Thin-layer modeling, drying parameters, and techno-enviro-economic analysis of a solar dried salted tilapia fish fillets
T.H. Ghanem,
Loai S. Nsasrat,
Omar Shahat Younis
и другие.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Abstract
This
study
focused
on
the
development
of
an
indirect
forced
solar
dryer
that
incorporates
a
three-sided
flat
plate
collector
(TSFPSC)
specifically
designed
for
increasing
thermal
efficiency,
and
system
used
drying
salted
tilapia
fish
fillets
(STFF).
The
investigation
analyzed
three
fillet
thicknesses—4
mm,
8
12
employing
both
open
sun
(OSD)
developed
(DSD),
with
constant
airspeed
0.5
m/s.
research
additionally
thin-layer
models
(TLDM),
assessed
parameters,
performed
extensive
techno-enviro-economic
analysis.
Results
showed
initial
final
moisture
content
(MC)
(w.b.
%)
STFF
were
74.83
18.84%,
respectively,
reached
equilibrium
MC
after
16–20.5
h
DSD
30–36
OSD,
which
means
time
reduced
by
about
53.3%,
61.11%
compared
OSD.
reduction
in
demonstrates
effectiveness
dryer.
effective
diffusivity
(EMD)
different
samples
at
systems
0.51
×
10
–10
to
9.16
m
2
/s.
In
addition,
all
eleven
basic
TLDM
applied
predict
behavior
during
process,
while
combined
Two-Term
Page
model
had
best
fitting
OSD
system,
modified
Midilli
II
system.
terms
economic
analysis,
annual
capital
investment
costs
calculated
be
$22.458
$21.334,
respectively.
Additionally,
environmental
analysis
indicated
energy
payback
(EP)
period
1.59
years,
net
CO
mitigation
14
tons
realized
over
operational
lifetime
DSD.
Язык: Английский
Development and laboratory evaluation of a novel IoT-based electric-driven metering system for high precision garlic planter
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
20(1), С. e0317203 - e0317203
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
In
order
to
address
many
issues,
such
as
the
inconsistent
and
unreliable
seeding
process
in
traditional
mechanical
garlic
seed
metering
systems
(SMS),
well
lack
of
ability
monitor
effectiveness
seeding,
a
highly
accurate
electric-driven
system
(EDMS)
was
developed
created
specifically
for
planters.
This
study
provided
description
overall
structure
functioning
principle,
an
analysis
mechanism
smooth
transit
delivery.
A
combination
infrared
(IR)
sensor,
Arduino
Mega
board,
stepper
motor,
speed
Wi-Fi
module
employed
operate
EDMS,
count
quantity
seeds
during
planting
determine
qualified
rate
(QR)
missing
(MR).
monitoring
quality
based
on
IoT
concept.
Then,
performance
EDMS
validated
laboratory
setting
utilizing
bench
test
at
six
operating
velocities
10,
20,
30,
40,
50,
60
rpm
EDMS.
The
obtained
results
showed
that
correlation
coefficient
between
actual
detected
using
counting
(GSMCS)
0.9723.
Additionally,
observed
maximum
QR
96.23%
velocity
20
rpm,
with
standard
division
error
1.61030
0.72015,
respectively.
minimized
MR
up
3.77%
same
velocity,
1.65325
0.73936,
Furthermore,
indicated
progressive
increase
MQ
errors
EDMS’s
increased.
sensor’s
accuracy
gradually
declined
Finally,
this
introduced
novel
planters
not
used
before.
GSMCS
are
technical
manuals
developing
designing
capable
precisely
measuring
identifying
rates
qualifying
measurements.
Язык: Английский
Quality evaluation of dried tomato fruit and optimization of drying conditions using a modified solar dryer integrated with an automatic solar collector tracker
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2025
In
the
current
study,
a
modified
solar
dryer
(SD)
integrated
automatic
collector
tracker
(ASCT)
was
used
for
drying
tomato
fruit
(TF)
at
three
slice
thicknesses
of
4,
6,
and
8
mm
on
both
systems
air
speeds
1,
1.5,
2
m/s
until
reaching
equilibrium
moisture
content.
Where
comparison
study
conducted
between
ASCT,
another
SD
with
fixed
(FSC).
The
obtained
results
showed
that
maximum
intensity
ambient
temperature
during
test
period
were
900
W/m2,
43.6
°C,
respectively.
As
well
as
highest
efficiency
PV
system
16.69%
same
time.
On
other
hand,
height,
greatest
diameter
smallest
TF
in
ranged
(4.6
5.2
cm),
(3.5
4.2
(3.4
4.1
athematic
geometric
diameters
ranging
3.87
4.47
cm
2.26
2.38
cm,
sphericity
values
tomatoes
tend
to
have
round
shape.
addition,
there
no
significant
effect
hot
velocities
time,
but
final
content
(MC)
decreased
increasing
velocities.
lowest
MC
6%,
it
recorded
thickness
4.0
dried
ASCT.
Additionally,
color
analysis
that,
darkest
slices
SC
FSC
velocity
1.0
m/s.
Meanwhile,
red
yellow
colors
significantly
increased
after
ASDT.
Furthermore,
chemical
rehydration
ratio
4.43
kg
water/kg
dry
matter
ASCT
1.5
8.0
mm.
pH
monitored
FSC.
