Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023
Cellular
senescence
is
characterized
by
replication
arrest
in
response
to
stress
stimuli.
Senescent
cells
accumulate
aging
tissues
and
can
trigger
organ-specific
possibly
systemic
dysfunction.
Although
senescent
cell
populations
are
heterogeneous,
a
key
feature
that
they
exhibit
epigenetic
changes.
Epigenetic
changes
such
as
loss
of
repressive
constitutive
heterochromatin
could
lead
subsequent
LINE-1
derepression,
phenomenon
often
described
the
context
or
somatic
evolution.
elements
decode
retroposition
machinery
reverse
transcription
generates
cDNA
from
autonomous
non-autonomous
TEs
potentially
reintegrate
into
genomes
cause
structural
variants.
Another
cellular
mitochondrial
dysfunction
caused
damage.
In
combination
with
impaired
mitophagy,
which
characteristic
cells,
this
cytosolic
mtDNA
accumulation
and,
genomic
consequence,
integrations
nuclear
DNA
(nDNA),
resulting
pseudogenes
called
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(2), С. 146 - 146
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025
An
organism
is
considered
“alive”
if
it
can
grow,
reproduce,
respond
to
external
stimuli,
metabolize
nutrients,
and
maintain
stability.
By
this
definition,
both
mitochondria
viruses
exhibit
the
key
characteristics
of
independent
life.
In
addition
their
capacity
for
self-replication
under
specifically
defined
conditions,
communicate
via
shared
biochemical
elements,
alter
cellular
energy
metabolism,
adapt
local
environment.
To
explain
phenomenon,
we
hypothesize
that
early
viral
prototype
species
evolved
from
ubiquitous
environmental
DNA
gained
within
coacervate-like
liquid
droplets.
The
high
mutation
rates
experienced
in
environment
streamlined
acquisition
standard
genetic
codes
adaptation
a
diverse
set
host
environments.
Similarly,
mitochondria,
eukaryotic
intracellular
organelles
generate
resolve
oxygen
toxicity,
originally
an
infectious
bacterial
active
functionality
extracellular
space.
Thus,
while
contribute
profoundly
homeostasis,
freestanding
existence
may
lead
functional
disruptions
over
time,
notably,
overproduction
reactive
species,
phenomenon
strongly
linked
aging-related
disorders.
Overall,
more
in-depth
understanding
full
extent
evolution
primordial
precursors
novel
insights
therapeutic
strategies
address
neurodegenerative
processes
promote
healthy
aging.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024
In
metazoans
mitochondrial
DNA
(mtDNA)
or
retrotransposon
cDNA
released
to
cytoplasm
are
degraded
by
nucleases
prevent
sterile
inflammation.
It
remains
unknown
whether
degradation
of
these
also
prevents
nuclear
genome
instability.
We
used
an
amplicon
sequencing-based
method
in
yeast
enabling
analysis
millions
DSB
repair
products.
non-dividing
stationary
phase
cells,
Pol4-mediated
non-homologous
end-joining
increases,
resulting
frequent
insertions
1–3
nucleotides,
and
mtDNA
(NUMTs)
cDNA.
Yeast
EndoG
(Nuc1)
nuclease
limits
insertion
transfer
very
long
(
>10
kb)
the
nucleus,
where
it
forms
unstable
circles,
while
promoting
formation
short
NUMTs
(~45–200
bp).
Nuc1
regulates
extranuclear
nucleus
aging
meiosis.
propose
that
preserves
stability
degrading
mtDNA,
originate
from
incompletely
mtDNA.
This
work
suggests
eliminating
preserve
stability.
Mitochondrial
into
is
this
study,
authors
demonstrate
nucleolytic
species
a
model
organism
their
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
Abstract
In
metazoans
release
of
mitochondrial
DNA
or
retrotransposon
cDNA
to
cytoplasm
can
cause
sterile
inflammation
and
disease
1.
Cytoplasmic
nucleases
degrade
these
species
limit
2,3.
It
remains
unknown
whether
degradation
also
prevents
nuclear
genome
instability.
To
address
this
question,
we
decided
identify
the
nuclease
regulating
transfer
cytoplasmic
nucleus.
We
used
an
amplicon
sequencing-based
method
in
yeast
enabling
analysis
millions
DSB
repair
products.
Nuclear
mtDNA
(NUMTs)
insertions
increase
dramatically
nondividing
stationary
phase
cells.
Yeast
EndoG
(Nuc1)
limits
very
long
(>10
kb)
that
forms
unstable
circles
rarely
insert
genome,
but
it
promotes
formation
short
NUMTs
(~45-200
bp).
Nuc1
regulates
nucleus
aging
during
meiosis.
propose
preserves
stability
by
degrading
mtDNA,
while
originate
from
incompletely
degraded
mtDNA.
This
work
suggests
eliminating
play
a
role
preserving
stability.
PLoS Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(8), С. e3002756 - e3002756
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
The
endosymbiosis
of
mitochondrial
ancestors
resulted
in
the
transfer
genetic
material
on
an
evolutionary
scale
for
eukaryotic
species.
A
new
study
PLOS
Biology
expands
this
to
genome
somatic
cells
within
individuals
and
highlights
its
correlation
with
aging
disease.
Genes,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(10), С. 1318 - 1318
Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2024
The
presence
of
mitochondrial
sequences
in
the
nuclear
genome
(Numts)
confounds
analyses
sequence
variation,
and
is
a
potential
source
false
positives
disease
studies.
To
improve
analysis
variation
canines,
we
completed
systematic
assessment
Numt
content
across
assemblies,
canine
populations
carnivore
lineage.
