Historical Population-Level Impact of Infant 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) National Immunization Programs on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Australia, Canada, England and Wales, Israel, and the United States

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(5), С. 1351 - 1364

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

This study estimates the annual population-level impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) infant national immunization programs (NIPs) on vaccine-type and non-vaccine type invasive disease (IPD) incidence across all ages using surveillance data.We identified countries (Australia, Canada, England Wales, Israel, US) with IPD active data that introduced seven-valent PCV (PCV7) followed by PCV13, which also reported serotype- age group-specific incidence. We extracted serotype groupings [PCV13 minus PCV7 (PCV13-7) serotypes; PCV13-7 serotypes excluding 3; non-PCV13 20-valent (PCV20) PCV13 (PCV20-13) serotypes] groups (< 2 years, 2-4 5-17 18-34 35-49 50-64 ≥ 65 years). For each country, we calculated relative change in (percent change), corresponding rate ratio (IRR), for 7 years post introduction compared to year prior program initiation.PCV13-7 consistently decreased over time following countries, reaching an approximate steady state after 3-4 < 5 roughly 60-90% decrease (IRRs = 0.1-0.4) 4-5 approximately 60-80% 0.2-0.4). Incidence declines were more substantial grouping when 3. Non-PCV13 was variable country group, ranging from virtually no replacement period US increases other 10 204% 1.10-3.04) children 41% 123% 1.41-2.23) years.Countries longstanding NIPs have observed direct indirect benefits, are demonstrated this reduction groups. Over time, emerged response PCV13-unique serotypes. Higher-valent PCVs needed address emerging burden as well vaccination both pediatric adult populations against most prevalent circulating

Язык: Английский

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Clonal Expansion of a Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 Capsule Variant Sequence Type 700 With Enhanced Vaccine Escape Potential After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 230(1), С. e189 - e198

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 remains a problem globally. Malawi introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2011, but there has been no direct protection against carriage. We explored whether escape by is due to clonal expansion of lineage with competitive advantage.

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of invasive pneumococcal disease by serotype 3 in adults: a Spanish three-decade retrospective study

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 41, С. 100913 - 100913

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against serotype 3 pneumococcal pneumonia in adults: A systematic review and pooled analysis

Vaccine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 37(43), С. 6310 - 6316

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2019

Serotype 3 pneumococcal disease has not substantially declined at the population level after routine introduction of 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into pediatric immunization programs across globe. This epidemiological finding generated debate regarding effectiveness PCV13 against serotype disease. Evaluating is especially critical in adults, where makes up an important amount remaining We performed a systematic review published literature to assess direct community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among adults. then estimated overall (VE) using pooled analysis individual-level, raw data. Two studies met inclusion criteria. One was randomized controlled trial conducted Netherlands and 2014. The other recently-published case-control study Louisville, Kentucky that used test-negative design (TND). also identified third TND Argentina recently presented as conference abstract but yet published. All three were adults aged ≥65 years. VE hospitalized CAP 52.5% (95%CI: 6.2–75.9%) from individual-level data all studies. Results similar if unpublished estimate excluded (serotype = 53.6% [95%CI: 6.7–76.9%]). No heterogeneity observed. Currently-available evidence, although limited studies, suggests provides protection

Язык: Английский

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Visualizing variation within Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) and country population snapshots to contextualize pneumococcal isolates

Microbial Genomics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 6(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2020

Knowledge of pneumococcal lineages, their geographic distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns, can give insights into global disease. We provide interactive bioinformatic outputs to explore such topics, aiming increase dissemination genomic the wider community, without need for specialist training. prepared 12 country-specific phylogenetic snapshots, international snapshots 73 common Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) previously defined using PopPUNK, present them in Microreact. Gene presence absence Roary, recombination profiles derived from Gubbins are presented Phandango each GPSC. Temporal signal was assessed GPSC BactDating. examples how resources be used. In our example use a snapshot we determined that serotype 14 observed nine unrelated genetic backgrounds South Africa. The GPSC9, which most isolates Africa were observed, highlights there three independent sub-clusters represented by African isolates. estimated GPSC9-dated tree established during 1980s. show plots allowed identification 20 kb spanning capsular polysaccharide locus within GPSC97. This consistent with switch 6A 19A have occured 1990s GPSC97-dated tree. Plots gene presence/absence genes ( tet , erm cat ) across GPSC23 phylogeny acquisition composite transposon. GPSC23-dated occurred between 1953 1975. Finally, demonstrate assignment GPSC31 17 externally generated 1 assemblies Utah via Pathogenwatch. Most clustered USA-specific clade recent ancestor 1958 1981. provided used data, test hypothesis generate new hypotheses. accessible GPSCs allows others contextualize own collections beyond data here.