Also,
ascorbic
acid
141
mg/100
g
(d.b.)
an
thickness,
using
combined
After
drying,
total
phenols
all
samples
lower
Язык: Английский
Development, drying characteristics, and environmental analysis of a PV operated automatic solar dryer for drying date
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
The
current
study
aims
to
develop
and
conduct
a
techno-environmental
evaluation
of
new
sustainable
forced
convection
solar
dryer
(SFCSD).
Where
the
developed
SFCSD
was
integrated
with
unique
electronic
circuit
that
enables
it
operate
in
two
different
modes:
1.
air
circulation
(active
mode)
2.
natural
(passive
mode),
based
on
temperature
(AT)
inside
drying
room
ambient
light
intensity
(Li).
Furthermore,
is
equipped
an
early
warning
system
(SOS)
can
send
message
(SMS)
operator
case
failure.
Aswan
region
Egypt
uses
dry
most
famous
five
date
fruit
varieties
(Shamia,
Bartamuda,
Sakkoti,
Malkabii,
Gondaila).
speed
sensor
suction
fan,
Li
sensor,
relative
humidity
(RH)
AT
were
calibrated
against
standard
devices
before
used.
results
showed
strong
correlation
between
measured
reference
values.
Despite
slight
underestimation
values,
sensors’
response
remains
consistent
predictable.
R
2
values
for
RH
were,
order,
0.9904,
0.987,
0.9863.
average
daily
radiation,
AT,
during
field
tests
494.78
W/m
,
29.46°C,
23.68%,
respectively.
initial
moisture
content
(MC)
(DF)
used
ranged
10.32
12.56%,
DF
samples
reached
equilibrium
MC
at
9
days.
effective
diffusivity
(EMD)
3.5569
×
10
−7
m
/s
3.9489
/s.
maximum
efficiency
photovoltaic
(PV)
collector
25.28
69.52%,
analysis
environmental
impact
revealed
energy
payback
time
(EPP)
7.15
years,
which
represented
only
23.83%
system’s
lifetime.
has
CO
mitigation
value
93.2
tons
earned
carbon
credit
(ECC)
valued
6757.02
USD
throughout
its
estimated
lifetime
30
years.
demonstrates
appropriate
alternative
preserving
agricultural
products
while
maintaining
sustainability.
Язык: Английский
Optimized design and performance evaluation of a highly precise variable rate mis-planting and replanting potato electronic-metering mechanism
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Май 16, 2025
Introduction
Precise
seed
placement
during
potato
planting
critically
determines
crop
distribution
and
density,
yet
mis-planting
remains
a
persistent
agricultural
challenge.
Current
manual
detection
correction
methods
introduce
inefficiencies,
increase
labor
costs,
risk
human
error.
Methodology
To
address
these
limitations,
this
study
developed
evaluated
high-precision
variable-rate
electronic
metering
mechanism
(EMM)
capable
of
automated
replanting
under
controlled
laboratory
conditions.
The
EMM
was
built
to
operate
at
different
distances
travel
speeds,
with
its
design
focusing
on
finding
the
best
mechanical
setup
before
testing
it
in
field
four
(24.12,
31.06,
34.87,
41.24
cm)
five
speeds
(2.13-6.11
km/h).
Results
obtained
results
demonstrated
optimal
stability
lower
(2.13-3.07
km/h),
where
sensor
accuracy
remained
consistent,
achieving
peak
performance
(QI=98.7%,
RI=100%,
minimal
MPI)
cm
spacing
2.13
km/h.
Performance
degraded
significantly
higher
(3.94-6.11
factorial
analysis
confirming
both
speed
as
statistically
significant
factors
affecting
all
indices.
Furthermore,
total
cost
system
approximately
$130
USD.
Discussion
Future
experiments
will
include
further
influence
variables
such
soil
type,
surface
irregularity,
environmental
disturbances
EMM.
Язык: Английский
Automated vacuum drying kinetics, thermodynamics, and economic analysis of sage leaves
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Май 29, 2025
Abstract
Vacuum
drying
of
sage
leaves
is
important
for
preserving
their
essential
oils,
flavor,
and
medicinal
properties
by
reducing
oxidation
thermal
degradation,
but
previous
research
has
not
investigated
its
impact
on
speed,
thermodynamic
properties,
mathematical
modeling,
or
economic
viability.
This
study
employed
an
automatic
vacuum
dryer
at
temperatures
40
°C,
50
60
°C
under
different
pressure
conditions
(atmospheric,
-5
kPa,
−
10
kPa)
with
a
1
cm
layer
thickness.
Results
showed
that
increasing
temperature
decreasing
significantly
improved
efficiency,
the
process
time
to
just
90
min
while
achieving
rate
22.34
kg
water/kg
dry
matter/h
effective
moisture
diffusivity
6.716
×
10⁻⁹
m²/s
optimal
(60
kPa).
The
Page
model
was
identified
as
most
suitable
describing
thin-layer
behavior.
Thermodynamic
analysis
revealed
activation
energy
values
between
19.4
37.7
kJ/mol,
enthalpy
higher
lower
pressures.
negative
entropy
indicated
chemical
adsorption
structural
modifications
during
drying.
From
perspective,
efficient
reduced
payback
period
less
than
two
months,
demonstrating
strong
commercial
potential.
These
findings
highlight
industrial
promise
herb
processing,
future
opportunities
in
optimization,
application
other
herbs,
sustainability
assessments
further
enhance
efficiency
benefits.
Язык: Английский