
acetyltransferases
can
reverse
lipogenesis
blocking
droplet
accumulation
maintaining
H4.
Overall,
these
findings
highlight
histones
a
metabolite
reservoir
directly
contribute
to
synthesis,
constituting
novel
function
Current Research in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5, С. 100077 - 100077
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Macrophages
restrain
microbial
infection
and
reinstate
tissue
homeostasis.
The
mitochondria
govern
macrophage
metabolism
serve
as
pivot
in
innate
immunity,
thus
acting
immunometabolic
regulon.
Metabolic
pathways
produce
electron
flows
that
end
up
mitochondrial
transport
chain
(mtETC),
made
of
super-complexes
regulating
multitude
molecular
biochemical
processes.
Cell-intrinsic
extrinsic
factors
influence
mtETC
structure
function,
impacting
several
aspects
immunity.
These
provide
the
macrophages
with
alternate
fuel
sources
metabolites,
critical
to
gain
functional
competence
overcoming
pathogenic
stress.
Mitochondrial
reactive
oxygen
species
(mtROS)
oxidative
phosphorylation
(OXPHOS)
generated
through
are
important
immune
attributes,
which
help
mounting
antibacterial
responses.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
role
governing
dynamics
polarization
(M1/M2).
M1
for
containing
bacterial
pathogens
M2
promote
repair
wound
healing.
Thus,
bioenergetics
intimately
coupled
In
this
review,
we
addressed
function
rheostats
regulate
reprogramming
Advancement
field
encourages
further
exploration
provides
potential
novel
macrophage-based
therapeutic
targets
control
unsolicited
inflammation.
Biochemical Society Transactions,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
52(3), С. 1327 - 1337
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024
The
close
relationship
between
chromatin
and
metabolism
has
been
well-studied
in
recent
years.
Many
metabolites
have
found
to
be
cofactors
used
modify
chromatin,
these
modifications
can
turn
affect
gene
transcription.
One
chromatin-associated
factor
responsible
for
regulating
transcription
is
the
SWI/SNF
complex,
an
ATP-dependent
remodeler
conserved
throughout
eukaryotes.
was
originally
described
yeast
as
genes
involved
carbon
source
mating
type
switching,
its
mammalian
counterpart
extensively
studied
role
diseases
such
cancer.
complex
closely
associated
with
activation
of
stress
response
genes,
many
which
metabolic
functions.
It
now
recognized
that
this
a
function
work
shown
also
key
regulator
Emerging
evidence
suggests
loss
introduces
vulnerabilities
cells
due
influence,
may
present
opportunities
treatment
SWI/SNF-deficient
cancers.
Abstract
Solute
carriers
(SLC)
are
integral
membrane
proteins
responsible
for
transporting
a
wide
variety
of
metabolites,
signaling
molecules
and
drugs
across
cellular
membranes.
Despite
key
roles
in
metabolism,
pharmacology,
around
one
third
SLC
‘orphans’
whose
substrates
unknown.
Experimental
determination
is
technically
challenging,
given
the
range
possible
physiological
candidates.
Here,
we
develop
predictive
algorithm
to
identify
correlations
between
expression
levels
intracellular
metabolite
concentrations
by
leveraging
existing
cancer
multi-omics
datasets.
Our
predictions
recovered
known
SLC-substrate
pairs
with
high
sensitivity
specificity
compared
simulated
random
pairs.
CRISPR-Cas9
dependency
screen
data
metabolic
pathway
adjacency
further
improved
performance
our
algorithm.
In
parallel,
combined
drug
profiles
predict
new
SLC-drug
interactions.
Together,
provide
novel
bioinformatic
pipeline
substrate
SLCs,
offering
opportunities
de-orphanise
SLCs
important
implications
understanding
their
health
disease.
Molecular Biomedicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024
Abstract
The
field
of
transcriptional
regulation
has
revealed
the
vital
role
chromatin
modifiers
in
human
diseases
from
beginning
functional
exploration
to
process
participating
many
types
disease
regulatory
mechanisms.
Chromatin
are
a
class
enzymes
that
can
catalyze
chemical
conversion
pyrimidine
residues
or
amino
acid
residues,
including
histone
modifiers,
DNA
methyltransferases,
and
remodeling
complexes.
assist
formation
circuits
between
transcription
factors,
enhancers,
promoters
by
regulating
accessibility
ability
factors
acquire
DNA.
This
is
achieved
recruiting
associated
proteins
RNA
polymerases.
They
modify
physical
contact
cis-regulatory
factor
elements,
influence
processes.
Then,
abnormal
perturbations
impair
homeostasis
organs,
tissues,
cells,
leading
diseases.
review
offers
comprehensive
elucidation
on
function
mechanism
thereby
highlighting
their
indispensability
development
Furthermore,
this
underscores
potential
as
biomarkers,
which
may
enable
early
diagnosis.
With
aid
paper,
deeper
understanding
pathogenesis
be
gained,
could
help
devising
effective
diagnostic
therapeutic
interventions.
PLoS Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(10), С. e3002371 - e3002371
Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023
Perez
and
Sarkies
uncover
histones
as
methyl
group
repositories
in
normal
cancer
human
cells,
shedding
light
on
an
intriguing
function
of
histone
methylation
optimizing
the
cellular
potential
independently
gene
regulation.
Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(4), С. 841 - 876
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Recently,
new
data
have
been
added
to
the
interaction
between
non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNAs)
and
epigenetic
machinery.
Epigenetics
includes
enzymes
involved
in
DNA
methylation,
histone
modifications,
RNA
mechanisms
underlying
chromatin
structure,
repressive
states,
active
states
operating
transcription.
The
main
focus
is
on
long
ncRNAs
(lncRNAs)
acting
as
scaffolds
assemble
protein
complexes.
This
review
does
not
cover
RNA's
role
sponging
microRNAs,
or
decoy
functions.
Several
lncRNAs
were
shown
regulate
activation
repression
by
interacting
with
Polycomb
complexes
mixed-lineage
leukemia
(MLL)
activating
Various
groups
reported
enhancer
of
zeste
homolog
2
(EZH2)
interactions
regulatory
RNAs.
Knowledge
function
these
opens
perspective
develop
therapeutics
for
cancer
treatment.
Lastly,
interplay
epitranscriptomic
modifications
cancers
paves
way
targets
therapy.
approach
inhibit
epitrascriptomics-regulated
may
bring
compounds
therapeuticals
various
types
cancer.