Язык: Английский

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Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution and antimicrobial nonsusceptibility trends among adults with pneumonia in the United States, 2009‒2017

Journal of Infection, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 81(4), С. 557 - 566

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Factors affecting antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae following vaccination introduction

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 30(12), С. 1135 - 1145

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The metabolic, virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of colonising Streptococcus pneumoniae shift after PCV13 introduction in urban Malawi

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae causes substantial mortality among children under 5-years-old worldwide. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are highly effective at reducing vaccine serotype disease, but emergence of non-vaccine serotypes and persistent nasopharyngeal carriage threaten this success. We investigated the hypothesis that following vaccine, adapted pneumococcal genotypes emerge with potential for escape. genome sequenced 2804 penumococcal isolates, collected 4-8 years after introduction PCV13 in Blantyre, Malawi. developed a pipeline to cluster population based on metabolic core genes into “Metabolic genotypes” (MTs). show S. genetics characterised by MTs distinct virulence antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles. Preliminary vitro murine experiments revealed representative isolates from emerging differed growth, haemolytic, epithelial infection, colonisation characteristics. Our results suggest context introduction, dynamics had shifted, phenomenon could further undermine control promote spread AMR.

Язык: Английский

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A Population-Based Descriptive Atlas of Invasive Pneumococcal Strains Recovered Within the U.S. During 2015–2016

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2018

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has greatly decreased since implementation in the U.S. of 7 valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) 2000 and 13 (PCV13) 2010. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to predict phenotypic traits (serotypes, antimicrobial phenotypes, pilus determinants) determine multilocus genotypes from 5334 isolates (~90% cases) recovered during 2015-2016 through Active Bacterial Core surveillance. identified 44 serotypes; 26 accounted for 98% isolates. PCV13 serotypes (inclusive serotype 6C) 1503 (28.2%) isolates, with 3 most common (657/5334, 12.3%), while 1 5 were undetected. Of 305 children 0.12µg/ml) was found among 22.4% (1193/5334) higher penicillin MICs (2-8 µg/ml) 8.0% (425/5334) that primarily (372/425, 87.5%) 35B 19A. Most (792/1193, 66.4%) penicillin-nonsusceptible macrolide-resistant, 410 (34.4%) which erm gene positive clindamycin-resistant. The proportion macrolide-resistant increased increasing MICs; even reduced susceptibility (MIC = 0.06µg/ml) much more likely be than basally penicillin-susceptible < 0.03µg/ml). contribution recombination strain diversification assessed quantitating 35B/CC558-specific bioinformatic pipeline features non-CC558 CCs determining sizes replacements. Although IPD stabilized post-PCV13 era, species continually generates recombinants adapt selective pressures exerted by vaccines antimicrobials. These data serve as a baseline monitoring future changes within each invasive serotype.

Язык: Английский

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A post-hoc analysis of serotype-specific vaccine efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against clinical community acquired pneumonia from a randomized clinical trial in the Netherlands

Vaccine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 37(30), С. 4147 - 4154

Опубликована: Май 31, 2019

Serotype-specific vaccine efficacy (VE) against adult community acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains poorly defined, yet such data are important for assessing the utility of pneumococcal conjugate (PCV) programs. We evaluated Community Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults to assess serotype-specific VE CAP. This parallel-arm randomized clinical trial assessed 13-valent PCV (PCV13) among dwelling persons aged ≥65 years The Netherlands. In original analysis, PCV13 first episodes vaccine-type (VT) chest radiology confirmed CAP was 45.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.8–62.5%). Unlike we included any subject that met a definition regardless radiographic findings. VT-CAP identified by culture (sterile or non-sterile) urinary antigen detection (SSUAD) test. Only five serotypes with at least 10 control arm, based on were assessment. Of 272 visits VT identified, 253 (93%) SSUAD including 210 (77%) alone. determined 1, 3, 6A, 7F, and 19A, total of, respectively, 27, 36, 25, 38, 48. (95%CI) were: serotype 20.0% (−83.1% 65.8%); 61.5% (17.6–83.4%); 33.3% (−58.6% 73.2%); 73.3% (40.5–89.4%); 45.2% (−2.2% 71.5%). Statistically significant observed 3 7F elderly adults. point estimates CIs 19A lower but consistent overall previously reported. These findings may be relevant models accurately account potential impact immunization.

Язык: Английский

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