The SUbventral-Gland Regulator (SUGR-1) of nematode virulence
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
122(11)
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Pathogens
must
precisely
tailor
their
gene
expression
to
cause
infection.
However,
a
signaling
cascade
from
host
signal
effector
production
has
remained
elusive
for
metazoan
pathogens.
Here,
we
show
that
plants
contain
molecular
signals,
termed
effectostimulins,
activate
the
first
identified
regulator
of
plant-parasitic
nematode
effectors.
SUGR-1
directly
binds
promoters,
and
is
central
transcriptional
network
activates
58
genes.
Importantly,
demonstrate
downregulation
sugr-1
inhibits
parasitism,
underlining
as
valuable
target
crop
protection
food
security.
This,
in
wider
context
nematodes
parasites
humans
other
animals,
scope
potentially
broader
impact:
Disrupting
could,
principle,
be
applied
any
pathogen
secrets
Язык: Английский
The origin, deployment, and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome
PLoS Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(7), С. e1012395 - e1012395
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024
Plant-parasitic
nematodes
constrain
global
food
security.
During
parasitism,
they
secrete
effectors
into
the
host
plant
from
two
types
of
pharyngeal
gland
cells.
These
elicit
profound
changes
in
biology
to
suppress
immunity
and
establish
a
unique
feeding
organ
which
nematode
draws
nutrition.
Despite
importance
there
has
been
no
comprehensive
identification
characterisation
effector
repertoire
any
plant-parasitic
nematode.
To
address
this,
we
advance
techniques
for
cell
isolation
transcriptional
analysis
define
stringent
annotation
putative
cyst
Heterodera
schachtii
at
three
key
life-stages.
We
717
gene
loci:
269
"known"
high-confidence
homologs
effectors,
448
"novel"
with
high
expression.
In
doing
so
most
"effectorome"
date.
Using
this
definition,
provide
first
systems-level
understanding
origin,
deployment
evolution
effectorome.
The
robust
will
underpin
our
pathology,
hence,
inform
strategies
crop
protection.
Язык: Английский
Discovery of Novel Amide Derivatives Containing an Oxazole/Isoxazole Moiety as Potential SDH Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Nematicidal Activity
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025
To
develop
new
nematicides,
amide
derivatives
with
oxazole/isoxazole
were
synthesized
via
scaffold-hopping
as
succinate
dehydrogenase
(SDH)
inhibitors.
The
nematicidal
activities
of
these
target
compounds
tested
against
Bursaphelenchus
xylophilus,
Aphelenchoides
besseyi,
and
Ditylenchus
destructor.
Some
the
showed
excellent
activities.
Compound
B21
had
LC50
values
3.2
mg/L
for
B.
11.5
A.
10.5
D.
exerted
a
pronounced
inhibitory
effect
on
feeding,
reproduction,
embryonic
development
capabilities
while
concurrently
triggering
deleterious
oxidative
stress
responses
within
nematodes.
These
reactions
led
to
intestinal
damage
eventually
death
exhibited
strong
hydrophobic
interactions
residues
Arg-76,
Val-103,
Pro-193,
Ile-242
SDH.
Additionally,
significantly
inhibited
SDH
an
IC50
value
6.5
μmol/L.
Язык: Английский
Comprehensive Insights Into Pinewood Nematode Effectors: Evolutionary Diversity, Functional Roles, and Implications for Pine Wilt Disease Management
Plant Cell & Environment,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
pinewood
nematode
(
Bursaphelenchus
xylophilus
,
PWN)
is
the
causative
agent
of
pine
wilt
disease
(PWD),
a
devastating
affliction
that
severely
impacts
forests,
leading
to
significant
economic
losses
and
ecological
consequences.
Once
PWN
successfully
established
in
healthy
host
trees,
it
can
cause
mortality
within
latency
period
ranging
from
days
several
years.
However,
precise
pathogenic
mechanisms
remain
poorly
understood.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
pathogenicity
primarily
driven
by
diverse
array
effectors,
including
proteins
small
molecules
such
as
ascarosides,
which
emerged
critical
mediators
for
modulating
defense
immune
responses,
thereby
enhancing
survival
promoting
progression.
This
review
provides
an
updated
comprehensive
overview
highlighting
their
diversity,
evolutionary
origins,
methodological
advancements,
functional
roles.
Additionally,
we
explore
implications
these
findings
development
targeted
control
strategies
highlight
challenges
future
research
directions
essential
gaining
complete
understanding
complex
PWN.
Язык: Английский