Evolution and spread of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in the São Paulo, Brazil, citrus belt inferred from 758 novel genomes
Microbial Genomics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
The
São
Paulo
state
citrus
belt
in
Brazil
is
a
major
production
region.
Since
at
least
1957,
plantations
this
region
have
been
affected
by
canker,
an
economically
damaging
disease
caused
Xanthomonas
citri
subsp.
(Xcc).
For
about
50
years,
until
2017,
canker
eradication
programme
was
carried
out
In
work,
our
aim
to
investigate
the
effects
of
on
genetic
variability
and
evolution
Xcc.
To
end,
we
sequenced
analysed
758
Xcc
genomes
sampled
belt,
together
with
730
publicly
available
from
around
world.
Our
phylogenomic
analyses
show
that
these
can
be
grouped
into
seven
lineages
Paulo,
lineage
L7
dominant.
time
estimate
for
its
appearance
closely
matches
date
when
expanded.
subdivided
L7.1
L7.2.
samples,
L7.2,
which
emerged
1964,
far
most
abundant,
showing
had
little
impact
strain
diversification.
On
other
hand,
oscillations
estimated
effective
population
size
L7.2
strains
over
match
shifts
programme.
sum,
present
detailed
view
genomic
diversity
world
largest
such
effort
terms
number
crop
pathogen
undertaken
so
far.
methods
employed
here
form
basis
active
surveillance
areas.
Язык: Английский
Diversification of an emerging bacterial plant pathogen; insights into the global spread of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans
PLoS Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
21(4), С. e1013036 - e1013036
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025
Emerging
and
re-emerging
plant
diseases
continue
to
present
multifarious
threats
global
food
security.
Considerable
recent
efforts
are
therefore
being
channeled
towards
understanding
the
nature
of
pathogen
emergence,
their
spread
evolution.
Xanthomonas
euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
(Xep
)
,
one
causal
agents
bacterial
spot
tomato,
rapidly
emerged
displaced
other
xanthomonads
in
many
tomato
production
regions
around
world.
In
less
than
three
decades,
it
has
become
a
dominant
xanthomonad
systems
across
world
presents
compelling
example
for
diversification
recently
pathogens.
Although
Xep
been
continuously
monitored
Florida
since
its
discovery,
population
structure
evolution
at
genome-scale
is
yet
be
fully
explored.
The
objectives
this
work
were
determine
genetic
diversity
globally
ascertain
if
different
contain
genetically
distinct
populations,
examine
relatedness
strains
collected
seed
areas
East
Asia
regions,
evaluate
variation
type
III
secretion
effectors,
which
critical
pathogenicity
virulence
factors,
relationship
structure.
We
used
genome
data
from
270
13
countries
phylogenetic
analysis
characterization
effector
gene
among
strains.
Our
results
showed
notable
pathogen.
found
similar
distant
including
over
past
100
years,
consistent
with
intercontinental
dissemination
hybrid
chains.
Evolution
pangenome,
acquisition
loss
secreted
apparent
within
lineages.
long-distance
movement
pathogen,
together
variants
that
may
not
widely
distributed,
poses
risks
emergence
new
production.
Язык: Английский
Xanthomonas as a model system for studying pathogen emergence and evolution
Phytopathology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
114(7), С. 1433 - 1446
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024
In
this
review,
we
highlight
studies
in
which
whole-genome
sequencing,
comparative
genomics,
and
population
genomics
have
provided
unprecedented
insights
into
past
ongoing
pathogen
evolution.
These
include
new
understandings
of
the
adaptive
evolution
secretion
systems
their
effectors.
We
focus
on
Язык: Английский
Intercontinental dissemination and diversification ofXanthomonas perforansin tomato production
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 22, 2024
Abstract
Emerging
and
re-emerging
plant
diseases
continue
to
present
multifarious
threats
global
food
security.
Considerable
recent
efforts
are
therefore
being
channeled
towards
understanding
the
nature
of
pathogen
emergence,
their
spread
evolution.
Xanthomonas
euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
(Xep
),
one
causal
agents
bacterial
spot
tomato,
rapidly
emerged
displaced
other
xanthomonads
in
tomato
production
regions
around
world.
In
less
than
three
decades,
it
has
become
a
dominant
xanthomonad
systems
across
world
presents
model
for
diversification
recently
pathogens.
Although
Xep
been
continuously
monitored
Florida
since
its
discovery,
population
structure
evolution
at
genome-scale
is
yet
be
fully
explored.
The
objectives
this
work
were
determine
genetic
diversity
globally
ascertain
if
different
contain
genetically
distinct
populations,
examine
relatedness
strains
collected
seed
areas
East
Asia
regions,
evaluate
variation
type
III
effectors,
which
critical
pathogenicity
virulence
factors,
relationship
structure.
We
used
genome
data
from
270
13
countries
phylogenetic
analysis
characterization
Xop
effector
gene
among
strains.
Our
results
showed
notable
pathogen.
found
similar
distant
including
over
past
100
years,
consistent
with
intercontinental
dissemination
hybrid
chains.
Evolution
pangenome,
acquisition
loss
secreted
apparent
within
lineages.
long-distance
movement
pathogen,
together
variants
that
may
not
widely
distributed,
poses
risks
emergence
new
production.
Язык: Английский
Comparative genomic analysis uncovered phylogenetic diversity, evolution of virulence factors, and horizontal gene transfer events in tomato bacterial spot Xanthomonas euvesicatoria
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2024
Introduction
Bacterial
spot,
caused
by
diverse
xanthomonads
classified
into
four
lineages
within
three
species,
poses
a
significant
threat
to
global
pepper
and
tomato
production.
In
Taiwan,
bacterial
spot
phylogenetically
related
an
atypical
Xanthomonas
euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
(
Xep
)
strain
NI1
from
Nigeria
were
found.
Methods
To
investigate
the
genetic
structure
of
Taiwanese
strains
determine
phylogenetic
position
strains,
we
completed
high-quality,
gap-free,
circularized
genomes
seven
performed
comparative
genomic
analyses
with
X.
pathovars.
Average
nucleotide
identity,
core
genome
analysis,
phylogenomic
analysis
conducted.
Results
Three
sequenced
identified
as
typical
,
while
clustered
NI1,
forming
distinct
genomovar
euvesicatoria,
proposed
taiwanensis
Xet
).
This
new
lineage
likely
originated
in
Taiwan
spread
through
seed
trade.
At
level,
chromosomes
remained
conserved
among
plasmids
contributed
virulence,
avirulence,
field
fitness.
Gap-free
revealed
associations
between
evolution
type
III
effectors,
horizontal
gene
transfer
events,
plasmid
diversity,
recombination.
Discussion
study
highlights
critical
roles
shaping
makeup,
evolution,
environmental
adaptation
plant
pathogenic
xanthomonads.
The
identification
genomovar,
provides
insights
diversity
pathogens
Язык: Английский