Innate lymphoid cells in HIV pathogenesis and in the human female genital tract DOI
Alexandra Werner, Aleah Holmes,

Genna Moldovan

и другие.

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Purpose of review Women are underrepresented in HIV infection and prevention research despite making up half people living with HIV. The female genital tract (FGT) serves as a primary site acquisition, but gaps knowledge remain regarding protective innate immune mechanisms. Innate lymphoid cells tissue-resident involved mucosal barrier maintenance protection, (ILCs) altered during chronic infection. However, ILCs role pathogenesis is unclear they poorly characterized the FGT. Recent findings Human differ from their mouse counterparts plastically adjust to tissue residency. ILC characterization difficult due tissue-specific adaptations transition between subsets. While evidence for involvement antiviral activity provided models, human immunity understudied, particularly In HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, manner, SIV models indicate potential responses. Summary plastic that provide protection at surfaces display capacity. Considering primarily transmitted through exposure, more needed understand contribution relevant acquisition.

Язык: Английский

Cervicovaginal Microbiome: Physiology, Age-Related Changes, and Protective Role Against Human Papillomavirus Infection DOI Open Access

Diana Alizhan,

Talshyn Ukybassova, Gauri Bapayeva

и другие.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1521 - 1521

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Background/Objectives: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the leading cause of cervical cancer. Developing evidence suggests that cervicovaginal microbiome plays a significant role in modulating HPV persistence and progression to neoplasia. This review synthesizes current knowledge on interplay between local immunity infections, emphasizing microbial diversity, immune responses, potential therapeutic implications. Methods: A thorough literature was performed using Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, encompassing studies published 2000 2024. Studies examining composition microbiome, HPV-related outcomes were evaluated synthesized into comprehensive review. Results: Lactobacillus-dominant particularly with L. crispatus, creates protective environment through lactic acid production, maintenance low pH, anti-inflammatory modulation, facilitating clearance. Dysbiosis, often characterized by dominance iners overgrowth anaerobic bacteria, fosters chronic inflammation, cytokine imbalance, microenvironment conducive progression. Hormonal changes menopause exacerbate these shifts, increasing risk lesions. suggest profiles antimicrobial peptides significantly influence further infection outcomes. Conclusions: The is critical determinant outcomes, for enhance responses prevent Personalized microbiome-targeted therapies may offer novel avenue managing reducing cancer incidence.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Innate lymphoid cells in HIV pathogenesis and in the human female genital tract DOI
Alexandra Werner, Aleah Holmes,

Genna Moldovan

и другие.

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Purpose of review Women are underrepresented in HIV infection and prevention research despite making up half people living with HIV. The female genital tract (FGT) serves as a primary site acquisition, but gaps knowledge remain regarding protective innate immune mechanisms. Innate lymphoid cells tissue-resident involved mucosal barrier maintenance protection, (ILCs) altered during chronic infection. However, ILCs role pathogenesis is unclear they poorly characterized the FGT. Recent findings Human differ from their mouse counterparts plastically adjust to tissue residency. ILC characterization difficult due tissue-specific adaptations transition between subsets. While evidence for involvement antiviral activity provided models, human immunity understudied, particularly In HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, manner, SIV models indicate potential responses. Summary plastic that provide protection at surfaces display capacity. Considering primarily transmitted through exposure, more needed understand contribution relevant acquisition.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0