An ancient and still ongoing genetic conflict between transposable elements and their repressors DOI Creative Commons
Rachele Cagliani, Diego Forni, Alessandra Mozzi

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024

Abstract Background. Transposable element (TE) mobilization poses a significant fitness challenge to host genomes. Consequently, variety of systems have emerged silence TE activity. Just like TEs, such are widespread across the tree life and their evolution is expected be shaped by intra-genomic conflicts. To test this hypothesis, we performed an evolutionary analysis control different timescales. Results. We show that substantial fraction genes were targets positive selection during primate evolution, as well more recent history human populations, with abundant signatures in proteins piRNA pathway. In these proteins, was strongest intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), particularly those low conformational entropy, contributed modulate ensemble features sequence patterning. primates, larger number TEs also resulted reduced accumulation new mobile elements, assessed genomic or occurrences. Across longer time frames, uncover wide variability content PIWI-containing unprecedented diversity domain architectures for eukaryotes. Finally, identify bacterial Argonaute closest prokaryotic relative unusual conservation IDR huge distances. Conclusions. Our data provide insight into eukaryotes and, through analyses over deep distances, contribute information rapidly growing evo-immuno discipline.

Язык: Английский

Headmen, shamans, and mothers: Natural and sexual selection for computational services DOI
Edward H. Hagen, Zachary H. Garfield, Aaron D. Lightner

и другие.

Evolution and Human Behavior, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 46(1), С. 106651 - 106651

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Signalling by co-operative higher-order assembly formation: linking evidence at molecular and cellular levels DOI Creative Commons
Boštjan Kobe, Jeffrey D. Nanson, Mikayla Hoad

и другие.

Biochemical Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 482(05), С. 275 - 294

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

The concept of higher-order assembly signalling or by co-operative formation (SCAF) was proposed based on the structures assemblies formed proteins featuring domains from death-fold family and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain family. Because these form filamentous upon stimulation activate downstream pathways through induced proximity, they were envisioned to sharpen response thresholds extreme co-operativity assembly. Recent findings demonstrate that a central feature SCAF mechanism is nucleation barrier allows switch-like, digital 'all-or-none' minute stimuli. In agreement, this features in cell-death innate immunity activation where binary decision required. Here, we broaden encapsulate essential kinetic properties open-ended signalling, compare other such as biomolecular condensates, review how operates cells.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Conservation of antiviral systems across domains of life reveals immune genes in humans DOI

Jean Cury,

Matthieu Haudiquet,

Veronica Hernandez Trejo

и другие.

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(9), С. 1594 - 1607.e5

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Temporal expression classes and functions of vaccinia virus and mpox (monkeypox) virus genes DOI Creative Commons
Yining Deng,

Santiago Navarro-Forero,

Zhilong Yang

и другие.

mBio, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Poxviruses comprise pathogens that are highly pathogenic to humans and animals, causing diseases such as smallpox mpox (formerly monkeypox). The family also contains members developed vaccine vectors oncolytic agents fight other diseases. Vaccinia virus is the prototype poxvirus used eradicate smallpox. Poxvirus genes follow a cascade temporal expression pattern, categorized into early, intermediate, late stages using distinct transcription factors. This review comprehensively summarized classification of over 200 vaccinia genes. relationships between classes functions, well different branches immune responses, were discussed. Based on orthologs, we classified all genes, including few not previously annotated with orthologs in viruses. Additionally, reviewed functions based up-to-date published papers. provides readily usable resource for researchers working biology, medical countermeasures, utility development.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Innate immune mechanisms of infection: what we know and potential conserved mechanisms affecting sleep during infection DOI Creative Commons

Mark R. Zielinski,

Sean D. Carey,

John A. Craig

и другие.

Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100121 - 100121

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Advancing RNA phage biology through meta-omics DOI Creative Commons
Jens Hör

Nucleic Acids Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 53(8)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025

Abstract Bacteriophages with RNA genomes are among the simplest biological entities on Earth. Since their discovery in 1960s, they have been used as important models to understand principal processes of life, including translation and genetic code. While phages were generally thought rare oddities nature, meta-omics methods rapidly changing this simplistic view by studying diverse biomes unprecedented resolution. Metatranscriptomics dramatically expanded number known from tens thousands, revealed widespread abundance, discovered several new families potential largely unknown hosts, biology, environmental impact. At same time, (meta)genomic analyses bacterial hosts discovering an arsenal defense systems bacteria employ protect themselves predation, whose functions immunity against we only beginning understand. Here, I review how approaches advancing field phage biology a focus might fight them.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
The role of noncoding RNAs in bacterial immunity DOI Creative Commons
David Mayo-Muñoz, Huijuan Li, Mario Rodríguez Mestre

и другие.

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

HighlightsNoncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal players in bacteria–phage conflicts.Many bacterial immune systems depend on ncRNAs for both structure and function.ncRNAs are key regulators of responses.Phages use to counteract defenses.AbstractThe evolutionary arms race between bacteria phages has driven the development diverse anti-phage defense mechanisms. Recent studies identified noncoding conflicts, including CRISPR-Cas, toxin–antitoxin (TA), reverse transcriptase (RT)-based defenses; however, our understanding their roles immunity is still emerging. In this review, we explore multifaceted immunity, offering insights into contributions anti-defense mechanisms, influence regulatory networks, potential biotechnological applications. Finally, highlight outstanding questions field spark future research directions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
There and back again: Discovering antiviral and antiphage defenses using deep homology DOI
Edward M. Culbertson, Tera C. Levin

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(9), С. 1466 - 1468

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
An ancient and still ongoing genetic conflict between transposable elements and their repressors DOI Creative Commons
Rachele Cagliani, Diego Forni, Alessandra Mozzi

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024

Abstract Background. Transposable element (TE) mobilization poses a significant fitness challenge to host genomes. Consequently, variety of systems have emerged silence TE activity. Just like TEs, such are widespread across the tree life and their evolution is expected be shaped by intra-genomic conflicts. To test this hypothesis, we performed an evolutionary analysis control different timescales. Results. We show that substantial fraction genes were targets positive selection during primate evolution, as well more recent history human populations, with abundant signatures in proteins piRNA pathway. In these proteins, was strongest intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), particularly those low conformational entropy, contributed modulate ensemble features sequence patterning. primates, larger number TEs also resulted reduced accumulation new mobile elements, assessed genomic or occurrences. Across longer time frames, uncover wide variability content PIWI-containing unprecedented diversity domain architectures for eukaryotes. Finally, identify bacterial Argonaute closest prokaryotic relative unusual conservation IDR huge distances. Conclusions. Our data provide insight into eukaryotes and, through analyses over deep distances, contribute information rapidly growing evo-immuno discipline.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0