The role of mobile DNA elements in the dynamic of plants genome plasticity
Journal of Experimental Botany,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract
Plants
host
a
range
of
DNA
elements
capable
self-replication.
These
molecules,
usually
associated
to
the
activity
transposable
or
viruses,
are
found
integrated
in
genome
form
extrachromosomal
DNA.
The
these
can
impact
plasticity
by
variety
mechanisms,
including
generation
structural
variants,
shuffling
regulatory
coding
sequences
across
genome,
and
endoduplication.
This
dynamically
alter
gene
expression
stability,
ultimately
affecting
plant
development
response
environmental
changes.
While
activation
is
often
considered
deleterious
their
role
creating
variation
important
adaptation
evolution.
Moreover,
mechanisms
which
mobile
proliferate
have
been
exploited
for
engineering,
contributed
understand
how
desirable
traits
be
generated
crops.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
origins
roles
element
on
biology,
as
well
potential
function
current
application
biotechnology.
Язык: Английский
Toward Transgene-Free Transposon-Mediated Biological Mutagenesis for Plant Breeding
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(23), С. 17054 - 17054
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2023
Genetic
diversity
is
a
key
factor
for
plant
breeding.
The
birth
of
novel
genic
and
genomic
variants
also
crucial
adaptation
in
nature.
Therefore,
the
genomes
almost
all
living
organisms
possess
natural
mutagenic
mechanisms.
Transposable
elements
(TEs)
are
major
force
driving
genetic
wild
plants
modern
crops.
relatively
rare
TE
transposition
activity
during
thousand-year
crop
domestication
process
has
led
to
phenotypic
many
cultivated
species.
utilization
mutagenesis
by
artificial
transient
acceleration
their
controlled
mode
an
attractive
foundation
type
called
TE-mediated
biological
mutagenesis.
Here,
I
focus
on
TEs
as
sources
breeding
discuss
existing
emerging
transgene-free
approaches
activation
plants.
Furthermore,
review
non-randomness
insertions
genome
molecular
epigenetic
factors
involved
shaping
insertion
preferences.
Additionally,
mechanisms
that
prevent
transpositions
germline
cells
(e.g.,
meiocytes,
pollen,
egg
embryo
cells,
shoot
apical
meristem),
thereby
reducing
chances
inheritance.
Knowledge
these
can
expand
toolbox
using
gene
targeting
approaches.
Finally,
challenges
future
perspectives
populations
with
induced
(iTE
collections)
discussed.
Язык: Английский
Comparative Analysis of Active LTR Retrotransposons in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): From Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Detection to Protein Structure Prediction
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(24), С. 13615 - 13615
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Plant
genomes
possess
numerous
transposable
element
(TE)
insertions
that
have
occurred
during
evolution.
Most
TEs
are
silenced
or
diverged;
therefore,
they
lose
their
ability
to
encode
proteins
and
transposed
in
the
genome.
Knowledge
of
active
plant
TE-encoded
essential
for
transposition
evasion
cell
transposon
silencing
mechanisms
remains
limited.
This
study
investigated
long
terminal
repeat
(LTR)
retrotransposons
(RTEs)
sunflowers
(Helianthus
annuus),
revealing
heterogeneous
phylogenetically
distinct
RTEs
triggered
by
epigenetic
changes
heat
stress.
Many
these
belong
three
groups
within
Tekay
clade,
showing
significant
variations
chromosomal
insertion
distribution.
Through
protein
analysis
RTEs,
it
was
found
Athila
group
2
elements
additional
open
reading
frames
(aORFs).
The
aORF-encoded
feature
a
transposase
domain,
transmembrane
nuclear
localization
signals.
aORF
subgroup
exhibited
remarkable
conservation
among
over
500
members,
suggesting
functional
importance
RTE
mobility.
predicted
3D
structure
sunflower
showed
homology
with
rice,
maize,
sorghum.
Additionally,
structural
features
resemble
those
DRBM-containing
proteins,
potential
role
RNA-silencing
modulation.
These
findings
offer
insights
into
diversity
activity
emphasizing
characteristics
proteins.
Язык: Английский