Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 147(8)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, weight) factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control) that contribute health. Statistical Update presents latest data on a range major clinical circulatory disease conditions (including congenital rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary failure, valvular venous peripheral artery disease) associated outcomes quality care, procedures, economic costs). Methods: through its Epidemiology Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors evaluates sources stroke United States provide current information available annual review published literature year before writing. 2023 is product full year’s worth effort 2022 by dedicated volunteer clinicians scientists, committed government professionals, Association staff members. strives further understand help heal problems inflicted structural racism, public crisis can significantly damage mental perpetuate disparities access education, income, housing, several other vital healthy lives. This edition includes additional COVID-19 (coronavirus 2019) publications, as well monitoring benefits population, an enhanced focus equity across key domains. Results: Each chapters focuses different topic statistics. Conclusions: represents critical resource for lay public, policymakers, media clinicians, care administrators, researchers, advocates, others seeking best these conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 145(8)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2022

The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, weight) factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control) that contribute health. Statistical Update presents latest data on a range major clinical circulatory disease conditions (including congenital rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary failure, valvular venous peripheral artery disease) associated outcomes quality care, procedures, economic costs).

Язык: Английский

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2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association

Circulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 149(8)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, obesity) factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, metabolic syndrome) that contribute health. AHA Disease Stroke Statistical Update presents latest data on a range major clinical circulatory disease conditions (including brain health, complications pregnancy, kidney congenital rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary cardiomyopathy, failure, valvular venous thromboembolism, peripheral artery disease) associated outcomes quality care, procedures, economic costs). METHODS: AHA, through its Epidemiology Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors evaluates sources stroke United States globally provide current information available annual review published literature year before writing. 2024 is product full year’s worth effort 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians scientists, committed government professionals, staff members. strives further understand help heal problems inflicted structural racism, public crisis can significantly damage mental perpetuate disparities access education, income, housing, several other vital healthy lives. This edition includes additional global data, as well monitoring benefits population, an enhanced focus equity across key domains. RESULTS: Each chapters focuses different topic statistics. CONCLUSIONS: represents critical resource for lay public, policymakers, media clinicians, care administrators, researchers, advocates, others seeking best these conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Testing and correcting for weak and pleiotropic instruments in two‐sample multivariable Mendelian randomization

Statistics in Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 40(25), С. 5434 - 5452

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2021

Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) is a form of instrumental variable analysis which estimates the direct effect multiple exposures on an outcome using genetic variants as instruments. and MVMR are frequently conducted two‐sample summary data where association with obtained from separate samples. If only weakly associated either individually or conditionally, given other in model, then standard inverse variance weighting will yield biased for each exposure. Here, we develop conditional F ‐statistic to test whether strongly predict exposure included model. We show formally that this equivalent individual level ‐statistic, indicating conventional rule‐of‐thumb critical values 10, can be used weak demonstrate how reliable causal presence instruments pleiotropy, by repurposing commonly heterogeneity Q estimating equation. Furthermore, minimized value yields exact due pleiotropy. illustrate our methods application estimate blood lipid fractions age‐related macular degeneration.

Язык: Английский

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Dysregulated lipid metabolism links NAFLD to cardiovascular disease

Molecular Metabolism, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 42, С. 101092 - 101092

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming a global health problem. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most common cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. and CVD share several risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D). Atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by plasma hypertriglyceridemia, increased small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, decreased high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, often observed patients.In this review, we highlight recent epidemiological studies evaluating link between risk. We further focus on mechanistic insights into links altered metabolism. also discuss current therapeutic strategies for their potential impact NAFLD-associated risk.Alterations hepatic lipid metabolism major contributing to patients, many promising NASH therapies development improve dyslipidemia clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Mendelian randomization for cardiovascular diseases: principles and applications

European Heart Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 44(47), С. 4913 - 4924

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023

Abstract Large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted over the last decade have uncovered numerous genetic variants associated with cardiometabolic traits and risk factors. These discoveries enabled Mendelian randomization (MR) design, which uses variation as a natural experiment to improve causal inferences from observational data. By analogy random assignment of treatment in randomized controlled trials, segregation alleles when DNA is transmitted parents offspring at gamete formation expected reduce confounding associations. analyses make set assumptions that must hold for valid results. Provided are well justified employed instrumental variables, MR can inform on whether putative factor likely has effect disease or not. been increasingly applied recent years predict efficacy safety existing novel drugs targeting cardiovascular factors explore repurposing potential available drugs. This review article describes principles design some applications epidemiology.

Язык: Английский

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American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan—2022 Update

Endocrine Practice, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(10), С. 923 - 1049

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Genome-wide analyses of 200,453 individuals yield new insights into the causes and consequences of clonal hematopoiesis

Nature Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 54(8), С. 1155 - 1166

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

Abstract Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), the clonal expansion of a blood stem cell and its progeny driven by somatic driver mutations, affects over third people, yet remains poorly understood. Here we analyze genetic data from 200,453 UK Biobank participants to map landscape inherited predisposition CH, increasing number germline associations with CH in European-ancestry populations 4 14. Genes at new loci implicate DNA damage repair ( PARP1 , ATM CHEK2 ), hematopoietic migration/homing CD164 ) myeloid oncogenesis SETBP1 ). Several were CH-subtype-specific including variants TCL1A that had opposite DNMT3A - versus TET2 -mutant two most common subtypes, proposing key roles for these development. Mendelian randomization analyses showed smoking longer leukocyte telomere length are causal risk factors increases risks myeloproliferative neoplasia, nonhematological malignancies, atrial fibrillation epigenetic ageing.

Язык: Английский

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Systems biology in cardiovascular disease: a multiomics approach

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(5), С. 313 - 330

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Characterising metabolomic signatures of lipid-modifying therapies through drug target mendelian randomisation

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(2), С. e3001547 - e3001547

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2022

Large-scale molecular profiling and genotyping provide a unique opportunity to systematically compare the genetically predicted effects of therapeutic targets on human metabolome. We firstly constructed genetic risk scores for 8 drug basis that they primarily modify low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (HMGCR, PCKS9, NPC1L1), high-density (HDL) (CETP), or triglycerides (APOC3, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, LPL). Conducting mendelian randomisation (MR) provided strong evidence an effect drug-based coronary artery disease (CAD) with exception ANGPTL3. then estimated each score 249 metabolic traits derived using blood samples from unprecedented sample size up 115,082 UK Biobank participants. Genetically were generally consistent among targets, which intended same lipid trait. For example, linear fit MR estimates all inhibition LDL lowering HMGCR PCSK9 was r2 = 0.91. In contrast, comparisons between classes designed discrete typically had very different signatures (for instance, versus 4 triglyceride < 0.02). Furthermore, we highlight this discrepancy specific traits, finding therapies weak glycoprotein acetyls, marker inflammation, whereas modifying assessed levels inflammatory biomarker. Our findings indicate perturbations these metabolome can drastically differ, despite largely CAD, potential implications biomarkers in clinical development measuring treatment response.

Язык: Английский

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